摘要:

AbstractA review of the anorexia nervosa literature suggests that bulimia as a symptom has been known throughout the past century, but that bulimia as a syndrome is of recent origin, around 1940, when it occurred in connection with anorexia nervosa. Comments indicating concern over body shape are infrequent in case reports before the forties, but afterwards become the rule.It is hypothesized that changes in the cultural and economic conditions, such as the rising prosperity after the Depression Years, promoted an increased concern over body weight and recruited not only more, but also women of a psychologically different composition from the traditional anorexia nervosa patient, into dieting. This situation exposed more females to the risk of developing anorexia nervosa and those with a particular vulnerability, for example a tendency for affective instability, to the risk of developing bulimia nervosa. Similar dynamics might have promoted the unfolding of the bulimia nervosa syndrome in the late fifties and sixties.

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(198321)2:3<3::AID-EAT2260020302>3.0.CO;2-D

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe results of electroencephalographic recordings in a series of twenty‐five patients with bulimia are presented. All patients were studied after sleep deprivation using nasopharyngeal leads. Twenty‐one (84%) of the tracings were normal. The present results, in contrast with some previous reports, indicate that clinically significant EEC abnormalities are infrequent in this group of patie

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(198321)2:3<17::AID-EAT2260020303>3.0.CO;2-Z

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis article is a critical review of the literature pertaining to the syndrome of failure‐to‐thrive w'rth no organic etiology (FTNOE). Following a review of definitions, incidence, criteria for diagnosis, clinical forms, signs and symptoms, five perspectives on the etiology of FTNOE are critiqued. They include: environmental deprivation, maternal deprivation, sensory deprivation, psychosomatic and nutritional. The role of the family with respect to FTNOE is examined next. The main family foci discussed are the functioning of each parent, the relationship between them, mother‐child interaction, and characteristics of the entire family. Where possible, the incidence of key family variables is determined across studies and presented. Treatment approaches are reviewed with particular emphasis on attempts to ameliorate the depriving environment. Follow‐up studies conducted in the hospital and long term follow‐up studies are examined; the latter with particular respect to the effects of FTNOE on cognitive development. Finally, the methodological problems inherent in most of the FTNOE research are discussed and suggestions made for future

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(198321)2:3<25::AID-EAT2260020304>3.0.CO;2-V

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe hypothesis that eating‐disordered patients utilize their bodies as transitional objects is examined, but the evidence does not support this proposition. Instead, these patients reveal a deficit in transitional object relatedness. It is found that these patients have severe deficits in self‐organization and self‐regulation. Much of the symptomology such as starvation, hinging, vomiting, and hyperactivity is better understood as desperate measures to drown out states of overstimulation and/or fragment

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(198321)2:3<51::AID-EAT2260020305>3.0.CO;2-N

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTwenty obese and twenty normal‐weight children participated in the present study which examined the applicability of Singh's deficit in response inhibition theory to preadolescents. The first experiment served as a test of the theory on a food‐related task and as a replication of one of Singh's studies with adults. The results failed to support Singh's findings. The second experiment tested the theory using a nonfood‐related reaction time task and again the results were negative. This suggests that Singh's theory and findings do not apply to children ages 8–12. Since Milich and Fisher (1979) also failed to support Singh's theory using a heterogeneous nonstudent population of obese adults, a revaluation appears ne

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(198321)2:3<61::AID-EAT2260020306>3.0.CO;2-H

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper reports the results of a questionnaire survey administered to 1355 college freshman (98.3% response rate) and to a comparison group of 37 female bulimic patients. Questions were contructed to elicit information which would allow identification of those respondents who would meet DSM‐III requirements for diagnosis of bulimia. 2.1% of the student population (4.5% of females, 0.4% of males) met these modified criteria and the additional criterion of weekly binge‐eating. The identified “bulimic” female students differed from female bulimic patients in their use of fasting instead of self‐induced vomiting for weight control, and in their tendency to be overweight. “Bulimic” female students are also compared with nonbul

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(198321)2:3<75::AID-EAT2260020307>3.0.CO;2-7

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA structural questionnaire was used to determine the opinions of psychiatrists and psychologists regarding various aspects of anorexia nervosa. The results of the survey indicate that both professional groups agreed as to the many signs of anorexia nervosa but differed as to the significance of physical overactivity, anxiety related to food intake, and presence of additional psychological illness. There were more similarities than differences regarding precipitating events and therapeutic treatment of anorexia nervosa.

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(198321)2:3<87::AID-EAT2260020308>3.0.CO;2-#

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA major problem in weight‐reduction programs is that a significant number of individuals terminate treatment prematurely. To help alleviate some of the problems associated with high attrition, it is important to understand the ways in which treatment dropouts are different from those individuals who complete a weight‐reduction program. In the present study 271 obese persons who participated in a Health Maintenance Organization's low‐cost behavioral program were evaluated. At the end of the 12‐session program, dropouts (N = 161) and completers (N = 110) were identified. Treatment dropouts were compared to treatment completers on the following variables: initial weight, percent overweight, age, sex, occupation, education, number of previous attempts to lose weight, plus scores on the eating questionnaires. The major finding was that dropouts did not differ much from completers. The largest difference between these two groups occurred with respect to reported occupations. The completer group contained significantly more women working in the home than the dropout group. Reasons for this finding were hypothesized. To prevent high attrition rates, further research is recommended, particularly on the role of cognitive factors in weight

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(198321)2:3<93::AID-EAT2260020309>3.0.CO;2-Y

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(198321)2:3<101::AID-EAT2260020310>3.0.CO;2-J

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(198321)2:3<103::AID-EAT2260020311>3.0.CO;2-E

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY