ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3069149

出版商:AIP    

年代:1975

数据来源: AIP

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3069151

出版商:AIP    

年代:1975

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

The structure of solid water has intrigued physicists and chemists since the nineteenth century. By now it is known that solid water has at least eight crystalline forms. In 1935 E. F. Burton and W. F. Oliver (University of Toronto) reported seeing an amorphous form of solid water, and since then a few other experimenters have said they had observed it. Now Stuart Rice (University of Chicago) and his collaborators have done careful, quantitative x‐ray diffraction, neutron diffraction and Raman‐scattering studies of water prepared in two different ways, and they believe they have observed two distinct forms of amorphous solid water.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3069153

出版商:AIP    

年代:1975

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

As far back as biblical times, Man has searched for correlations between events in the heavens and events on Earth. In more recent times, scientists have looked for a connection between solar phenomena and the weather on Earth. Over the past twenty years evidence has been growing that variations in solar magnetic activity correlate with low‐pressure troughs in the Northern Hemisphere. The work has been pioneered by Walter Orr Roberts (University of Colorado and the National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder). In recent years others have collaborated with Roberts, for instance John M. Wilcox, Philip Scherrer and Leif Svalgaard at Stanford University, Roger H. Olson (University of Colorado) and Roy L. Jenne (National Center for Atmospheric Research).

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3069154

出版商:AIP    

年代:1975

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

One of the most effective means for studying the properties of matter nondestructively is to observe how photons interact with it; that is, by optical spectroscopy. The two most common techniques in the optical region are absorption and reflection spectroscopy. But many organic and inorganic materials, such as powders, amorphous compounds, smears, gels and oils, can not be readily studied by either of these two techniques. Methods involving diffuse or attenuated total reflectance permit the study of some of these materials, but they possess severe drawbacks.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3069155

出版商:AIP    

年代:1975

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

The United States is conducting an intensive search for more—and lower cost—energy. Because of its relatively low cost, nuclear energy is rapidly becoming an important energy source. However, there are still unsolved technological problems in the present and projected nuclear industry; many of these arise from the interaction of nuclear particles with the solid materials in the reactor.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3069156

出版商:AIP    

年代:1975

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

All the natural electromagnetic radiation reaching the Earth, whether from nearby or remote parts of the universe, brings with it information on the contents or structure of the region in which it originated. This is true of each part of the spectrum, from radio waves through the visible, ultraviolet and x‐ray regions, to the realm of high‐energy gamma rays which is our subject here. We will be concentrating on celestial gamma rays, with energies above about 10 MeV, which provide clear and in some respects unique information on the high‐energy particles and processes in the universe, both currently and in the remote past.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3069157

出版商:AIP    

年代:1975

数据来源: AIP

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3069158

出版商:AIP    

年代:1975

数据来源: AIP

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3069160

出版商:AIP    

年代:1975

数据来源: AIP

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3069161

出版商:AIP    

年代:1975

数据来源: AIP