摘要:

AbstractA major clinical and prognostic study of anorexia nervosa in male subjects is being carried out at the Professorial Psychiatric Unit, St. George's Hospital, London. A preliminary description of a number of clinical features is given. The male patients display the classical syndrome of anorexia nervosa and earlier doubts as to the condition's occurence in the male are laid to rest.Contrary to some earlier suggestions, from this study, the condition does not appear to have an earlier onset than it does in the female. Mean onset for our subjects was 17 years 2 months and age at presentation was 20 years 7 months. Duration of illness at presentation varied widely, with a mean of 3 years 5 months. Weight loss for this study population had a mean of 32.5%. At 73.4%, MPMW and mean weight at presentation were somewhat higher than for a comparable female group. The advisability of DSM‐III's rigid diagnostic criteria in this issue is questioned. While bulimia and vomiting were recorded marginally less often than in females, overactivity was more frequent. Loss of libido was marked during illness and few patients objected to this. Some possible explanations of the absence of ambivalence to this feature of the illness are discusse

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(198322)2:4<5::AID-EAT2260020402>3.0.CO;2-6

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPsychological traits of patients with anorexia nervosa were compared with those of weight‐preoccupied women from samples of college and ballet students. Weight‐preoccupied subjects were selected on the basis of extreme scores on the Drive for Thinness subscale on the Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI). Results indicated that on the Ineffectiveness, Interpersonal Distrust, and lack of Interoceptive Awareness subscales, relatively few of the weight‐preoccupied women from the nonclinical group scored above the anorexia nervosa median. Using cluster analysis procedures, the weight‐preoccupied women were divided into two subgroups. Cluster 1 was characterized by elevated scores on all EDI subscales, indicating significant psychopathology. Cluster 2 had elevated scores only on Drive for Thinness, Body Dissatisfaction, and Perfectionism and could be described as “normal dieters.” These findings were interpreted as indicating that although there are some highly weight‐preoccupied females who display psychopathology quite similar to anorexia nervosa, others only superficially resemble patients suffering from serious eating disorders. These results underscore the importance of a multidimensional evaluation of psychopathology in those suspected of ano

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(198322)2:4<11::AID-EAT2260020403>3.0.CO;2-W

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractInvestigations in the past ten years have provided demographic, clinical, and physiological data in the field of eating disorders. Classification of the eating disorders at present varies from country to country and from investigator to investigator. This article discusses the controversies and problems in the current state of classification of the eating disorders.

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(198322)2:4<21::AID-EAT2260020404>3.0.CO;2-Q

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractEarly recognition and intervention of anorexia nervosa raises questions of whether anorexia nervosa is a distinct disease entity, fundamentally different from other, including milder, forms of the illness and whether fundamental differences precede the anorectic behavior and associated weight loss. The present study, aimed at finding answers to the first question, examined the anorectic and psychological characteristics of patients with anorexia nervosa, secondary amenorrhea, and asymptomatic, healthy subjects. Results indicate that the anorectic characteristics are significant, but gradually different among the groups. Certain psychological characteristics, such as the achievement motive and approval motive, are commonly found in the secondary amenorrhea group and less commonly in the asymptomatic, healthy group.Fundamental differences between the anorexia nervosa group and the secondary amenorrhea and asymptomatic groups were found in the motive fear of failure. The findings seem to support the proposition that while the anorectic symptomatology may show gradual differences, some underlying personality characteristics are fundamentally different.

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(198322)2:4<27::AID-EAT2260020405>3.0.CO;2-H

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(198322)2:4<38::AID-EAT2260020406>3.0.CO;2-A

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBasic to every diagnosis is general agreement on the criteria on which it is founded. The criteria must be logical and discriminating to the disorder under discussion. The two sets of criteria most in use for anorexia nervosa are those of Feighner et al. (1972) and DSM‐III (American Psychiatric Association, 1980). The subitems of both these are criticized for their lack of coherence, logic, and relevance, especially concerning the magnitude of weight loss and age limits. A new set of criteria is proposed based on intentional dieting, early amenorrhea, avoidance of sexuality, and disturbance in body imag

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(198322)2:4<39::AID-EAT2260020407>3.0.CO;2-6

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(198322)2:4<44::AID-EAT2260020408>3.0.CO;2-5

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractEighty‐one girls suffering from anorexia nervosa and 288 control school girls filled in a questionnaire including 48 questions to assess their weight and their height, how they perceived their body size and experienced their body, their eating behavior, and some attitudes toward menstruation, pregnancy, and sexuality. The answers of these two groups were compared using the chi‐square test.Specific problems of weight, body size, and eating disorders were frequent in the control group, but they were significantly more frequent in the anorexia nervosa group. The difference was particularly significant for the following points: difficulties with perceiving their body size, overestimation of body size, fear of gaining weight, fear of having a normal weight, and guilt after food intake. The attitude toward menstruation and the desire to have children were the same in both groups. The proportion of girls in whom pregnancy and sexuality induced fear or disgust was significantly higher in the anorexia nervosa group, although these attitudes only concern a minority of the patients. This study confirms that the tendency to overestimate body size, the fear of gaining weight, and the conflict about eating are important mechanisms in anorexia nervosa. Moreover, this study shows that anorexia nervosa does not signify the rejection of a sexually attractive and menstruating female body in every c

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(198322)2:4<45::AID-EAT2260020409>3.0.CO;2-1

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(198322)2:4<60::AID-EAT2260020410>3.0.CO;2-Q

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractRecent studies of American college students suggest that the syndrome bulimia is common and that individual elements of the condition are even more widespread. In Britain, two community‐based studies of the related syndrome bulimia nervosa have been reported. In the first, 499 women who fulfilled diagnostic criteria for bulimia nervosa were identified with the help of a women's magazine. These women closely resembled bulimia nervosa patients attending psychiatric hospitals. Although more than half reported that they wanted medical help, less than one‐third had discussed their eating difficulties with a doctor and only 2.5% were currently receiving treatment. The second study investigated the eating habits and attitudes of 369 attenders at a family planning clinic. Of these, 20.9% reported current episodes of “binge‐eating”; 2.9% currently used vomiting as a means of weight control; and 1.9% fulfilled diagnostic criteria for bulimia nervosa. Comparison of the two samples indicates that people with bulimia nervosa are prone to have been both overweight and underweight in the past. They also have more disturbed attitudes toward food, eating, body weight, and body shape and a considerably higher degree of psychological disturbance. These studies suggest that bulimia nervosa constitutes a significant undetected source of psychiatric morbidity. The service implications of these findings have yet to be

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(198322)2:4<61::AID-EAT2260020411>3.0.CO;2-M

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY