摘要:

AbstractThis study was designed to compare personality disorders in restricting and bulimic anorexics. Thirty patients fulfilled DSM‐III criteria for anorexia nervosa and 38 patients fulfilled, in addition, DSM‐III criteria for bulimia. Patients were given Axis I and II, DSM‐III diagnoses. They were administered Gunderson's Diagnostic Interview for Borderlines, the MMPI, and the Childhood Events Questionnaire. We find from these different lines of evidence that both restricter and bulimic anorexics requiring hospital treatment equally display a major character pathology. However, there are characterological differences in that bulimics tend to discharge impulses and conflicts through action, similar to their family me

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(198809)7:5<589::AID-EAT2260070502>3.0.CO;2-H

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSince issues of empathy and control seem important in both the etiology and management of eating disorders, we investigated the relationship of parental caring and controlling to bulimia by administering Parker's Parent Bonding Inventory (PBI) to 56 patients with bulimia and 30 normal controls. Depressive symptomatology, a potentially confounding variable, was assessed with the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Parenting style was perceived as being different by bulimics as compared with controls. Bulimics perceived their mothers as significantly less caring, and this difference approached significance for fathers. An analysis of covariance showed no significant effect from depression. These findings support the concept that bulimic patients experience different kinds of parenting experience than normals and this may have etiological and treatment implications.

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(198809)7:5<601::AID-EAT2260070503>3.0.CO;2-8

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study investigated whether level of ego development as explicated by Loevinger is predictive of bulimics' conceptualizations of their disorder. It was hypothesized that Postconformist bulimics exhibit more complex insight into the development, maintenance, and affective experience of their disorder. Forty women with bulimia completed Loevinger's Sentence Completion Test and were interviewed about their perceptions of their illness. Results showed that the sample was well above average in ego level. Perceived causations of bulimia revolved around intense feelings of emotional isolation and shame described as precipitating weight and food problems. Motivations for bulimic behavior included self‐nurturance, relief of self‐restraint, and management of anxiety and shame/anger. The stated hypothesis received moderate support. The significance of psychological isolation in the development of bulimia and the notion of binge‐purge behavior as a coping mechanism for feelings and needs are disc

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(198809)7:5<607::AID-EAT2260070504>3.0.CO;2-#

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe role of subnormal nutrition and subclinical anorexia nervosa as factors associated with menstrual dysfunction in lean females has not been defined. We studied the relationship between elevated scores for the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT) and the Eating Disorders Inventory (EDI) and menstrual dysfunction in 88 predominantly lean female marathon runners, ballet dancers, and fashion models. For analysis, the subjects were categorized according to their weight classification and exercise status into low‐mass nonexercisers, low‐mass exercisers, and moderate‐mass exercisers. Menstrual dysfunction was equally common in all groups (43–55%); the incidence of elevated EAT and EDI scores was high in all groups (15–65%). Elevated EAT test scores, but not body mass or exercise, were associated with menstrual dysfunction (p = 0.009). Subnormal nutrition may be the critical yet unrecognized factor explaining menstrual dysfunction in l

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(198809)7:5<617::AID-EAT2260070505>3.0.CO;2-U

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIt has been suggested that high‐intensity exercise regimens in males bear a resemblance to the features of eating disorders and that male runners may resemble women with anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa with regard to eating and weight attitudes, negative body image, and negative psychological adjustment. Twenty high‐intensity male runners were compared with 20 sedentary‐moderate exercising male controls and 20 women with bulimia nervosa. Compared with the bulimia nervosa subjects, the male runners were not anxious about eating, overly preoccupied with food, excessive in binge‐eating or purging behavior, negatively preoccupied with their weight, intent on losing weight, high on personality traits presumed to underlie eating disorders, nor depressed or low in self‐esteem. The male groups of high‐intensity runners and controls were not significantly different on any measure. These results suggest that high‐intensity exercising in males is not analogous to anorexia nervosa and bu

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(198809)7:5<625::AID-EAT2260070506>3.0.CO;2-Q

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDuring the past decade much research on eating disorders has been devoted to instrument development. Herman and Polivy's 10‐item Restraint Scale has been the most widely used instrument, but it has both conceptual and psychometric limitations (Ruderman, 1986). To improve the measurement of restraint, and to combine it with the concept of latent obesity, Stunkard and Messick (1982, 1985) used itemselection and factor‐analytic techniques to develop their Eating Inventory (EI). The current paper reports a factor analysis of this instrument on a large sample (N = 442) of relatively unselected, adult women (age 25–40). The results confirm the EI's Dietary Restraint and Perceived Hunger factors. However, the Disinhibition factor split to form two new factors: Weight Lability and Emotional Eating. The Emotional Eating factor may be particularly important because of the growing body of evidence that emotions–perhaps even more than cognitions–affect the eating of obese individuals. The Weight Lability factor was able to differentiate between two obese subgroups, suggesting that it may be useful in research o

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(198809)7:5<635::AID-EAT2260070507>3.0.CO;2-K

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe author's personal experience as a cotherapist in a psychotherapy group with anorexic patients is discussed. There appears to be mounting evidence that group therapy could be an effective adjunctive treatment in anorexia nervosa, and guidelines for setting up a research project to look at this treatment are consequently presented. These guidelines emphasize the need for careful methodology and outcome assessment but also note the difficulty of accurately monitoring any psychotherapy group.

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(198809)7:5<649::AID-EAT2260070508>3.0.CO;2-A

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA retrospective study evaluating the effectiveness of nutritional counseling in the management of patients with bulimia was carried out on 28 consecutive outpatients. They were referred to a clinical nutritionist experienced in the treatment of eating‐disordered patients, whose approach included nutritional and cognitive strategies. The effectiveness was assessed in terms of the reduction in the occurrence of binge eating, self‐induced vomiting, and laxative abuse. Of the 28 patients initially referred, 18 continued in treatment for an average of 9.5 sessions. All patients ceased laxative abuse, and there was a significant reduction in the frequency of binge eating and self‐induced vomiting. The role of the clinical nutritionist in the management of patients with bulimia is disc

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(198809)7:5<657::AID-EAT2260070509>3.0.CO;2-6

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn a single‐case multiple‐baseline design, 4 chronic bulimics had 12 sessions (3 per week) of therapist‐aided cue exposure to food while resisting the temptation to binge that ensued. Two patients improved markedly during treatment. A third patient improved mainly after, not during, treatment. The fourth patient had a strong within‐session response decrement, and showed some improvement by session 9, but then dropped out. These preliminary results warrant a larger controlled trial of cue exposure and response prevention of binging as an adjuvant in the management of

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(198809)7:5<663::AID-EAT2260070510>3.0.CO;2-X

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn the last decade, hypnosis appears to have shown a remarkable revival within psychotherapists' circles. Recently, several authors have reported on the use of hypnotheurapeutic techniques in patients with anorexia nervosa or bulimia. This article reviews the literature and sketches the actual “state of the art.” Although the usefulness of hypnotherapy is only defended by uncritical case reports, some recent research might be promising with respect to the hypothesis of a dissociation state especially in bulimic patie

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(198809)7:5<673::AID-EAT2260070511>3.0.CO;2-R

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY