摘要:

When I started studying physics and medicine after the first World War, the word “science” had but one meaning for us: To search for truth, to understand the experimental world by means of logical deduction, and to mould an inductive conception of this world. “Experimental world” meant everything on this planet and everything available by optical and mathematical methods in the universe. The thought that scientific method might be influenced by any other aspects did not come to the mind of a Swiss student at that time.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3061223

出版商:AIP    

年代:1953

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

As astronomy pushed its limits from the solar system to the stars of the Milky Way and to the distant galaxies and clusters of galaxies, the following three problems suggested themselves automatically. Is there matter spread throughout interplanetary space? Is there matter in interstellar space? Are the enormous intergalactic spaces empty or not?

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3061224

出版商:AIP    

年代:1953

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

All substances react in some degree to a magnetic field, but only iron and those substances designated ferromagnetic by virtue of their similarity to iron become strongly enough magnetized in ordinary magnetic fields to be popularly regarded as magnetic. Ferromagnetic materials are generally characterized by (a) saturation in readily obtainable magnetic fields, (b) a magnetization curve exhibiting a hysteresis loop (see Fig. 1), and (c) a temperature, known as the Curie temperature, above which ferromagnetic effects disappear.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3061199

出版商:AIP    

年代:1953

数据来源: AIP

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3061201

出版商:AIP    

年代:1953

数据来源: AIP

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3061204

出版商:AIP    

年代:1953

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Foreign scholars assured of funds to support them while they are in the United States are eligible to apply for Fulbright travel grants to cover transportation to and from this country. During 1951–52, a total of 28 foreign physicists received such aid in carrying on physics research or teaching in this country. They were part of a group of some 380 scholars from other countries who obtained Fulbright travel grants under that year's program—an increase of approximately 25 percent over the number for the previous year. Of these, 119 worked in some phase of the physical sciences and 113 in biological fields. The 1952–53 figures show the number of those in physics to have remained about the same.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3061205

出版商:AIP    

年代:1953

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

The Thirteenth Semiannual Report of the Atomic Energy Commission, released in January under the title,Assuring Public Safety in Continental Weapons Tests, summarizes the principal activities of the AEC during the last half of 1952 and includes a section of forty‐nine pages given over to a discussion of atomic detonations and relevant safety measures carried out at the Commission's test site near Las Vegas, Nevada.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3061206

出版商:AIP    

年代:1953

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

A nation‐wide survey of graduate students in the natural sciences, recently completed for the National Science Foundation by the Office of Scientific Personnel of the National Research Council, indicates that graduate schools in this country could accept nearly 8000 more students for doctoral studies and about 11,400 more students for work towards masters' degrees in science.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3061208

出版商:AIP    

年代:1953

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

The homogeneous reactorat the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, which has been operated at low power during the past year in experiments to deter determine nuclear characteristics, was brought up to its full design power of one thousand kilowatts of heat output on February 24th. The reactor steam was then switched to a turbine‐generator and enough electricity was produced (about 150 kw) to meet the estimated needs of fifty average five‐room dwellings, according to the Union Carbide and Carbon Corporation, which operates the Laboratory for the AEC. Although capable of producing both fissionable material and electric power, the homogeneous reactor, intended as a pilot model, was not designed to produce economic electric power.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3061211

出版商:AIP    

年代:1953

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Henry Crew,professor emeritus of physics at Northwestern University, died on February 17th at Evanston, Illinois at the age of ninety‐three.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3061212

出版商:AIP    

年代:1953

数据来源: AIP