摘要:

The study applied help‐seeking models in order to elucidate individuals' motivations underlying listening to radio counseling programs. Listening motivations for two different counseling programs were compared among listeners and callers to the programs. In addition, the study compared the degree of perceived threat to self‐esteem associated with seeking help from a psychologist in a clinic as compared to a psychologist on the air, and examined the self‐esteem of listeners and callers to these counseling programs.Results showed that listeners and callers attribute motivations of receiving psychological information and help to the consumers of these programs. Seeking help from a radio psychologist was found to be less threatening than turning to a psychologist in a clinic. Finally, the self‐esteem of callers was lower than that of listeners. The results support the utility of psychological help‐seeking models for research in the field of media p

ISSN:0021-9029    

DOI:10.1111/j.1559-1816.1991.tb00520.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This experiment examined determinants of “whistle blowing,” the disclosure of organizational wrongdoing. Previous research, limited largely to analyses of cross‐sectional, self‐reported data, has not established cause‐effect relations, and dispositional variables generally have not been examined. In this study, 295 students witnessed apparent wrongdoing by a research assistant and were given an opportunity to report it to a university authority. Results indicated that men were more likely than women to report the wrongdoing. Whistle blowing also was a function of lower, rather than higher, levels of moral judgment development. More whistle blowing occurred when there were more, rather than fewer, observers of wrongdoing. Implications for research and practice are

ISSN:0021-9029    

DOI:10.1111/j.1559-1816.1991.tb00521.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study explores time structure and purpose as a mediator of the relationship between the experience of work and well‐being in life, taking into account personality factors. A recursive model is presented in which value attainment at work and job satisfaction are expected to positively affect life satisfaction directly and indirectly through their effects on time structure and purpose. A test of the model using questionnaire responses from 336 workers generally was supportive of the hypothesized relationships suggesting that one mechanism through which work may affect well‐being is through work's influence on people's sense of time being spent in purposeful and meaningful ways. Support for the hypothesized role of personality in the model also was obtained. In general, these results are consistent with top‐down and bottom‐up theories of well‐being suggesting that both types of processes likely operate in tandem. Implications of these results are

ISSN:0021-9029    

DOI:10.1111/j.1559-1816.1991.tb00522.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Data from rural villagers in India suggested that the perception of control was related to physical health but that household density (persons per room) had few effects. In a second study, separate interviews were conducted with the husband and wife in each of 167 households, which varied greatly in terms of number of household members and number of rooms. Results indicated that, once socio‐economic status and demographic factors were statistically held constant, household density had no effects. However, the density of the household in which respondents were raised did significantly affect several measures, with people who were raised in more crowded homes generally experiencing more negative outcomes in their present homes. Although number of persons in the household had few effects on respondents, the number of children in the home had several negative outcomes, particularly for women. Results also showed that, even when other variables were held constant, the perception of control over the environment was a significant predictor for both men and women on almost all dependent measures and that other perceived ways of dealing with problems (control over self and acceptance of things as they are) were much less important. At the bivariate level, the greater the difference between husbands and wives in perceived control over the environment, the more negative were the wives' reactions and experiences. However, when all other variables were held constant, this difference added no significant explanatory power for women but did explain some measures for men, with men suffering more mental distress and reacting more negatively to their home the greater their relative powe

ISSN:0021-9029    

DOI:10.1111/j.1559-1816.1991.tb00523.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY