ISSN:0884-5336    

DOI:10.1177/011542659400900249

出版商:Sage Publications    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Various modes of intravenous nutrient administration may be associated with characteristic alterations in physiologic and metabolic host responses. Notably, cyclic parenteral nutrition produces greater short‐term thermic effects than continuous nutrient infusion. This may increase the metabolic burden upon patients who exhibit cardiopulmonary insufficiency. On the other hand, nitrogen accretion seems to be more efficient with cyclic total parenteral nutrition, making it quite attractive as an intravenous form of nutrition support. This article details these aspects of cyclic intravenous feeding and considers its optimal applicability to different patient populations.

ISSN:0884-5336    

DOI:10.1177/011542659400900251

出版商:Sage Publications    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Enteral nutrition, whenever feasible, is the preferred route of nutrition support. There has been a tremendous increase in the number of enteral products available on the market. Many of these are designed for use in specific disease states. This review will summarize the scientific rationale and supporting research for specialized enteral nutrition.

ISSN:0884-5336    

DOI:10.1177/011542659400900258

出版商:Sage Publications    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Cyclic parenteral nutrition is the technique of infusing the intravenous solution in less than 24 hours, during a portion of the day or night, allowing the patient freedom from the intravenous tubing and pump apparatus. In addition, adverse effects oflong‐term parenteral therapy, such as liver complications, were reported to be decreased with the use of cyclic parenteral nutrition in adult patients. Literature on the method and effects of cycling in young infants is minimal. This report describes cyclic parenteral nutrition use with guidelines for cycling and the potential beneficial metabolic effects in 10 infants less than 6 months of age who required long‐term parenteral nutrition support. Diagnosis, gestational age, length of time on parenteral nutrition, macronutrient intake, growth, and biochemical parameters for the patients are presented. Overall, cyclic parenteral nutrition was well tolerated without clinical symptoms of hypoglycemia, elevated capillary blood glucose concentrations, or abnormal urine glucose levels. The direct bilirubin concentrations showed a decrease or stabilization after cycling was initiated in eight of 10 patients.

ISSN:0884-5336    

DOI:10.1177/011542659400900265

出版商:Sage Publications    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Femoral vein catheterization is an alternative method of obtaining central venous access. Placement of femoral venous catheters (FVCs) is possible in the majority of patients, suitable for most indications, and associated with a low complication rate during insertion. We wished to determine the incidence of infections or other complications resulting when parenteral nutrition was delivered through FVCs. Fifty‐two patients were followed from a hospital‐wide population including patients in the critical care units. Triple‐lumen catheters were placed by using the sterile Seldinger technique, and sites were examined daily for inflammation. Bacteriologic surveillance was accomplished by submitting the catheter tip for semiquantitative cultures. If catheter line sepsis was suspected, blood samples for cultures were drawn through the catheter and peripherally. The rate of occurrence of colonized catheters was 9.6% (five of 52), and catheter sepsis was found in one case (1.9%). Other than inflammation at six (11.5%) of 52 catheter sites, noninfectious complications of FVCs were not found. On the basis of these findings, we consider FVC‐delivered parenteral alimentation a safe and effective alternative to other forms of central venous access.

ISSN:0884-5336    

DOI:10.1177/011542659400900269

出版商:Sage Publications    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0884-5336    

DOI:10.1177/011542659400900273

出版商:Sage Publications    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0884-5336    

DOI:10.1177/088453369400900207

出版商:Sage Publications    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0884-5336    

DOI:10.1177/088453369400900210

出版商:Sage Publications    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0884-5336    

DOI:10.1177/088453369400900212

出版商:Sage Publications    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY