摘要:

Until recent years, the traditional pattern of American graduate schools has been frozen along divisional and departmental lines. Natural cleavages have developed from this pattern which are far more serious than good‐natured interprofessional rivalry. The old saw that the chemical Tweedle‐Dees make very inaccurate measurements on very pure substances while their physical twins are merely mirror images, although amusing, nevertheless contains some very arresting truth. The fact of the matter is that the departmental scheme is not in itself adequate to cope with the myriad problems of modern organized research. In these days of increasing cost and complexity, the continued leadership of our universities in fundamental research requires a reconsideration of policy by our graduate schools.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3067362

出版商:AIP    

年代:1951

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

From various articles which I have read, I have been led to believe that this country faces a shortage of trained personnel in the scientific professions. I believed this to include college graduates along with the doctorates and post doctorates, the general scientist along with the highly specialized. Apparently this is not true for many of us who at present hold only the BS or the BA degrees.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3067363

出版商:AIP    

年代:1951

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

The detailed study of matter in the solid state has become one of the most active fields of modern physics. Solid state electronics, including the study of semiconductors, was greatly stimulated by the wartime development of crystal diodes, which were extensively used in radar and are now finding numerous applications in electronic components. The recent discovery of the transistor, a crystal triode which may be used as a replacement for vacuum tubes in amplifiers, has intensified interest in the subject. Although the semiconductor has been used in several practical applications, physical interpretation of the semiconducting phenomena is far from complete. For this reason, the major current objective of the solid state physics program at the National Bureau of Standards concerns the fundamental study of semiconducting systems. Some closely related problems of crystal properties are also being investigated in order to obtain the knowledge necessary for the maximum utilization of these and other new materials in electronic components.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3067364

出版商:AIP    

年代:1951

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Operations research (or, as the British say, Operational Research) is the name of an applied science, extensively developed during World War II in the British and American armed forces. Its subject matter is “operations”, in the usual military or management sense of the word.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3067338

出版商:AIP    

年代:1951

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

On November 12, 1950 theWashington Postcarried a laudatory editorial on the recently established National Science Foundation in which the writer viewed with high anticipation its possibilities for the advancement of fundamental scientific research in the United States and implied that this was an area which necessarily had been largely neglected by the military services. The editorial stated, “the accent in military programs is always on applied science whereas so‐called pure or basic research is the fuel of all later applications.” A week or two later Rear Admiral T. A. Solberg, then Chief of Naval Research, answered this editorial in a letter in which he expressed complete agreement with the words of commendation on the establishment of the Foundation, but took strong exception to the implication that no one in the Department of Defense had been concerned with basic research. He pointed out, “The Office of Naval Research (ONR) has been designated by Congress and the Navy to conduct pure and basic research in broad fields in physical and medical science of Navy interest,” and added that as of that moment ONR was administering more than 1,200 contract‐research programs in over 200 university and industrial laboratories, about 90 percent of which were in basic research “with no ‘applied’ strings attached.”

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3067339

出版商:AIP    

年代:1951

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Since 1947, the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission has been conducting an export program whereby a limited variety of radioisotopes produced in the United States has been made available to foreign users for the specified purposes of scientific and medical research and medical therapy.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3067340

出版商:AIP    

年代:1951

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Unesco's program in the natural sciences, which has as its primary aims the developing of international scientific cooperation, the encouraging of socially beneficial scientific research, and the disseminating of scientific information, was considered at some length this year by delegates to the Sixth General Conference of Unesco in Paris during the period from June 18th to July 11th.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3067341

出版商:AIP    

年代:1951

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Late last year, the United States Atomic Energy Commission, together with the atomic authorities of Canada and the United Kingdom, agreed to the public release of certain information on low‐power research reactors, including those nuclear properties of uranium of importance to the design and operation of such reactors.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3067342

出版商:AIP    

年代:1951

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

The Selective Service System has announced that persons wishing occupational deferment should submit their claims to the Appeal Board having jurisdiction in the place the registrant is employed instead of the Appeal Board with which he is registered.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3067345

出版商:AIP    

年代:1951

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Seven new fellowship awards have been presented by the Daniel and Florence Guggenheim Foundation for advanced research in jet and rocket propulsion at Princeton University and the California Institute of Technology.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3067349

出版商:AIP    

年代:1951

数据来源: AIP