摘要:

The ubiquity of self‐report pencil and paper surveys in sexual coercion research is matched only by the lack of attention to respondents' individual interpretations of survey items. Our purpose in this study was to examine men's interpretations of four apparently ambiguous items from a commonly used sexual coercion research instrument, the original Sexual Experiences Survey (SES; Koss&Oros, 1982). After completing the SES, college men (N = 102) were immediately interviewed about their interpretations of 4 of the SES items. Across the interviews, the men reported a variety of interpretations of each item. Ignoring SES item interpretations when forming research conclusions has significant implications for sexual coercion research. Based on the results of this investigation, we urge caution in interpreting results of studies based on self‐administered measures of coercive sexual behav

ISSN:0021-9029    

DOI:10.1111/j.1559-1816.1996.tb00087.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The present study experimentally examined the effects of body language on judgments of vulnerability to sexual assault by strangers. Four features of body language (stride length, weight shift, body‐limb movement, and foot movement) were manipulated to create 2 typical victim profiles and 1 typical nonvictim profile. Short videotapes of 3 adult female models walking alone in each of the 3 body language profiles were filmed. Forty‐one college students and 33 police officers individually viewed 3 videotapes (each showing a different model and a different body language profile) and made judgments for each about the woman's confidence level and vulnerability to sexual assault. As predicted, women in the 2 victim profiles were judged to be significantly more vulnerable to sexual assault and significantly less confident than women in the nonvictim profile. Implications and suggestions for future research are discus

ISSN:0021-9029    

DOI:10.1111/j.1559-1816.1996.tb00088.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This article approches the problem of organizing an effective AIDS prevention campaign through the establishing of a dual‐strategies technique based on persuasive and behavioral stategies that integrate the research into commitment psychology. The dual‐strategies technique was tested in an actual environment within the campaign for the prevention of AIDS involving 17 and 18 years old subjects. A Likert‐type attitude scale was created to measure the results of the campaign. The experimental plan permitted the verification of the effects of this strategy on attitudes by the comparison between the various groups that were subjected to different strategies and the control group. As we expected, the pupils who were the object of these strategies showed more favorable attitudes towards AIDS prevention in the post experimental phase than those who were not (control condi

ISSN:0021-9029    

DOI:10.1111/j.1559-1816.1996.tb00089.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The study investigated the effect of self‐ascribed epistemic authority (SAEA) on proclivity to choose information either about job content or about job context. Subjects expressed their attitudes toward a job offer on the basis of information either about job content alone or about job content and job context. It was found that in the process of evaluating a job offer, people with different levels of SAEA tended to focus on different kinds of information‐job‐content or job‐context characteristics. The higher the SAEA, the greater was the effect of job‐content characteristics on their evaluation of the job offer. By contrast, when the job‐content characteristics were supplemented with attractive job‐context characteristics, the relationship between SAEA and job‐offer evaluation was low and insignificant. Subjects low on SAEA had relatively low preference for using job‐content characteristics as criteria for job

ISSN:0021-9029    

DOI:10.1111/j.1559-1816.1996.tb00090.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This research examines the applicability of Fishbein and Ajzen's (1975) theory of reasoned action (TRA) to intentions to use cigarettes and alcohol among 5th‐ and 6th‐grade students. It also addresses the question of unidimensionality of outcome beliefs and referent norms. Results suggest that the TRA model describes children's decision making well, although the ability of income and race to add to prediction, net of the effects of attitude and perceived norm, are contrary to the theory's prediction. In addition, we find support for multidimensional components of both attitude and norm for both behavi

ISSN:0021-9029    

DOI:10.1111/j.1559-1816.1996.tb00091.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY