摘要:

AbstractPresence of DSM‐III‐R personality disorders was examined in 67 women with eating disorders (anorexic restricters, anorexic bingers, and bulimics with or without a prior history of anorexia nervosa) and in 25 noneating—disordered women. Additional measures of family functioning were available in 55 of the eating disorders (EDs) and 24 controls. Personality and family disturbances (as measured by the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire‐Revised and the Family Assessment Device) were prevalent among the EDs, but “restricter/binger” differences were not indicated on either measure. Hence results did not support a “restricter/binger dichotomy” concept. They also questioned the degree to which personality problems in ED patients may be consequences of eating disturbances, since severity of personality disorder, while related to reported family dysfunction, was unrelated to severity of

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199109)10:5<501::AID-EAT2260100502>3.0.CO;2-Z

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThree alternative causal hypotheses have been proposed concerning the relationship between mood and eating disturbances: (1) mood disturbances in eating disorders are consequences of eating abnormalities; (2) eating abnormalities are consequences of underlying mood disturbances; (3) mood and eating disturbances are not causally related but are both effects of some other set of common causes or “third variables.” The present study used a cross‐lagged panel design to examine these competing causal hypotheses concerning mood and eating symptoms in a nonclinical population. High‐school girls, 543, ranging in age from 13 to 17, were tested twice (across a 6‐month interval) for depressive symptoms and eating abnormalities. Autocorrelations indicated that mood and eating disturbances were quite stable over the 6‐month period (.71 for mood and .72 for eating). Synchronous correlations revealed a moderate but stable association between mood and eating disturbances (.41 for Time 1 and .42 for Time 2). Comparison of cross‐lagged correlations from mood to eating pathology (.34) and from eating to mood disturbances (.35), however, indicated no predominant causal sequence between these two variables. Implications of these findings w

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199109)10:5<513::AID-EAT2260100503>3.0.CO;2-R

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFifteen anorexia nervosa patients were evaluated on hospitalization at their lowest weights; 10 were restudied after 25% of their weight deficit had been restored and five at 75% weight restoration. Cardiac function improved with weight gain, but different aspects of cardiac performance varied in their course of recovery. Restoration of normal cardiac rhythm occurred early in weight gain. Left ventricular mass index assessed by echocardiogram increased significantly by 25% weight restoration, while other echocardiographic abnormalities, including mitral valve prolapse, did not change markedly during weight recovery. Overall functional exercise capacity improved, but not until 75% of weight restoration. Consistent with the concept that systolic function lags in recovery, resting left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) actually demonstrated a trend to decline by the time 25% of the weight deficit was restored.

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199109)10:5<521::AID-EAT2260100504>3.0.CO;2-N

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe prevalence of echocardiographic mitral valve prolapse (MVP) and arrhythmias was studied in controls (n = 23) and patients with panic disorder (n = 14), bulimia nervosa (n = 14), and anorexia nervosa (n = 21). There was approximately twice the rate of MVP in patient groups compared to controls, a statistically insignificant difference. Importantly, the presence of prolapse was not associated with measures of weight or depression but there was a trend for MVP to be associated with anxiety disorder in bulimic patients. There were no significant arrhythmias found. These results raise the possibility that MVP may not be a state weight‐related phenomenon as has been proported, but rather a trait phenomenon reflecting comorbidity with anxiety disorde

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199109)10:5<531::AID-EAT2260100505>3.0.CO;2-H

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractL‐tryptophan administration did not affect food intake or premeal ratings of hunger, satiety, sweet craving, or starch craving, during test meals in 13 depressed inpatients before, and 2 weeks after beginning treatment with desipramine (DMI), or in nine age‐matched normal subjects. Partial recovery from depression and/or treatment with DMI for 2 weeks were not associated with a significant change in body weight or food intake. The implications and limitations of these findings with respect to antidepressant‐induced weight gain are disc

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199109)10:5<539::AID-EAT2260100506>3.0.CO;2-6

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA self‐report questionnaire was devised to assess cognitive distortions of a general depressogenic nature and ones specifically related to concerns about food, eating, shape, and weight. This questionnaire was administered to three groups: those established by interview to experience bulimic episodes, those reporting bulimic episodes on a self‐report questionnaire (but not confirmed by interview), and controls. The group definitely experiencing bulimic episodes was found to differ from the others in terms of the extent of personalization, overgeneralization, catastrophization, and selective abstraction in relation to themes concerning food, eating, shape, and weight. This difference remained when the effect of more general depressogenic distortions was removed statistica

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199109)10:5<547::AID-EAT2260100507>3.0.CO;2-2

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractOne of the DSM‐III‐R criteria for bulimia nervosa is a minimum binge frequency of twice a week for 3 months. We classified eating disorder patients according to different binge eating and purging frequencies and examined their concurrent and predictive validity. Frequency of purging, but not binge eating, was related to general measures of psychopathology. Neither was related to posttreatment outcome. High SCL‐90 scores at pretreatment were associated with poor ou

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199109)10:5<557::AID-EAT2260100508>3.0.CO;2-X

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper analyses some data on the eating habits and weight variations in the student population of the University of Geneva, Switzerland. Of the 11,800 questionnaires sent out, 4200 were returned within 2 months. Among those students who responded, 52.1% of the women and 37.4% of the men desire a weight change. For 80.9% of the respondents, a weight loss is desirable. At least one method of weight control is used by 9.8% of the men and by 22.9% of the women. Previous use of methods of weight control were indicated by 16.7% of the men and 49.2% of the women. The prevalence of bulimia can be estimated at 4% among women and 0.7% among men.

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199109)10:5<563::AID-EAT2260100509>3.0.CO;2-V

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe Structured Interview for Anorexia and Bulimia Nervosa (SIAB) was developed as a semi‐standardized interview for reliable and valid assessment of specific as well as general psychopathology and of family interaction and pathology in eating disorders. Principal components analyses (PCA) with varimax rotation produced the following six components for the psychopathology scale (SIAB‐P): (1) body‐image and ideal of slimness; (2) social integration and sexuality; (3) depression; (4) compulsion and anxiety; (5) bulimic symptoms, and (6) laxative abuse. The family interaction and pathology scale (SIAB‐FAM) produced the four components: (1) parental marital dissatisfaction; (2) achievement orientation and performance expectancy; (3) rigidity and disturbed family interactions; and (4) family closeness and enmeshment. High interrater reliability and high internal consistency where established for the present (Cronbach's alpha = 0.93) and for the past symptom expression in the SIAB‐psychopathology scale and the SIAB‐FAM. The alpha coefficients indicated a satisfactory degree of internal consistency also for each subscale of the SIAB‐P and the SIAB‐FAM. Results of the principle components analyses with rotation are presented for 346 eating‐disordered patients and 111 healthy community controls. For the purpose of validation, correlations with subscales of a self‐rating scale for eating disorders [Anorexia Nervosa Inventory for Self‐rating (ANIS)] and an interview for eating disorders [Eating Disorder Examination (EDE)]are presented. DSM‐III‐R and ICD 10 diagnoses for eating disorders can be directl

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199109)10:5<571::AID-EAT2260100510>3.0.CO;2-J

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractResearchers have suggested a possible association between trichotillomania and bulimia nervosa. This study utilized a questionnaire to compare the prevalence of trichotillomania, other habits, self‐injurious behaviors, and other impulse control behaviors in 65 subjects with bulimia nervosa and 40 controls. There was no difference in the prevalence of trichotillomania between the two populations. There was a trend towards a higher prevalence of compulsive stealing in subjects with bulimia nervos

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199109)10:5<593::AID-EAT2260100511>3.0.CO;2-8

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY