ISSN:0021-9029    

DOI:10.1111/j.1559-1816.1971.tb00356.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A matched subjects design was employed to assess the effectiveness of an experimental program for the reduction of delinquent behavior in adolescent boys on probation. Youngsters in the experimental group (N= 19) were invited to participate in a series of small group sessions designed on the basis of principles drawn from the theory and research of social psychology. Control group delinquents (N= 19) were not informed of this project and continued their previous association with the probation office. The group experiences arranged for the experimental participants encouraged free and open discussion of their previous delinquent activities, future behavioral intentions, personal values, and life goals. It was found that participants developed high attraction toward the group and involvement in its activities. Frequency of subsequent delinquent behavior was found to be significantly reduced for experimental group participants as compared with their matched controls. In a followup interview 9 months after the last group meeting, it was found that experimental group members showed significantly more internal responses on a modified version of the Rotter I‐E scale than did the control subject

ISSN:0021-9029    

DOI:10.1111/j.1559-1816.1971.tb00357.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The laboratory study of attraction is based almost exclusively on verbal measures of the dependent variable. Various findings suggest that the physical distance separating two individuals indicates the degree of attraction between them. In two experiments, attitude similarity between a subject and two stooges was manipulated. Females were more attracted to and sat more closelybesidea similar than a dissimilar stranger (p<.01); males were more attracted to and sat directlyacross froma similar rather than a dissimilar stranger (p<.02).

ISSN:0021-9029    

DOI:10.1111/j.1559-1816.1971.tb00358.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Aid programs can be used as an antidote to social conflict. Under certain conditions, however, they may create hostility. In this experiment subjects representing six hypothetical countries (1) either received or did not receive material aid from a seventh nation and (2) had a high or low level of material need. Attraction for the aid‐giver decreased markedly when aid was denied, but increased very little when it was granted. When subjects were high in material needs, the denial of aid produced maximal antagonism. However, when aid was received, high need did not enhance attraction to the donor. The implications of these findings for an exchange theory of attraction and for aid giving are discusse

ISSN:0021-9029    

DOI:10.1111/j.1559-1816.1971.tb00359.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Data from two experiments were evaluated to test the widely held assumption that family process remains essentially constant regardless of the conditions under which it occurs. Significant differences and reversals in patterns of dominance between interacting husbands and wives were obtained under different task conditions. In general, stressful tasks and tasks with structured goals elicited paternal dominance, while maternal dominance of more equalitarian patterns resulted from tasks which involved discussion of feelings and opinions. These and other task dimensions were discussed. The findings of this study generate four conclusions: prior studies must be reviewed to evaluate task effects; future researchers must systematically investigate task characteristics; researchers must exercise care in the selection of tasks in future studies; and the relationship between role behaviors and task demands must be understood in order to help meet the increasing stress impinging upon the modern family system.

ISSN:0021-9029    

DOI:10.1111/j.1559-1816.1971.tb00360.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A 1‐year experimental program that transported a total of 38 “volunteer” disadvantaged city children to schools in a nearby suburban community was evaluated in grades 1 and 2. Twenty‐six of the 38 children were in a total of 12 different classes at these two grade levels. At the conclusion of the program, transportedfirst gradersdisplayed significantly higher average gains in reading, mathematics, and listening skills than did counterparts who remained in the city school. Amongsecond graders, achievement mean gains for the transported group did not differ significantly from those of the counterpart group. Suburban children in classes containing city youngsters displayed no measured detrimental effects on achievement, when compared to similar classes without city children. In general, year‐end affective measures indicated that most groups of students preferred integrated classes that were mostly white, and they also felt these classes were among the

ISSN:0021-9029    

DOI:10.1111/j.1559-1816.1971.tb00361.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Warning responses are described on the basis of interviews with 278 randomly selected families who were evacuated from their homes prior to a flood in Denver, Colorado, on June 16, 1965. Response patterns are analyzed in detail for families who were geographically separated at the time initial warnings were received. Numerous implications for community disaster planning are explicated.

ISSN:0021-9029    

DOI:10.1111/j.1559-1816.1971.tb00362.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY