ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.2994949

出版商:AIP    

年代:1978

数据来源: AIP

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.2994911

出版商:AIP    

年代:1978

数据来源: AIP

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.2994913

出版商:AIP    

年代:1978

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

The creation of a national high‐flux pulsed spallation neutron facility is one of the major recommendations of the Panel on Research Facilities and Scientific Opportunities in the Use of Low Energy Neutrons. The panel was established in early 1977 by the Solid State Sciences Committee of the Assembly of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, National Academy of Sciences‐National Research Council. Gordon K. Teal, formerly chief scientist at Texas Instruments, served as chairman and Clifford G. Shull of MIT was vice‐chairman.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.2994915

出版商:AIP    

年代:1978

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

A major problem with magnetic‐mirror devices for plasma confinement has always been the leakage of particles out of the ends of the machine. An experiment now under construction at Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, known as the Tandem Mirror Experiment (TMX), proposes to turn this failing neatly to advantage by employing two mirror‐pairs, one at each end of a long straight solenoid. Each pair of mirrors confines positive ions by minimum‐Bmagnetic‐field wells, and the excess positive charge that develops in these “end cells” confines ions within the solenoid. In other words, the two mirror pairs act as plugs for the ends of the solenoid. Calculations for a reactor based on this concept predict that, under appropriate neutral injection conditions, a plasma of a density and temperature sufficient for controlled fusion will build up in the solenoid. The purpose of the TMX experiment is to test the principles of the concept. Other tandem‐mirror experiments are planned or already under construction at Novosibirsk in the Soviet Union, at the University of Tsukuba in Japan, and at the University of Wisconsin at Madison.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.2994916

出版商:AIP    

年代:1978

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

To most people the main link between the abstrusities of science and the wonders of modern life is technology, seen as tangible machines that spew forth goods or ease the burden of labor. After the crash of 1929 many Americans began to ask whether chemistry produced more than consumers could absorb, whether machines destroyed more jobs than they created. Going beyond earlier humanist critiques, thoughtful citizens wondered whether science was not responsible, at least in part, for the end of the miracle, for the failure of machine civilization. In this context, an emotionally charged dispute between two physicists about the origin of cosmic rays became a focal point in the public reaction against science. The principals in this unprecedented and highly publicized debate were two Nobel laureates, Arthur Holly Compton and Robert A. Millikan. The repercussions of this dispute and the attendant revolt against science exposed difficulties in physics in the US that remain with us to the present day.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.2994917

出版商:AIP    

年代:1978

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

I have a letter from a graduate student who writes “Many of us [students] are very ignorant as to the structure of research in industry.” Another graduate student writes, about industrial research in physics, “I [had] suspected that there is greater pressure to produce and a generally less interesting environment than in an academic setting.” It was to help counter these very prevalent attitudes that The American Physical Society set up its Visiting Physicists Program in 1973. In its current form the program arranges visits by physicists from industrial and national laboratories to university physics departments and visits by professors and their students to R&D laboratories, to improve the interaction between these two worlds. The success of this four‐year‐old program can be judged by its steady growth and by comments from those who have participated in visits, such as the two students quoted above. The first student's letter continues by praising the program for being both informative and interesting, and the second student, who had been suspicious of the R&D laboratories before his visit to one, writes “These feelings have been allayed by my visit… I am now much more favorably disposed toward the research environment at such institutions.”

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.2994918

出版商:AIP    

年代:1978

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Along with DNA and proteins, cell membranes are among the principal organizational structures of living matter. Over the past decade the study of cell membranes has become a focus of effort ranging from the very biologically oriented to the very physically oriented. One property that is especially appropriate for physical studies is the phase transition that occurs in many cell membranes.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.2994919

出版商:AIP    

年代:1978

数据来源: AIP

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.2994920

出版商:AIP    

年代:1978

数据来源: AIP

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.2994921

出版商:AIP    

年代:1978

数据来源: AIP