摘要:

AbstractThe mechanisms linking sexual abuse and eating psychopathology were considered in a case series of 54 eating‐disordered women. The effects of the presence and nature of any abuse were examined, allowing for the possible confounding effects of the women's self‐esteem and family function. For the group as a whole, a reported history of sexual abuse was not associated with bulimic symptoms. However, in the 33 women who reported a history of abuse, hinging was more frequent in those who described unwanted sexual experiences at an early age or with a family member. Vomiting was more frequent in cases where the abuse was intrafamilial. However, there was no association between the nature of the abuse and the women's Eating Attitude Test scores. Possible mechanisms to explain these associations are discussed. © 1992 John Wiley&Sons,

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199211)12:3<235::AID-EAT2260120302>3.0.CO;2-8

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper reports a survey of natural history of eating behavior and attitudes to weight and shape in British women attending a family planning clinic. Sixty‐two women completed a battery of standardized tests, followed by a second questionnaire 18 months later. This rescreening represents the first report of an adult sample not self‐defined as ill. The Eating Attitudes Test (EAT)‐26 total score showed stability over time (r =.68) but a/so showed a nonsignificant increase in the number of “cases.” The self‐reported weight and desired weight increased slightly but statistically over the whole sample in the follow‐up period. Analysis of group variances showed evidence of a heterogeneity of variance which was more marked than evidence of group mean effects between responders and nonresponders. The self‐reported heights were stable but self‐report of historical weight limits showed impossible inconsistencies such that any data related to these must be interpreted with caution. We recommend that future follow‐up studies report analysis of loss to follow‐up both by group means and variances, that inconsistent responses be counted and explored, and that both group mean changes over time and correlations be reported since they convey

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199211)12:3<241::AID-EAT2260120303>3.0.CO;2-6

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn the present study, the Eating Disorder Examination (EDE), a clinical interview designed to characterize the psychopathohgy specific to eating disorders, was administered to 17 obese women seeking treatment for binge eating problems. Subjects also completed questionnaires to assess binge severity, depression, and weight history. Obese binge eaters obtained EDE subscale scores that did not differ from those reported for normal weight bulimia nervosa patients on the Overeating, Shape Concern, Weight Concern, and Eating Concern Sub‐scales of the EDE; however, bulimia nervosa patients had higher scores on the EDE Restraint Subscale. Questionnaire data indicated that obese binge eaters had considerable depressive symptomatology and that early onset obesity, frequent weight losses, and family histories of obesity were common. These findings suggest that obese binge eaters and bulimia nervosa patients have similar levels of eating disorders psychopathohgy, but that future research directly comparing overweight and normal weight patients is neede

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199211)12:3<249::AID-EAT2260120304>3.0.CO;2-W

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractObese binge eaters may benefit from cognitive‐behavioral treatment (CBT) approaches that target binge eating. In the present study, eight overweight women participated in a 16‐week group CBT program. The Eating Disorder Examination (EDE), a clinical interview designed to assess the psychopathology specific to eating disorders, was administered pre‐ and post‐treatment. Frequency of bulimic episodes during the 28 days prior to assessment was substantially reduced following treatment. Total days with bulimic episodes decreased from 13.4 to 1.2, with a mean reduction of 81%. As assessed by the EDE, dysfunctional concern for body shape and weight and disturbed attitudes about eating markedly diminished. Mood similarly improved. These find/rigs confirm that obese bingers improve after a CBT program designed to ameliorate binge eating and indicate the utility of the EDE in assessing treatment outcome with these p

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199211)12:3<257::AID-EAT2260120305>3.0.CO;2-S

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe current study extends earlier observations that body dissatisfaction is positively associated with body weight for eating disorder patients and for nonpatient college women. An adjustment to the Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI) Body Dissatisfaction score (i.e., the “Body Illusion Index” or “Bll”) is proposed to statistically eliminate the effects of relative body weight on Body Dissatisfaction scores and to systematically increase Body Dissatisfaction scores at lower relative weights. The adjustment results in a mean adjusted body dissatisfaction score for the anorexia nervosa patients more closely resembling that for bulimia ner‐vosa patients and differing significantly from normal weight college women. The “Body Illusion Index” addresses the different meanings and clinical significance that body dissatisfaction implies for individuals at different weights. © 1992 John W

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199211)12:3<263::AID-EAT2260120306>3.0.CO;2-Q

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn the voluminous literature on families of eating disorder patients, siblings are a relatively forgotten group. This article gives a brief review of the research literature concerning the following issues: family size, birth order, eating disorders in siblings, behavioral and mental disorders, personality of siblings, sibling rivalry, and sibling incest.

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199211)12:3<273::AID-EAT2260120307>3.0.CO;2-K

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper presents findings derived from comparative studies using the Eating Attitude Test (EAT) and conducted in East and West Berlin during the 1980s when the two Germanies were still strictly segregated. On the whole, the findings support earlier observations that North American findings are not transferable or descriptive of Middle European populations. Lower EAT scores were found for both East and West Berlin samples when compared with North American samples, and deficient discriminant validity of the EAT is evidenced in the remarkably low mean score of the East Berlin patients with anorexia nervosa. All of the scores of the EAT scales have been shown to be independent with respect to chronological age, whereas socioeconomic status and age of disease onset have been shown to be important determinants of score variation. Furthermore, there is evidence of a relative lack of deceptive tendencies when high EAT scores are coupled with high degrees of denial of illness.

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199211)12:3<281::AID-EAT2260120308>3.0.CO;2-G

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPrevious research indicates a lower prevalence of eating disorders within black than white populations. The purpose of this investigation was to examine multiple facets of body image and eating behaviors among 104 African‐American and white female college students. Four primary domains assessed in this study were: (a) body‐image attitudes, (b) body‐image perceptions, (c) weight concerns and eating behaviors, and (d) judgments of the thinness‐fatness of varying body sizes. As hypothesized, black females held more favorable bodyimage attitudes than whites, on both global and weight‐related body‐image affects, cognitions, and behaviors. Moreover, compared with whites, black women held body‐size ideals that were less thin and more congruent with their current perceived size. Evidence from the novel Perceptions of Fatness Procedure indicates that black women held less strict criteria for perceiving body fatness. Whites reported more frequent eating restraint and sub‐clinical eating dyscontrol. Results are discussed in the context of cultural and developmental influences on the body images of African‐American and white women in Western society. © 1992 Jo

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199211)12:3<291::AID-EAT2260120309>3.0.CO;2-A

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe present study was undertaken to clarify the longitudinal course, from adolescence to the age of 40, of weight fluctuations in a woman with alternating anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. Although it has long been appreciated that a single person may fluctuate between states of binge eating and obesity on the one hand, and starvation on the other, few data exist regarding the nature and mechanism of this interrelationship. As opposed to the gradual linear increase in weight normally observed in human beings from early adulthood through middle‐age, our patient with alternating bulimia nervosa and anorexia nervosa showed chronic weight oscillation of great magnitude. However, her weight oscillations were periodic, as opposed to chaotic, and oscillated around her ideal body weight of 137 pounds. Moreover, the frequency of major weight changes increased with time. It is possible that a fundamental dysregulation of the hypothalamic feeding apparatus, wherein the normal homeostatic system loses its stability so that periodic oscillatory behavior results, unites the syndromes of anorexia and bulimia nervosa in the same individual. Finally, the pathological weight dynamics observed in this case show similarities to the phenomenology and course of bipolar affective disorder

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199211)12:3<301::AID-EAT2260120310>3.0.CO;2-P

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSixty‐six consecutive bulimia nervosa patients and their sisters were compared for menar‐chal age and weight. Bulimic women were significantly heavier, but not younger, at puberty then their sisters being brought up in the same home environment. The belief that the bulimics were relatively overweight at menarche was held not only by the future patients but also by their sisters and mothers. At the very least the data represent a common family myth prior to the development of the illness. Interviews suggested that the issue of shape and weight became mutually overvalued and led to the initial aberrant eating behavior. Heavier menarchal weight appears to be one of the factors which prime a susceptible girl to future buli

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199211)12:3<307::AID-EAT2260120311>3.0.CO;2-G

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY