摘要:

Control has emerged as an important psychological variable. The purpose of this project was to extend the concept of environmental control to the homeless shelter environment. Data from interviews conducted with residents of a homeless shelter supported the hypothesis that perceived loss of control over the shelter environment would be positively related to giving up on finding a home and employment. The hypothesis that the helplessness created by low control environments is consistent with the external, stable attributional style of “universal” helplessness was partially supported. Suggestions for future research are provided. Changes in the shelter environment are recommended for the treatment of helplessness in the homeless though helplessness is expected to persist as long as poverty, expensive housing, and prejudice against the homeless make efforts and outcomes nonconting

ISSN:0021-9029    

DOI:10.1111/j.1559-1816.1992.tb02357.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The factors that determine intentions to relocate in the continental U. S. among Puerto Rican nursing professionals were explored. One hundred and eleven nursing students in their last semester of nursing school responded to a biographical questionnaire. Intentions to relocate were regressed on factor scores resulting from factor‐analyzing questionnaire items. The results indicated that the individual's level of independence (e. g., lack of family attachment) was the best predictor of intentions to relocate. In addition, both lack of fear of discrimination and being at a middle life stage were positively related to intentions to take a job in the U. S. Implications for further study of the motivations driving culturally diverse laborforce entrants are discusse

ISSN:0021-9029    

DOI:10.1111/j.1559-1816.1992.tb02358.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study was conducted to examine psychological mechanisms underlying self enhancing comparisons among 88 male major league professional soccer players. In line with other research, the results suggest that positive beliefs about oneself are more difficult to maintain with regard to unambiguous comparison dimensions. More interestingly, similar results were found by contrasting comparisons with a specific other to those with a vague other, a more ambiguous comparison target. Furthermore, it was confirmed that the more value subjects attach to a dimension of comparison, the more they consider themselves superior on that dimension. The practical implications of these results for competitive sport are discussed.

ISSN:0021-9029    

DOI:10.1111/j.1559-1816.1992.tb02359.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Although prior research on influence has identified numerous techniques for increasing donation rates (see e. g., Cialdini, 1988), the problem of increasing donation sizes has been neglected. We conducted a field experiment in a telemarketing fundraising context to examine the effectiveness of three influence techniques for increasing the size of donations. The results indicate that the multiple‐deescalating‐requests technique was effective for increasing donation sizes. However, statistical information‐based techniques were ineffective. Theoretical and applied implications of the results are disc

ISSN:0021-9029    

DOI:10.1111/j.1559-1816.1992.tb02360.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The disease AIDS has given rise to a host of social dilemmas. Here we explore the rhetoric that affects people's reasoning about actions taken in the face of such dilemmas. We presented a group of 514 undergraduates with vignettes depicting dilemmas having to do with the distribution of sexually explicit educational material to high school students and with the forced HIV blood testing of factory workers. Subjects rated the acceptability of arguments for and against courses of action taken by persons in the vignettes. The arguments embodied concerns typical of moral reasoning at each of Kohlberg's six stages. We found that the acceptability of stage‐typical moral arguments about AIDS‐related dilemmas depends on both the dilemma at hand and the course of action being argued for. We argue that knowledge of how people respond to different kinds of moral arguments concerning AIDS‐related dilemmas is valuable for informing efforts to advocate humane and lifesaving policies to particular audi

ISSN:0021-9029    

DOI:10.1111/j.1559-1816.1992.tb02361.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Males who were tolerant or intolerant of homosexuals participated in an experiment wherein they interacted with a gay male, a lesbian, or a person of unknown sexual orientation. Results showed that although both attitudes toward homosexuality and the partner's sexual orientation affected reactions to that person. there were few effects due to target sex. Although men's reported attitudes toward gay males are more negative than their attitudes toward lesbians. these attitudes d o not necessarily affect reactions to these individuals.

ISSN:0021-9029    

DOI:10.1111/j.1559-1816.1992.tb02362.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY