ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.2811173

出版商:AIP    

年代:1989

数据来源: AIP

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.2811174

出版商:AIP    

年代:1989

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

LEP, by far the largest scientific instrument ever built, has begun doing physics. This 27‐km‐circumference electron‐positron collider ring, bestriding the French‐Swiss frontier at CERN, delivered up its firstZ0particle shortly before midnight on 13 August—a scant 8 minutes after its countercirculating beams of 45.5‐GeV positrons and electrons were first brought into collison. Thus the world's second “Z0factory” was in business just 30 days after it was handed over by its builders on Bastille Day.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.2811175

出版商:AIP    

年代:1989

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

One hears about testing quantum electrodynamics or relativity theory, but the theoretical basis of quantum mechanics is rarely questioned. Nevertheless, Steven Weinberg (University of Texas) has recently called for high‐precision tests of quantum mechanics that are independent of any particular quantum mechanical theory. To pave the way for an examination of quantum mechanics, he has suggested one possible way of generalizing quantum mechanics to make it nonlinear. As Eugene Wigner pointed out in a 1939 paper, the linearity of quantum mechanics is an important assumption and one that may not necessarily always prove true. Weinberg stressed to us that he does not really feel that quantum mechanics is in any immediate danger, but he does believe that we can learn by questioning it: If we find that quantum mechanics cannot be generalized any further, we may come to understand better why it works so well. If we find that the theory can be generalized in a plausible way, then we must ask why ordinary quantum mechanics is so nearly valid—and we may discover some hidden physics in the process.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.2811176

出版商:AIP    

年代:1989

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Just as electrons engage in spontaneous magnetic ordering, accounting for such phenomena as ferromagnetic domains, so too can nuclei order spontaneously. However, because nuclear magnetic moments are very much smaller than electron magnetic moments, spontaneous nuclear ordering occurs only at extremely low temperatures. As we will see, experiments conducted in the course of research on nuclear ordering have produced spin temperatures as low as 25 nanokelvins in copper and 2 nanokelvins in silver.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.881204

出版商:AIP    

年代:1989

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Irving Langmuir spent many productive years pursuing Nobel‐caliber research (see the photo on the opposite page). Over the years, he also explored the subject of what he called “pathological science.” Although he never published his investigations in this area, on 18December 1953 at General Electric's Knolls Atomic Power Laboratory, he gave a colloquium on the subject that will long be remembered by those in his audience. This talk was a colorful account of a particular kind of pitfall into which scientists may stumble.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.881205

出版商:AIP    

年代:1989

数据来源: AIP

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.2811177

出版商:AIP    

年代:1989

数据来源: AIP

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.2811178

出版商:AIP    

年代:1989

数据来源: AIP

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.2811179

出版商:AIP    

年代:1989

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

On 15 March 1989 the principle of confidentiality in peer review received a strong legal foundation, in the form of a unanimous decision of the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit. Important principles frequently get established with little trumpeting and under innocuous rubrics: Roe v. Wade, Brown v. Board of Education. This decision goes by the name of Solarex Corporation and RCA Corporation v. Arco Solar Inc v. The American Physical Society, Fed. Cir. No. 88‐1542. The consequences of the judgment on the side issue between Arco Solar and APS that arose from this suit should go far beyond the immediate case, into the realm of protection of the confidentiality of all the thousands of referees who have reviewed and will review papers for the journals of The American Physical Society and for other scholarly journals.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.881206

出版商:AIP    

年代:1989

数据来源: AIP