摘要:

AbstractThe search for course and outcome predictors in anorexia nervosa has a long but not very successful history. In the present investigation, 32 adults with anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa were studied 1, 2, and 3 years after presentation to a university hospital psychiatric clinic. As predicted, status after 1 year was strikingly poorer for those with less ego strength and more stressful life events (44% variance explained). However, this result was not replicated after 2 and 3 years. Instead, social support was strongly predictive of third year status. Weak but recurring associations with poor follow‐up status were found for binging‐purging and distrust of other people (Eating Disorder Inventory). © 1992 John Wiley&Sons,

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199209)12:2<121::AID-EAT2260120202>3.0.CO;2-Y

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe goal of this pilot follow‐up study was to implement operationally defined criteria to classify outcome status of female patients with a DSM‐111‐R diagnosis of bulimia nervosa 2 years after completion of an intensive group treatment program (N = 43). Specifically, the importance of abstinence from bulimic behaviors as a marker of well‐being was investigated. Repeated measures analysis of variance revealed that across most measures of psychopathology, scores for patients who were totally abstinent of hinging and purging were found to be significantly lower than even mildly symptomatic patients (p<.05). A secondary goal of the study was to extend the results of an earlier evaluation of the treatment program by reporting posttreatment results on a larger sample of bulimic patients (N = 86). Overall, the results suggest that a behavioral criterion of abstinence from hinging and purging is critical for the assessment of treatment response and long‐term outcome status in bulimia nervosa. © 1992 John Wiley

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199209)12:2<133::AID-EAT2260120203>3.0.CO;2-Q

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractScores from structured clinical interviews for DSM‐III‐R eating and mood disorders were compared across groups of high school girls who, on self‐report, had indicated: (a) eating/ weight concerns and depression (n = 31), (b) eating/weight concerns without depression (n = 54), and (c) neither set of concerns (n = 75). Few girls had full eating disorders, however, clinical signs of anorexia and bulimia nervosa were often detected upon interview, largely in the group reporting concurrent eating and mood problems. Girls reporting eating concerns alone showed no larger number of clinical symptoms than did girls reporting low eating concerns. Results suggested that the isolation of cases at‐risk of clinical‐spectrum eating disturbances can be parsimoniously enhanced by complementing self‐report measures of eating attitudes and behaviors with a measure of concurrent depression. © 1992 John Wil

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199209)12:2<143::AID-EAT2260120204>3.0.CO;2-K

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study examined the predictors of dieting, extreme weight loss behaviors, and binge eating in adolescents (606 females and 315 males). High school classes were administered measures of weight loss behaviors, binge eating, perceived current and ideal body size, body dissatisfaction, advantages of being thinner and physically fitter, satisfaction with fitness, depression, self‐esteem, parental overprotection, parental caring, and family adaptability and cohesion. Principal component analyses grouped predictor (body image, psychosocial) and criterion (weight loss behaviors, binge eating) variables. The primary predictor of weight loss behaviors in both sexes and binge eating in girls was the desire to be thinner which included a larger current body size. Psychological and family variables played lesser roles but were significantly predictive in a number of cases. Sex differences in factor structures and important predictors emerged. © 1992 John Wiley&Sons, I

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199209)12:2<151::AID-EAT2260120205>3.0.CO;2-G

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study examined eating regulation among obese persons who applied for weight loss treatment. A forced‐preload paradigm was utilized to test (a) whether obese individuals seeking treatment engage in counterregulatory eating and (b) whether restraint, binge eating severity, or body image disparagement moderate the effects of preloads on eating. The results in a sample of 72 clinically overweight women indicated that obese persons seeking weight loss treatment did indeed display counterregulatory eating behavior. When treated as continuous variables, none of the moderator variables interacted with preload status to influence eating in the expected direction. However, when subjects were divided into binge and nonbinge eaters, binge status moderated the effect of preloads on eating. © 1992 by John Wiley&Sons, I

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199209)12:2<161::AID-EAT2260120206>3.0.CO;2-A

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBulimia nervosa is an eating disorder characterized by episodes of binge eating and various attempts to counteract the effect of the ingested calories. Relatively little is known about the metabolic adaptation to this nutritional chaos. The baseline metabolic state of 12 bulimic women was compared with 9 healthy matched controls; evidence of decreased insulin secretion in terms of low plasma c‐peptide levels in bulimics is reported. This is discussed in the context of normal plasma insulin levels as a reflection of both abnormality and adaptation. © 1992 John Wiley&Sons, I

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199209)12:2<171::AID-EAT2260120207>3.0.CO;2-4

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWe have reviewed studies reporting biochemical abnormalities consequent upon anorexia nervosa (AN). Hitherto, these reports have lacked any coherent synthesis in the account of how such abnormalities arise. The paper firstly addresses electrolyte imbalances, changes in underlying physiology, and the clinical consequences if such abnormalities are not recognized. Mechanisms contributing to changes in renal function are discussed. The use of alternative energy sources for the Krebs' cycle is considered in the context of catabolic processes occurring in the AN subject. Liver function, and protein and fat metabolism are considered in this context. Comparisons with the catabolism of starvation and the processes found in dietary‐deficient forms of malnutrition are made. The AN subject has many features in common with the state of marasmus. The implications of chronic dietary abnormalities in activating rarely exploited metabolic pathways are considered and well recognized findings, for example hypercarotinemia, are explained through such processes. Evidence for specific trace element and vitamin deficiencies are also reviewed. © 1992 John Wiley&Sons, I

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199209)12:2<179::AID-EAT2260120208>3.0.CO;2-U

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTwo studies of height in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) are presented. The first used the measured heights of 338 patients seen by a specialist AN service. The second examined the self‐reported heights of 309 subjects with probably AN from data collected on the members of a self‐help organization for suffers from eating disorders. In both studies comparisons were made within the samples and to general population samples (with allowances for sex, age, and social class). In neither study was any patient sample significantly shorter than its control sample. However, both studies found relative tallness in anorectic subjects who had made at least some recovery from their illnesses. Three hypotheses are proposed to ex‐ plain this finding. One proposes that a propensity to tallness predisposes to AN. This propensity may sometimes have become one source of the personal sensitivity about growth and appearance within adolescence, promoting the characteristic dietary restriction. © 1992 John Wiley&Son

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199209)12:2<195::AID-EAT2260120209>3.0.CO;2-P

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper reports the results of a questionnaire survey administered to 509 Chinese college freshman (108 males, 401 females), in Chongqing and Shanghai. The response rate was 700%. Questions were constructed to elicit information which would allow identification of those respondents who would meet domestic (Chinese), DSM‐III and DSM‐III‐R requirements for anorexia nervosa and bulimia. 1.1 % of the student population (1.7 % of females) met domestic and DSM‐Ill‐R for bulimia and I .3% of the student population (1.8% of males 1.2% of females) met DSM‐Ill criteria for bulimia; however, none were binge eating and purging on a regular basis and none met diagnostic criteria for anorexia nervosa. © 1992 by /John Wil

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199209)12:2<209::AID-EAT2260120210>3.0.CO;2-#

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA survey investigating the current status of treatment for anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa was distributed at the International Conference on Eating Disorders in 7988 and again in 1990. Respondents answered questions regarding treatments they had endorsed for their last patient with anorexia nervosa and for bulimia nervosa. One hundred and seven medical doctors and psychologists completed the survey in 1988 and 115 in 1990. The results indicate that: (1) less than 50% of the respondents believe there is a consensus regarding the treatment of eating disorders; (2) talking therapy is overwhelmingly endorsed for the treatment of both anorexia and bulimia nervosa; (3)there is a trend in clinical practice towards using drug therapy more frequently in treating patients with bulimia nervosa than in treating patients with anorexia nervosa; (4)physicians are more likely than psychologists to endorse drug therapy when treating patients with anorexia and for bulimia nervosa; and (5) about one third of the respondents endorse drug therapy for treating anorexia nervosa. © 1992 John Wiley&Sons, Inc

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199209)12:2<215::AID-EAT2260120211>3.0.CO;2-Y

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY