摘要:

The Swedish Royal Academy of Sciences has announced that the 1963 Nobel Prize in physics is to be given jointly to Eugene P. Wigner of Princeton University, who will receive half of the cash award of $51 000, and to Maria Goeppert Mayer of the University of California and J. Hans D. Jensen of the University of Heidelberg, who will share the other half.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3050649

出版商:AIP    

年代:1963

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

The year now ending has marked the centennial of the founding of the National Academy of Sciences, and in celebration the Academy arranged a four‐day commemorative program during the period from October 21 to 24 in Washington, D.C. The program included the formal presentation of greetings by representatives of other academies, learned societies, and universities, and various social events, including a reception in honor of the Academy's foreign guests given by Secretary of State Dean Rusk. A substantial part of the meeting was devoted to four sessions of invited papers by distinguished members of the Academy. President Kennedy's talk on the second day, just one month before he was brutally slain on November 22, would have been remarkable if only because Chief Executives so rarely address gatherings of scientists. It was all the more so in being a thoughtful expression of national scientific policy and a warm tribute to the Academy, and the text is accordingly given in full in the pages that follow.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3050650

出版商:AIP    

年代:1963

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

It is impressive to reflect that one hundred years ago, in the midst of a savage fraternal war, the United States Congress established a body devoted to the advancement of scientific research. The recognition then of the value of abstract science ran against the grain of our traditional preoccupation with technology and engineering.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3050651

出版商:AIP    

年代:1963

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

About four centuries ago, our ancestors in Europe brought back into sharp focus a method of reasoning about the material world—namely science—which the Greeks had used on and off to some advantage for nearly a millennium, first in their own Aegean culture and then in the Greek culture that blossomed both in Egypt and under the Romans. The reawakening in Renaissance Europe, which occurred after several centuries of critical probing of the Greek manuscripts following the Crusades, was heralded by men such as Bacon and Descartes, who acted as sentinels along the highway which the new dynamic civilization of the West was traversing in the new age. These men realized that the coupling of the scientific method to the peculiar institutions of the new Europe, with its spirit of liberalism, its scholarship, and its devotion to technology for both adventure and conserving labor, could open a vast new universe of knowledge and power to man. It is interesting to note in passing that the brilliant young Descartes was optimistic enough to believe that the entire scientific revolution could come into golden fruition in his own lifetime as a result of his own efforts. He plunged into his life's work with this goal in mind. Actually, the golden age of science that Bacon and Descartes foresaw has not been reached until this century. In fact, science passed through two stages before reaching the one we are now witnessing, in which technological progress is very directly related to scientific discoveries.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3050652

出版商:AIP    

年代:1963

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

“A biophysicist is a physiologist who knows how to fix an amplifier.” Thus spake Walter A. Rosenblith of MIT's Research Laboratory for Electronics during his discussion of signal processing in biological systems at the Symposium on Biophysics of the New York State Section of the American Physical Society. This symposium, held in the General Electric Research Laboratory auditorium at The Knolls, Schenectady, N.Y., April 19 and 20, was the eighth in the series of semiannual meetings of the Section devoted to special topics in physics.* It was held in conjunction with the 25th anniversary celebration of the founding of the Section at Union College.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3050653

出版商:AIP    

年代:1963

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

The First National Conference of the Regional Counselors in Physics was held at Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri, on March 8–9, 1963, under the auspices of the American Association of Physics Teachers and the American Institute of Physics through the generous support of the General Electric Foundation. Forty‐four of the forty‐eight physicists then serving as Regional Counselors and eighteen guests attended the meeting. They reviewed the Regional Counselor Program, exchanged information, heard reports about other national programs, and planned further action.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3050654

出版商:AIP    

年代:1963

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Meetings to discuss the theory and applications of the Mo¨ssbauer effect can be summarized by the application of a mathematical series. This was pointed out by Dr. Hans Frauenfelder (University of Illinois) in an after‐dinner talk at the Third International Conference on the Mo¨ssbauer Effect, sponsored by the Advanced Research Projects Agency and held at Cornell University in Ithaca, N.Y. The odd‐numbered meetings take place in isolated places, have long sessions, and are free of temptations. The even‐numbered meetings take place in exotic places, have short sessions, and provide the conferees with all manner of extracurricular activity. Experimental evidence in support of this theory can be found in Table 1.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3050655

出版商:AIP    

年代:1963

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

The subject of frequency control is closely bound up with that of timekeeping where the primary requirement is for a device or system to play the part of a pendulum. At the lower end of the frequency spectrum in the audio range up to several hundred megacycles, the “pendulum” consists most often of a mechanical resonance structure such as a tuning fork or quartz crystal vibrator whose frequency is determined from the classical theory of elasticity. The other major division of the frequency‐control field is occupied by devices that utilize quantum‐mechanical principles for their operation, where the “pendulum” is identified with an atomic or molecular resonance, and where the frequency, consequently, is in the gigacycle range.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3050656

出版商:AIP    

年代:1963

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Graduate‐level study in the field of chemical physics is available under a new program recently established at the University of Maryland. A joint effort of the University's Departments of Physics and Chemistry and Institute for Molecular Physics, the new curriculum will be administered by a three‐man committee chaired by Dr. Joseph Vanderslice, professor of molecular physics. The Physics and Chemistry Departments will be represented on the committee by Drs. Ralph E. Glover, III, and William J. Svirbley, respectively.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3050659

出版商:AIP    

年代:1963

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

The Carnegie Institute of Technology has established a Buhl Professorship of Theoretical Physics, with the aid of a $750 000 endowment from the Buhl Foundation of Pittsburgh. Dr. R. E. Cutkosky of Carnegie Tech has been appointed the first of the Buhl Professors. In addition to the professorship, part of the income from the endowment will be used to bring to Pittsburgh, for limited periods, outstanding theoretical and experimental physicists for seminars, conferences, and lectures.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3050660

出版商:AIP    

年代:1963

数据来源: AIP