摘要:

A proximal‐distal theoretical framework was developed to examine the multivariate roots of homophobia. Using data from a sample of 288 undergraduates who had participated in a computer‐assisted panel study over a three‐year period, the effects on homophobia of distal and proximal family factors (e. g., parental education and family environment), distal and proximal individual factors (e. g., personality constructs and current beliefs), and proximal individual‐situational factors (e. g., acquaintance with homosexuals) were tested in regression analyses. Both analyses employing sets of variables varying in proximity to the homophobic attitude and hierarchical regression employing variables contributing significantly in each set supported the proposed framework. All sets predicted significantly when regressed separately on homophobia; the sets containing the distal factors contributed most weakly, and the sets containing the proximal factors contributed most strongly. In hierarchical regression analysis, this pattern maintained such that the incremental increase inr2decreased with the addition of each more distal set, with the most distal factors failing to contribute significantly to the prediction. The importance of study findings for attitude change efforts is di

ISSN:0021-9029    

DOI:10.1111/j.1559-1816.1993.tb01077.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The consequences of occupational stress include not only physical and psychological illnesses, but also a variety of employment problems. The current study examined stress and physical symptoms reported by a sample of child‐welfare supervisors at a state human‐services agency. Results indicated that a tendency to suppress angry feelings was related to an increased level of perceived stress and a greater number of physical symptoms. Suppressed anger was also related to dissatisfaction with co‐workers. Finally, results did not suggest any significant relationships between type of managerial style typically employed and job satisfaction, perceived stress, anger, or physical symptoms. Results of the present study highlight the importance of focusing on anger expression in interventions developed to address occupational s

ISSN:0021-9029    

DOI:10.1111/j.1559-1816.1993.tb01078.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study examined the longitudinal relationships among two central constructs of affectivity–family history of alcoholism, and alcohol use and use‐related problems. Data used in this study were obtained from a nonclinical sample interviewed originally when subjects were 12, 15, or 18 years of age, and followed up twice more at three‐year intervals. The results of this study indicate a strong role for negative affect and arousability as dimensions of affectivity in modulating alcohol‐related consequences. Individuals who display consistently heightened arousability and negative affect, particularly in combination, appear to display the greatest use intensity over longer time intervals. Conversely, the fact that combined persistently low arousability and negative affect were consistently related to lower use intensity and fewer consequences suggests a possible role for lowered levels of these dimensions as a protective factor against transition to problematic outcomes. Arousability appears to be most strongly related to use intensity, while family drinking history status and negative affect were found to be significant contributors to p

ISSN:0021-9029    

DOI:10.1111/j.1559-1816.1993.tb01079.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Drawing from theories of social cognition and perception, the effects of information consistency and distinctiveness implied by semantic cues in reference price ads are examined in a 2 (Levels of Distinctiveness) × 2 (Levels of Consistency) × 3 (Levels of Reference Price) between‐subjects experimental design. Both the reference‐price level and the perceived distinctiveness of information implied by the semantic cue had significant effects on internal price standard and attitudinal and perceptual dependent variables. Consistency information had no effect. Competing rationales drawn from assimilation‐contrast theory and anchoring and adjustment effects on judgment are offered as bases for reference‐price predictions. Results reveal that reference‐price level had a monotonic effect on most dependent variables, and thus are more consistent with effects predicted by anchoring and adjustment

ISSN:0021-9029    

DOI:10.1111/j.1559-1816.1993.tb01080.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY