摘要:

AbstractA meta‐analysis of group treatments for bulimia was conducted. Forty outcome re ports were coded on treatment, design, and subject variables. Effect sizes represen pre‐treatment to post‐treatment changes in bulimia symptoms. The weighted aver age effect size for group treatment was +0.75 at post‐treatment, suggesting moder ate efficacy. Improvement was typically maintained in studies reporting 1 yea follow‐up data. Larger post‐treatment effect sizes were associated with more hour of therapy per week and with the addition of other treatment components, such a individual therapy. The implications of the results for future research and clinics endeavors ar

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199203)11:2<97::AID-EAT2260110202>3.0.CO;2-H

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe current study was undertaken to provide descriptive data regarding the eating patterns of non‐purging bulimic subjects and to determine whether these patterns are reflected in the DSM‐III‐R criteria. The self‐monitored food records of 22 non‐purging women seeking treatment for binge eating were analyzed. Subjects consumed an average of 602 kcal during their eating binges and the mean duration of binges was 38 minutes. There was large variability both in binge size and duration suggesting that a perception of loss of control during eating is preferable to the present D5M‐III‐R criterion that binges necessarily consist of the rapid consumption of a large amount of food in a discrete period of time. Consumption during binge episodes consisted of significantly less protein and fiber than consumption of non‐binge days. There was no significant difference, however, between fat or carbohydrate consumption. Subjects' intake averaged approximately 2400 kcal/day on binge days compared with 1500 kcal on binge‐free days. Thus, non‐purging bulimic subjects meet the DSM‐III‐R criterion that binge episodes alternate with periods of restrictive dieting. An interesting additional finding was that subjects' recall of days during which binge eating occurred seems to be more accurate than their recall of the specific number o

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199203)11:2<111::AID-EAT2260110203>3.0.CO;2-J

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study compared psychological and family features of adolescents with varying degrees of eating and mood symptoms. Questionnaires (administered to 715 high school girls) assessed maladaptive eating, mood disturbances, body‐image concerns, traits of perfectionism, impulsivity, self‐criticism, and reported family in cohesion. Canonical correlation analysis and comparisons among groups displaying different combinations of eating and mood symptoms suggested the following: that concurrent mood and eating symptoms were linked to an aberrant psychological profile, characterized by body concerns, multiple psychological issues, and family in cohesion. Circumscribed eating disturbances were associated with body concerns, but an otherwise intact profile. Mood disturbances were associated with an again more‐disturbed psychological and family profile, but in which body concerns were unremarkable. Shared psychological and family features appeared to represent a possible basis for concurrence of mood and eating symptoms evident in our no clinical population, and were discussed in the light of a “two‐component” model of the eating disorders proposed by Garner, Olmsted, Polivy&Carfi

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199203)11:2<121::AID-EAT2260110204>3.0.CO;2-D

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPsychological attributes and body size estimation were compared in four subgroups of anorexia and bulimia patients, an obese group, an unrestrained control group, and a restrained control group. The four patient subgroups were anorectic‐restrictors, anorectic‐bulimics, bulimics with a history of anorexia, and bulimics without a history of anorexia. The bulimics with a past history of anorexia displayed the greatest degree of psychopathology, as measured by the Eating Disorder Inventory (ED/). Of the four anorexia and bulimia subgroups, the anorectic‐restrictors displayed the least pathological EDI profile while the anorectic‐bulimics and bulimics with no history of anorexia displayed intermediate profiles. All anorexia and bulimia subgroups overestimated the size of their hips and their body depth relative to the two control groups and the obese group. There were no differences in body size estimation between the subgroups of anorexia and bulimia patients. All four groups of patients showed improvements on both the EDI and body size estimation task with treatment. The implications of these findings for diagnostic criteria and appropriate subgrouping of anorexia and bulimia patients is di

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199203)11:2<133::AID-EAT2260110205>3.0.CO;2-5

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe evolution of diagnostic criteria from DSM‐III to DSM‐Ill‐R for bulimia nervosa included the addition of overconcern with body shape and weight as a psychological dimension. This survey of 524 bulimic females in Toronto and New York documents the prevalence of the more specific dimension of body dissatisfaction in this population and highlights its association with related psychological disturbances. The virtual ubiquity of this dimension is discussed in terms of implications for future diagnostic cri

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199203)11:2<151::AID-EAT2260110206>3.0.CO;2-Z

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn 53 consecutive patients with primary anorexia nervosa, gastric emptying of a semisolid meal was significantly slower than in 24 healthy subjects. Slow emptying tended to be associated with low serum potassium, low body weight, and long illness duration. Antral contraction amplitudes were lower than in healthy subjects and failed to increase postcibally, whereas contraction frequency and rhythmicity seemed unaffected. After the gastric prokinetic agent, cisapride, 8 mg intravenously administered double‐blind, emptying was significantly faster than after placebo. The recognition of impaired gastric motility may be important in the management of anorexia nervos

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199203)11:2<163::AID-EAT2260110207>3.0.CO;2-R

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA survey of 369 schoolgirls was conducted in Lahore, Pakistan, using the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT‐26) and Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) in English. Factor analyses of the EAT and BSQ supported their cross‐cultural validity in these English medium schools. Girls who scored highly on either questionnaire were invited for interview. One girl met DSM‐/I/‐R criteria for bulimia nervosa and there were five subjects with partial syndrome bulimia nervosa. No girls suffered from anorexia nervosa. There was some evidence that the most ‘Westernized’ girls were at greatest risk of developing an eating disorder. Comparison is made with a survey con‐ ducted by the authors among Asian schoolgirls in Bradford, UK. The results are discussed in the light of previous claims that eating disorders should be regarded as ‘culture

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199203)11:2<173::AID-EAT2260110208>3.0.CO;2-L

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractCytofluorometric studies, using monoclonal antibodies directed against surface antigens of mononuclear blood cells, were conducted in 10 patients with anorexia nervosa, 12 patients with bulimia nervosa, and in 9 healthy, age matched controls. While total leukocytes were not different between groups, the number of lymphocytes was significantly reduced in anorectic but not in bulimic patients. The number of T‐ but not of B‐lymphocytes and monocytes/macrophages was diminished. All T‐cell populations (helper/inducer = CD4); suppressor/cytotoxic = CD8) and CD57 positive natural killer (NK) cells were reduced in anorexia nervosa. This effect is probably caused by increased glucocorticoid secr

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199203)11:2<185::AID-EAT2260110209>3.0.CO;2-D

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199203)11:2<::AID-EAT2260110201>3.0.CO;2-H

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY