摘要:

AbstractRapid change in the organization and financing of health care has created a bewildering and threatening climate for psychotherapists. Fearful of exclusion from preferred provider and health maintenance organizations, and aware that patient advocacy is interpreted as antagonism to these organizations' goals, many therapists have fallen silent, acquiescing to practices they do not support. Crystallization of these practices into policy and law is now imminent. It is crucial that therapists reclaim their authority, speaking out on behalf of current and future patients as well as the concealed constituency of historically disenfranchised persons for whom psychotherapy has provided a voice. © 1993 by John Wiley&Sons, Inc

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199312)14:4<387::AID-EAT2260140402>3.0.CO;2-9

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to assess the relationship of eating disorders to personality disorders. Two hundred subjects were independently administered the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM‐III‐R (SCID) and the Personality Disorder Examination (PDE) face‐to‐face by two experienced clinicians. One hundred forty‐six also completed the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire‐Revised (PDQ‐R). Rates of personality disorder among patients with and without eating disorders were determined by each of the three instruments. Comorbidity between bulimia nervosa and anorexia nervosa and a conservative estimate of individual Axis II disorders was examined. Eating disorders with and without personality disorders were compared on age at onset and two measures of illness severity. Results indicate that the association, in general, between personality disorders and eating disorders varies by diagnostic method. Bulimia nervosa, however, is associated with borderline personality disorder and anorexia nervosa with avoidant personality disorder. Eating disorders with personality disorders are characterized by chronicity and low levels of functioning compared with eating disorders without personality disorders. © 1993 by John W

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199312)14:4<403::AID-EAT2260140403>3.0.CO;2-X

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractResearch on the relationship between problem drinking and disordered eating in adolescent girls has produced conflicting results. This study examines this relationship using a state‐of‐the‐art inventory for measuring eating disorder symptoms and a standardized inventory for detecting problem drinking among adolescents. Two hundred thirty‐four female high school students (mean age = 15.5 years,) completed the Adolescent Drinking Index and the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire. Girls diagnosed with an eating disorder were twice as likely to be problem drinkers than girls who were not diagnosed with an eating disorder. Regression analysis and comparisons of problem drinkers and non‐problem drinkers point to the central role of body image concerns and dieting in the association of alcoholism and disordered eating among adolescent girls. Prospective studies are needed to explore the mechanisms underlying the links between drive for thinness and problem drinking. © 1993 by John Wiley

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199312)14:4<417::AID-EAT2260140404>3.0.CO;2-N

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn order to examine the eating behavior of individuals with the newly proposed diagnosis, binge eating disorder (BED), standardized meals were served to 20 obese women, 10 with BED and 10 without BED. When asked to binge eat from a multiple‐item array of foods, obese subjects with BED consumed significantly more calories than did obese subjects without BED. Significant differences between the two groups were also found on several of the self‐report measures. © 1993 by John Wiley&Sons,

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199312)14:4<427::AID-EAT2260140405>3.0.CO;2-H

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn the recent literature on eating disorders, little attention is usually given to the possible role played by heightened death fears and anxieties and failed death transcendence in the dynamics of patients who suffer from anorexia and bulimia nervosa. For reasons that remain unclear, early texts and articles in the literature do address death themes, particularly as they are discernible from patients' dreams and nightmares.Thomä's 1967 text Anorexia Nervosa may be interpreted as giving further illustration to this thesis. © 1993 by John Wiley&Sons, In

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199312)14:4<433::AID-EAT2260140406>3.0.CO;2-F

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe prevalence of eating disorders was assessed in a case note study of 105 female patients with obsessive‐compulsive disorder (OCD). A previous history of anorexia nervosa was found in 12 (11%). Patients with a previous history of eating disorders (OCD‐AN) had an earlier onset of OC symptoms than other patients. Among OCD‐AN patients, the anorexia nervosa and obsessive‐compulsive disorders had a similar age of onset. The comorbidity of the two syndromes among females may point to common vulnerability factors. Patients with early onset OCD may be at increased risk of developing eating disorders. The assessment of OCD in young female patients should include a careful check for evidence of eating disorders. © 1993 by John Wiley&S

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199312)14:4<439::AID-EAT2260140407>3.0.CO;2-6

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThree studies are reported that measured body image and mood changes consequent to the consumption of a milkshake that differed in perceived number of calories (high vs. low). The pilot investigation on normal‐weight college females produced an interaction between perceived calorie content (PCC) and time of testing—subjects who received the high‐calorie shake overestimated body size and were more dysphoric at posttest than subjects who received the low calorie shake. Study 2 provided a credibility check that the pilot investigation failed to include and replicated the interaction between PCC and time of testing for size estimation accuracy. The effect was a/so found for an attitudinal measure of body satisfaction, but only a main effect of time eventuated for the mood measure. Study 3 compared subjects who differed on exercise status (runners vs. sedentary controls). In general, runners were less negatively affected by the high‐calorie shake than controls, however, none of the hypothesized three‐way interactions among group, PCC, and time of testing were significant. The findings are discussed in terms of the need to further experimentally investigate factors that affect different aspects of body image. © 1993 by John Wiley

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199312)14:4<445::AID-EAT2260140408>3.0.CO;2-4

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractProblems associated with the inclusion of weight concern as a necessary and defining criterion for the diagnosis of the eating disorders are reviewed. It is proposed that the substitution of the criterion of eating restraint that is overinvested by the subject might have advantages for both clinical classification and for research. © 1993 by John Wiley&Sons, Inc

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199312)14:4<459::AID-EAT2260140409>3.0.CO;2-V

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWe examined fat phobia, defined as a pathological fear of fatness, by‐ constructing the Fat Phobia Scale, determining its reliability and validity, examining correlates of fat phobia, and using a treatment approach designed to decrease fat phobia. Study 1 describes the development of the Fat Phobia Scale, a 50‐item, modified 5‐point semantic differential scale. Subjects (974 females and 117 males) completed the scale; factor analysis yielded six factors. Respondents who are average weight, female, younger, have more than a high school education, or are nonmedical professionals are more likely to have fat phobic attitudes. Study 2 examines fat phobic attitudes of women (N = 40) who had negative feelings about their bodies. Subjects completed the Fat Phobia Scale before and after a treatment approach designed to reduce their feelings of responsibility for fatness. Total scores on the Fat Phobia Scale and scores on all six factors decreased significantly, indicating a decrease in fat phobia. © 1993 by John Wiley&Son

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199312)14:4<467::AID-EAT2260140410>3.0.CO;2-J

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWe observed a direct correlation between aging‐related concerns about the appearance and Drive for Thinness (Eating Disorders Inventory [EDI]), among males (n = 71) (Pearson r =.36, p<.01) and females (n = 102) (Pearson r =.44, p<.01) from a nonclinical sample of shoppers. Among the women there was a direct correlation between the belief that weight loss is associated with youthful looks and both Drive for Thinness (EDI) (Pearson r =.44, p<.01) and Body Dissatisfaction (EDI) (Pearson r =.27, p<.01). Concerns about the cutaneous stigmata of aging, a commonly recognized sign that a person is older, correlated directly with Drive for Thinness (Pearson r =.27, p<.01) and Body Dissatisfaction (Pearson r =.38, p<.01) among the women. These correlations were all obtained after statistically controlling for the effects of age and body mass index. Our empirical observations may have important future implications in the development of eating disorders, as our society continues to place an inordinate value on youthful looks. © 1993 by John Wiley&Sons, I

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199312)14:4<481::AID-EAT2260140411>3.0.CO;2-G

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY