摘要:

AbstractInterrelationships between problems associated with eating and sexual experience were examined in a nonclinic population. The Eating Attitudes Test and a Sexual Events Questionnaire were used with a sample of 130 female undergraduates. The data confirmed the hypothesis that there is a significant association between unwanted sexual experience and eating problems. It is suggested that sexual abuse may act as one of a number of setting conditions for the development of eating problems and that intrafamilial and extrafamilial experiences may differentially affect the type of symptomatology exhibited.

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(198907)8:4<391::AID-EAT2260080402>3.0.CO;2-P

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFull personal, weight, and eating histories were taken of 92 women who entered a treatment study of bulimia nervosa. These findings are reported and compared with those described in other research projects and in large‐scale postal surve

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(198907)8:4<399::AID-EAT2260080403>3.0.CO;2-E

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe present study explored the interrelationship of eating disturbance, emotional separation from mother and father, body satisfaction, and body boundary definiteness. Subjects for the study were undergraduate women recruited from an introductory psychology subject pool on the basis of self‐reports of eating behavior. The results indicate that eating disturbance is associated with less emotional separation from parents, greater body dissatisfaction, and less definite body boundarie

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(198907)8:4<411::AID-EAT2260080404>3.0.CO;2-5

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study investigated the relationship between bulimia nervosa and resting metabolic rate. It was hypothesized that severe levels of bulimia, characterized by purging through self‐induced vomiting as well as restrictive eating patterns, would be associated with a decrease in the rate of energy utilization and thus a lower resting metabolic rate. Forty‐two female subjects participated in the metabolic assessment. Twenty‐six were given the diagnosis of bulimia nervosa, and only those subjects purging through self‐induced vomiting were included. Sixteen nonbulimic women of comparable age, height, and weight were included as a control group. Resting metabolic rate was measured by continuous monitoring of expired oxygen and carbon dioxide fractions by indirect calorimetry via open‐circuit spirometry. Mean values of kilocalories per hour per kilogram were utilized as the dependent variable in the statistical analysis. Bulimic subjects were divided into severe and less severe groups using a median split on the Bulimia Test (BULIT) and compared with normals. Results showed a negative correlation between severity of bulimia, as measured by the BULIT, and resting metabolic rate. It was found that severe bulimics had lower resting metabolic rates than less severe bulimics and normals, who did not differ. These data indicate that severe levels of bulimia are associated with lower resting metabolism, although the correlational nature of the data prohibits a direct causal statement regarding bulimic behavior and its effects on m

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(198907)8:4<417::AID-EAT2260080405>3.0.CO;2-X

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractRecent studies suggest that the α‐2 noradrenergic receptor may be of pathophysiologic importance in depression and possibly eating disorders. To assess this further, we administered 1.3 μ/kg i.v. clonidine to 14 bulimics and 11 controls and measured in blood GH, cortisol, MHPG, VMA, HVA, and cardiovascular responses pre‐ and postperturbation. There were no significant differences between groups in cardiovascular or endocrine responses except for HVA, where baseline levels were higher in controls and demonstrated a greater drop postclonidine than in bulimics. Depressed bulimics responded similarily to nondepressed bulimics. These results are different from those found in depressed patients were there are blunted growth hormone responses to clonidine and differential responses in MHPG, compared with controls, suggesting reduced responsiveness of α‐2 noradrenergic receptors. With regard to noradrenergic receptor responsivity, these data do not support shared biologic abnormalities in depression and bulimia

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(198907)8:4<425::AID-EAT2260080406>3.0.CO;2-T

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMirror confrontation and performance feedback regarding size estimation accuracy were used to treat size perception inaccuracy in college females previously found to overestimate body size. In comparison to contact‐control subjects, who received a general health information discussion, experimental subjects' accuracy improved and changes were maintained at follow‐up (2 weeks). However, accuracy scores for subsamples of both groups were equivalent at an extended follow‐up (8 weeks). The results are discussed with regard to future research and the implications for the treatment of eating diso

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(198907)8:4<437::AID-EAT2260080407>3.0.CO;2-L

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWe describe the design of a random allocation prospective treatment study comparing three modalities of care and a nontreatment control. Problems encountered in the execution of this study are discussed.

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(198907)8:4<445::AID-EAT2260080408>3.0.CO;2-H

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn a study of 540 women residing in Ede, the Netherlands, the relationships between dieting, satisfaction with figure, and sex‐role orientation was researched. Other variables in the study were actual body mass, level of education, anxiety, and negative self‐concept. Degree of sex‐role orientation was found to be significantly related to dieting and satisfaction with one's figure. However, the most striking finding was the high relationship between dieting and satisfaction with one's figure and actual body mass. In contrast to studies on college students, this suggests that, in the present study on community residents, concerns about figure and body weight are not likely to be preludes of epidemics of anorexia or bulimia nervosa. Instead, these concerns are understandable, since they seem based on actual (over)weight for most of the

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(198907)8:4<455::AID-EAT2260080409>3.0.CO;2-B

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn a survey of 32 consecutive outpatients with anorexia nervosa and/or bulimia nervosa, about 9% of patients had elevated serum uric acid levels at the time of their initial assessment. These patients had a history of regular strenuous exercising and prolonged or periodic starvation, in the absence of other potential causes for the hyperuricemia, i.e., dehydration, a purine‐rich diet, recent alcohol use or use of thiazide diuretics. One patient had a history of gout and experienced a relapse of her gouty symptoms in association with resumption of a restrictive dietary pattern and compulsive exercising. Increased net degradation of cellular adenosine triphosphate during strenuous exercising and decreased renal clearance of uric acid during starvation were the most likely causes for the hyperuricemia. The overall significance of this previously unreported finding among eating‐disordered patients is discussed. Monitoring of serum uric acid levels, a relatively inexpensive and easily available test, may prove to be a useful adjunct in the assessment of certain indices of illness severity in eating disord

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(198907)8:4<463::AID-EAT2260080410>3.0.CO;2-#

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThirty women of normal weight with a DSM‐III‐R diagnosis of bulimia nervosa who were involved in a drug treatment study were divided into two groups. The division into groups was based on criteria for personality disorder (personality disorder, PD, n = 14; no personality disorder, NPD, n = 16). The groups were assessed on cognitive, psychological, psychiatric, and physiological measures. Compared with the NPD group, the PD group was significantly more likely to have a history of major depression and suicide attempts. The PD group had higher lifetime maximum and minimum body mass indices. Eating Disorder inventory (EDI) total score was significantly higher (more severe) among the PD group. EDI subscales Drive for Thinness, Body Dissatisfaction, Ineffectiveness, and Personal Distress were significantly elevated for the PD group. These findings support cognitive, psychological, psychiatric, and physiological differences between bulimics with and without personality disor

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(198907)8:4<473::AID-EAT2260080411>3.0.CO;2-U

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY