摘要:

In recent years it has become evident that the atmosphere and oceans have been produced by the outgassing of volatile materials from the earth's interior, principally from volcanoes. In 1950 W. W. Rubey presented geological evidence indicating that sea water has progressively accumulated in this way. At about the same time, Harrison Brown pointed out that the very low abundances of the noble gases in the earth's atmosphere constituted compelling evidence that at least the atmospheric oxygen and nitrogen were almost entirely of secondary origin, having been outgassed, possibly in different chemical form.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3051404

出版商:AIP    

年代:1964

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

The obituary column of a recent issue ofPhysics Todaycarried the announcement of the death of Julius E. Lilienfeld at his home in the Virgin Islands. Dr. Lilienfeld was a native of Poland, formerly a professor of physics at the University of Leipzig, and became a United States citizen in 1935. The announcement of the passing of Dr. Lilienfeld recalled to mind an experience which the author had in 1953 when he was engaged in a patent search in connection with the development of the germanium transistor. The patent search disclosed three patents granted in the years 1930, 1932, and 1935, respectively, to Julius Edgar Lilienfeld of Brooklyn and Cedarhurst, New York. The attorney who prepared the patent was Fred'k F. Schuets. A brief inquiry failed to locate either the inventor or his attorney and, inasmuch as the patents had already lapsed, the matter was dropped.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3051405

出版商:AIP    

年代:1964

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

The number of superconductors known in 1935 was about 80, in 1950 over 100, and when last counted more than 900. Though the growth of a field cannot be measured by a single index, these numbers symbolize what has happened to the science of superconductivity; a sequence of discoveries has steadily enlarged the scope and importance of the subject. In 1950 the isotope effect (the dependence of superconducting transition temperatures on isotopic mass) was discovered, and subsequent advances have traversed the range from fundamental quantum theory to empirical rules for finding superconductors. In recent years there have been such discoveries as the superconductive tunneling effect, quantized magnetic flux, the electromagnetic structure of new types of superconductor, and tunneling supercurrents.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3051406

出版商:AIP    

年代:1964

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

A new, consistent set of values for the physical constants has been recommended by the Committee on Fundamental Constants of the National Academy of Sciences—National Research Council. These values were presented to the Second International Conference on Nuclidic Masses held in Vienna, July 15–19, 1963. At the General Assembly meeting of the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics held in Warsaw, September 18–23, 1963, the following statement was adopted: “The Commission [on Nuclidic Masses and Related Atomic Constants] expects that these values will be widely used and will help to remove many of the confusions that have arisen from the use of differing sets of constants. In addition, it is expected that the appearance of this list will encourage further experimental work aimed at improving our knowledge of these values.”

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3051407

出版商:AIP    

年代:1964

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

The Eighteenth Calorimetry Conference was held October 16–18, 1963, in Bartlesville, Oklahoma, at the Bureau of Mines Petroleum Research Center. This annual conference provides a gathering place for experimental calorimetrists to exchange views on techniques, to report new developments in thermodynamics and thermochemistry, and to develop cooperative schemes for improving the acquisition and dissemination of thermodynamic data. The eighteenth conference was the first to be held at the home laboratory of its founder and for several years its guiding hand, the late H. M. Huffman. This occasion, together with the fact that the Thermodynamics Laboratory of the Bureau of Mines has recently moved into completely new quarters, made particularly appropriate the subject of the keynote lecture, “Some Legacies of H. M. Huffman to Calorimetry and Thermodynamics”. This lecture, given by John P. McCullough (Socony Mobil Oil Co.), a successor of Huffman as director of the laboratory, described the development of a model laboratory and the approach to obtaining a coherent and comprehensive body of thermodynamic data by a coordinated series of experiments of various kinds upon carefully selected classes of compounds. This approach, started by Huffman in those laboratories, and continued by his successors, G. Waddington and J. P. McCullough, and now by D. R. Douslin, has resulted in such outstanding contributions of thermodynamic data that it has become a model of its kind, widely copied and of inestimable influence in its field.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3051408

出版商:AIP    

年代:1964

数据来源: AIP

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3051410

出版商:AIP    

年代:1964

数据来源: AIP

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3051412

出版商:AIP    

年代:1964

数据来源: AIP

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3051414

出版商:AIP    

年代:1964

数据来源: AIP

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3051415

出版商:AIP    

年代:1964

数据来源: AIP

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3051418

出版商:AIP    

年代:1964

数据来源: AIP