摘要:

Temporal perspective was experimentally manipulated by verbal instructions to expand the present while minimizing the significance of past and future. The reactions of trained hypnotic subjects to this induction were compared with hynotic simulators and nonsimulating controls. In a fourth group, time sense was made salient but no suggestion given to alter it. Across a variety of tasks, self‐report measures, and behavioral observations, this modification of the boundaries between past, present, and future resulted in profound consequences among the hypnotic subjects.Changes in affect, language, thought processes, sensory awareness, and susceptibility to social‐emotional contagion, accompanied an expanded present orientation. Nonreactive measures distinguished simulators from hypnotic subjects who apparently were better able than control subjects to incorporate the induced time distortion and perceive it as a viable alternative to their traditional time perspective. Some implications of time as a pervasive, non‐obvious, independent variable in the social control of cognition and behavior are out

ISSN:0021-9029    

DOI:10.1111/j.1559-1816.1971.tb00369.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A survey in an unincorporated urban area compared the major community problems of concern to two groups: (a) a randomly selected sample of listed telephone subscribers, and (b) community leaders identified through nominations and reputational methods. In addition to asking about the major problems of the community, the randomly selected telephone subscribers were also asked to indicate for each problem (a) the persons or organizations to whom they looked for information and advice, (b) whom they considered qualified to speak for them, and (c) whom they expected to act in their behalf in the solution of these problems. The results of these surveys showed a large divergence of concerns expressed by the random samples and the reputed community leaders, as well as a striking number of respondents who felt themselves to be without spokesmen.

ISSN:0021-9029    

DOI:10.1111/j.1559-1816.1971.tb00370.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Ratings on 4‐point scales of truthfulness, competence, and altruism of 20 selected occupations were obtained from 4 samples of subjects. The subjects included 200 students from the University of Connecticut, 96 students from the University of Maryland, 50 secretaries from a small town in Connecticut, and 50 teachers from the public schools of the same town. In spite of differences in sex, age, occupation, education, and locale, all the samples and subsamples were remarkably similar in their ratings of the 20 occupations. A strong tendency appears for professionals to be rated high and for people who may be regarded as powerful in our society to be rated poorly on all 3 variables. Several interesting differences in ratings on the 3 variables within professions were obtaine

ISSN:0021-9029    

DOI:10.1111/j.1559-1816.1971.tb00371.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Two experimental studies of bilateral bargaining were conducted, and this paper reports findings related to differences in the conditions under which bargaining began and ended. Asymmetric initiation affected the way the subjects bargained, but not, on the average, the deals they struck. Asymmetric termination affected both bargaining behavior and deals. One surprising conclusion was that following a relatively simple configuration of bargaining strategies increased both one's probability of making a deal and one's benefits from the deal itself.

ISSN:0021-9029    

DOI:10.1111/j.1559-1816.1971.tb00372.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A lack of adequate housing in the Southern California city studied was perceived by minority groups to be the result of racial discrimination. To verify this, 25 apartment houses were visited by male‐female couples from three ethnic groups: Mexican‐American, Negro, and Caucasian. The couples asked about apartment availability, amount of rent, and miscellaneous fees. Fewer apartments were available to the minority groups than to Caucasians (p<.02). Negroes were quoted rents and miscellaneous fees which were higher than those quoted to Caucasians. Overall, Negroes were discriminated against more often than Mexican‐Americans, who in turn were more discriminated against than Caucasians. Seventy‐six percent of the apartment house managers displayed some overt indication of racial discrim

ISSN:0021-9029    

DOI:10.1111/j.1559-1816.1971.tb00373.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Chinese and American nationals participated in an experimental internation simulation as a test of Bronfenbrenner's mirror image hypothesis. Perceptions of own and opposing nations were measured for (1) a rebel movement, and (2) a large power fighting a rebel movement in a foreign nation. The effects of information availability (relevance), and of increasing threat from a third power were also investigated. It was found that evaluative mirror image perceptions of the opposing nation as “bad” and one's own as “good” were easily established. Mirror image perceptions of “they are the aggressors” were found for Chinese, but not for Americans. Information relevance had only limited effects. Threat from a third power produced, in general, decreased mirror image perceptions for subjects representing the large power, but did not affect subjects representing the reb

ISSN:0021-9029    

DOI:10.1111/j.1559-1816.1971.tb00374.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY