摘要:

AbstractAn essential means to upgrade network reliability is to prepare several substitutable paths between two vertices. We idealize the substitutability in a narrow sense. We will study the mutual relationship between a bundle of shortest paths between any two vertices, and a third vertex from the viewpoint of path multiplicity in case there are some shortest paths between any two vertices. Initially, we will extend a concept of the cutting number, which represents a mutual relationship between a path of any pair of vertices and a third vertex in a tree graph. Then we will generalize it as the intersection function in any graph. Afterward, we will introduce conditions of decreasing this intersection function by inserting edges into the graph. Further, we will demonstrate the main features of this intersection function based upon the conditions. They can provide a new definition of the center in graphs with regard to reliability. We will extend the concept of the intersection function to an edge intersection function.

ISSN:8756-6621    

DOI:10.1002/ecja.4410631102

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe circuit composed of alternatively cascaded resistors and unit elements is the most fundamental among distributed‐parameter circuits containing resistors. The necessary and sufficient conditions for realization of the driving point immittance in which element parameters satisfy given relations have been reported. As for R (resistor)‐terminated circuits composed of alternatively cascaded n resistors Rj's and characteristic impedances Zj's, there are three types of circuit configurations: 1) R1>Z1, Rν+1>Zν+ Zν+1, R>Zn, 2) R1= Z1, R̄ν+1= Zν+ Zν+1, R = Zn; 3) R1

ISSN:8756-6621    

DOI:10.1002/ecja.4410631103

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe first half of this paper discusses the stability of the zero solution (equilibrium point) of the time‐invariant nonlinear active network. The stability of the zero solution depends on eigenvalues of equilibrium points of the matrix K which is determined by resistance matrix and connection matrix. The matrix K is expressed explicitly in terms of the resistance matrix R and connection matrix Q. Therefore the stability of the zero solution is determined by the connection method and the properties of the resistance. The second half discusses the global behavior and conclusions similar to those in the first half are derived except such additional condition that capacitance and inductance are linear and resistance is nonlinear. The actual passivity of the network can readily be examined by this metho

ISSN:8756-6621    

DOI:10.1002/ecja.4410631104

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAmong various nonuniform distributed‐parameter transmission lines, the exponential line and binomial line can be analyzed by obtaining the rigorous solutions of the telegraph equation. The exponential line in which the line parameters change exponentially has been studied in the past, but the binomial line has not yet been studied systematically because the rigorous solutions for the voltage and current distributions differ depending on the characteristic impedance. In this paper, the rigorous solution of the telegraph equation for 2nth‐order binomial lines is derived and its equivalent circuit is constructed by a cascade connection of uniform distributed‐parameter lines, lumped reactance elements and ideal transformers. Further, the binomial line is made equivalent to the exponential line by equating the characteristic impedances of both lines at the input and output terminals and by letting the order n of the binomial line be infinite. Finally, as an application example, the high‐pass filter consisting of the series lumped capacitance and uniform distributed‐parameter line is constructed by the quadratic binomial lines and series lumped cap

ISSN:8756-6621    

DOI:10.1002/ecja.4410631105

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe LC simulation‐type active RC filter has a lower element sensitivity than the cascade active RC filter. This paper proposes a method of realizing the LC simulation type active RC filter which is suitable for the bandpass filter with finite number of poles. The resistor is converted to a parallel circuit of ‐L, ‐C and ‐R by the frequency‐dependent NIC composed of two resistances, two capacitances and one op‐amp. Then the LC filter is realized by converting all elements to negative elements. The sixth‐order simultaneous Chebyshev filter is constructed. The test result indicates the effectiveness of the present method. The present method requires smaller number of elements (particularly, active elements) than any

ISSN:8756-6621    

DOI:10.1002/ecja.4410631106

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe method of equivalent edge currents is applied to derive diffraction fields by an edge of a cone conductor. Geometrical‐optical fields (direct wave + reflected wave) are added to the diffraction fields and both fields are Fourier analyzed to find current distirbutions and input impedance. Radiation pattern and power gain are obtained in terms of diffraction coefficients derived by Kouyoumjian et al. Calculations are made mainly for a one‐wavelength loop antenna and the effects of the disk reflector diameter and wedge angle are clarified. The power gain is 1 dB larger than that of an infinite plane reflector. Theoretical results generally agree with observati

ISSN:8756-6621    

DOI:10.1002/ecja.4410631107

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper presents a validation method of communication protocols. Many validation methods of communication protocols have been reported, mostly aiming at validating only the deadlock. The method will provide a means of discriminating the deadlock, data loss and duplication. First, the operation of two terminals which are communicating with each other according to a protocol with one block sending at one time (the most widely applied procedure) is defined as an automaton of two sets of terminals or terminal automaton. Second, the communication system is described as another automaton (communication automaton) composed of the former automations, with due regard to error characteristics of transmission paths caused by noise. Third, the state transition diagram of the communication automaton is utilized to provide the discrimination method. We will apply it to the JIS standard basic procedure and demonstrate its usefulness.

ISSN:8756-6621    

DOI:10.1002/ecja.4410631108

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSeveral studies have been performed on fabrication of Josephson junction arrays to improve the voltage sensitivity and impedance matching of Josephson junctions to be used as high‐speed and high‐sensitivity detectors of microwaves and submillimeter‐waves. This paper proposes a method for arranging point‐contact Josephson junctions in a net structure and describes experimental results of detection. First, we measured the I‐V characteristic at super low temperature and found that the critical current can be adjusted from a few μA to a few mA by varying the contact pressure. Next, we obtained the equivalent circuit of this net‐structure array installed in an x‐band waveguide in such a way that the array is perpendicular to the wave traveling direction. The net‐structure array was treated as a uniform surface impedance and the series admittance due to the gap between the array and the waveguide wall was obtained by an extension of the analysis for a capacitive window. To compare the equivalent circuit parameters with measured values, we carried out an impedance measurement at room temperature. The results agreed well with theoretical values. Further, a preliminary experiment for a wideband detection was performed in the superconducting state and obtained detection voltages for 10‐GHz signals as well as HCN laser light of

ISSN:8756-6621    

DOI:10.1002/ecja.4410631109

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA new delay line for magnetostatic wave is proposed. The line consists of a ridge magnetic pole piece. Theoretical results are compared with observed ones for a (110)‐cut YIG slab. Dispersion of group delay is improved by a factor of 2 to 3 compared with an ordinary delay line using a planar pole piece, and the propagation loss is as small as 25 dB, that is, close to loss of bulk propagation in YI

ISSN:8756-6621    

DOI:10.1002/ecja.4410631110

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThere are two versions of the microstrip line slot array antenna: resonant array and nonresonant array according to its termination. Because microstrip loss is much larger than waveguide loss, a design method for the waveguide array is not applicable to the microstrip array. This paper proposes a new design method that utilizes nonlinear optimization and reduces the total loss; it is compared with a conventional design method. Two 2‐array antennas with 64 elements were manufactured with new and old design methods. The antenna designed by a new method showed predicted propertie

ISSN:8756-6621    

DOI:10.1002/ecja.4410631111

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY