摘要:

AbstractThis article extends our previous report on 30 women with bulimia nervosa by increasing the duration of follow‐up to 35–42 months. We found surprisingly low rates of recovery and very high rates of chronicity, relapse, recurrence, and psychosocial morbidity. Almost one third of the subjects remained in the index episode 3 years after entry into the study. There was a 63% cumulative probability of relapse by 78 weeks after recovery. Fifty percent of subjects who recovered from the first prospective episode relapsed into another episode. Predictors of recovery included having less disturbed eating behaviors and self/body image at intake and having several good frie

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199207)12:1<1::AID-EAT2260120102>3.0.CO;2-E

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe study of the sexual behavior of 42 anorexic female patients, with the classification of them as “typical” or “atypical,” and the comparison with a control group, has demonstrated the existence of significant differences between both groups. In the present article such differences are expounded and their possible relation to the underlying psychopathological structure of each of the forms is discussed. In the authors' opinion, the results obtained confirm the clinical validity of the division between full‐blown and atypical forms of anorexi

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199207)12:1<11::AID-EAT2260120103>3.0.CO;2-3

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSeveral investigators have documented that depressive and anxiety disorders are frequently present in individuals with eating disorders. This study reports on three aspects of the relationship between depressive and anxiety disorders in eating disorder patients. Eating‐disordered subjects, as a group, were not significantly different in their lifetime or concurrent rates of depressive or anxiety disorders, although anorectics were characterized by significantly more frequent lifetime rates of depressive than anxiety disorders. Bulimic‐anorectics were significantly more likely than bulimics to co‐present with a major depressive disorder. There were no significant group differences in the concurrent rates of anxiety disorders between bulimic, anorectic, and bulimic‐anorectic subjects. Bulimic‐anorectics, however, were significantly more likely than anorectic subjects to qualify for obsessive‐compulsive disorder at some point in their lifetime. Thus, with regard to Axis I co‐morbidity, bulimic‐anorectics would appear to be the most pathological of the eating dis

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199207)12:1<21::AID-EAT2260120104>3.0.CO;2-Y

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper presents age of onset data for anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, derived from a sample of 323 patients referred to a tertiary referral center. Patients had anorexia nervosa (n = 39), bulimia nervosa (n = 173), or bulimia nervosa with a history of anorexia nervosa (n = 173). While the pattern of onset of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa is similar up to age 25, there is a significant excess of new cases of anorexia nervosa beyond this point. Significantly, age of onset was constant for both anorexia nervosa and bulimia regardless of whether they occurred in isolation (anorexia or bulimia alone) or in concert in the same individual (bulimia with a history of anorexia nervosa).

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199207)12:1<31::AID-EAT2260120105>3.0.CO;2-S

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe studies reported here describe the effects of intravenous (IV) administration of the synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone (DEX) on certain neuroendocrine and immunological measures in hypercortisoiemic patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) and with bulimia nervosa (BN). The results demonstrate that failure to suppress cortisol levels after DEX administration in patients with AN is associated with failure to reduce the level of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), the ratio of CD4‐to‐CD8 lymphocytes, the percent and number of circulating CD4 lymphocytes, and the percent and number of virgin CD4 cells (CD4+CD45RA+). Administration of DEX to patients with BN suppressed plasma ACTH and cortisol levels, reduced the CD4/CD8 ratio and the percent and number of CD4 and of CD4 + CD45RA+ lymphocytes, and increased the percent and number of circulating CD8 lymphocytes. Administration of DEX failed to alter other immune measures in either patient population, including circulating populations of B and natural killer cells, the proliferative response to T‐cell mitogen, and the number of glucocorticoid receptors in circulating lympho

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199207)12:1<37::AID-EAT2260120106>3.0.CO;2-J

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe eating disorder, anorexia nervosa, like other forms of starvation, has been associated with an increased risk and severity of infectious diseases. However, there is conflicting evidence about the true risk of infection in anorectic patients. Indeed, some anorectics appear to be less susceptible to minor viral illnesses, possibly analagous to the attenuation of viral infections observed in protein‐starved mice. Leukopenia and neutrophil dysfunction, including abnormal chemotaxis and depressed microbicidal activity, have been well documented in some anorectic patients. Abnormalities of the complement system and impaired immunoglobulin synthesis have also been reported. Patients with severe anorexia nervosa are often anergic to skin testing but other abnormalities in cell‐mediated immune function have been difficult to document. Increased spontaneous tumor necrosis factor (TNF) production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells and lower cell‐mediated cytotoxicity have been reported in patients with anorexia nervosa. Further studies are needed to define the true risk of infection in anorexia nervosa and to clarify the types and extent of immune system abnormalities in this patient popul

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199207)12:1<47::AID-EAT2260120107>3.0.CO;2-D

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWe found, after excluding core anorexic symptoms (disturbances of body image, feeding, and exercise), that anorexcics had significantly elevated scores on the Yale‐Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y‐BOCS) compared to matched healthy volunteer women. We found that 19 unmedicated anorexic patients had a score of 22 ± 5 on the Y‐BOCS, similar in magnitude to the score reported for patients with obsessive‐compulsive disorder (OCD). As a group, anorexic patients had 10 ± 5 (mean ± SD) of the types of obsessions and compulsions commonly found in patients with OCD. This study supports other studies suggesting that anorexia nervosa may have a relations

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199207)12:1<57::AID-EAT2260120108>3.0.CO;2-7

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe prevalence of DSM‐III‐R Axis I psychiatric disorders was investigated in a sample of 54 obese patients at the time of presentation for weight reduction treatment. Patients were interviewed using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM‐III‐R Axis I diagnosis (SCID‐I) designed to probe for the major Axis I syndromes. High rates of affective disorders, particularly those with depressive symptomatology, were found. Twenty‐six percent of patients were in the midst of a current Axis I affective disorder at the time of examination. Forty‐eight percent had a history of affective disorder, and 57% had at least one lifetime Axis I diagnosis. Only one patient met criteria for an Axis I eating disorder. Patients with psychiatric diagnoses could not be discriminated from those without on the basis of Body Mass Index. However, the former had significantly more impairment as measured by the Beck Depression Inventory and the Global Assessment of Functioning. These findings may have implications for the assessment and treatment of obese patients in clinical and rese

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199207)12:1<63::AID-EAT2260120109>3.0.CO;2-5

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA secondary analysis of data from a survey of physical and mental health in the general population was conducted in order to identify sociodemographic and psychological correlates of actual and desired weight insufficiency. In multiple logistic regression analyses, characteristics of respondents whose actual weight, desired weight, or both was insufficient according to Body Mass Index categories were compared to characteristics of respondents whose actual or desired weight was sufficient. Results showed a strong resemblance between weight insufficiency and pre‐clinical eating disorders: those of insufficient actual and/or desired weight tended to be younger, female, and to manifest considerable psychological distress, as measured by the Psychiatric Symptom Index and a General Well‐Being Schedule. Desired weight insufficiency was more important in this pattern than was actual weight, as those whose current weight was sufficient but who desired an insufficient weight had greater distress and suicidal ideation and attempts. These results, along with the high prevalence of both desired and actual weight insufficiency, underscore the importance of underweight as a public health prob

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199207)12:1<73::AID-EAT2260120110>3.0.CO;2-S

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTwo semantic differentials for the assessment of body‐image and the perception of personality are presented. In addition to the utility and economy of the two measures, discriminant validity was verified by showing that there was a highly significant difference in the profiles of anorectic patients and controls. Factor analyses showed very similar dimensions in both samples and resulted in four internally consistent scales. These scales were also sensitive to changes in body‐image and the perception of personality during inpatient treatment of adolescent anorectic patients and were used to evaluate these chan

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199207)12:1<83::AID-EAT2260120111>3.0.CO;2-M

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY