ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.2435662

出版商:AIP    

年代:1906

数据来源: AIP

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.2435663

出版商:AIP    

年代:1906

数据来源: AIP

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.2435664

出版商:AIP    

年代:1906

数据来源: AIP

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.2435665

出版商:AIP    

年代:1906

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

The Royal Swedish Academyof Sciences has awarded the 2006 Nobel Prize in Physics to John Mather and George Smoot “for their discovery of the blackbody form and anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background radiation.” Mather and Smoot were leading members of a large team that designed, built, and operated NASA'sCosmic Background Explorer.COBEwas launched into a 900‐km‐high polar Earth orbit in November 1989 and, over the next four years, observed the spectral and spatial properties of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) over the whole sky.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.2435666

出版商:AIP    

年代:1906

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Augustin‐Jean Fresnelpredicted in 1822 that a light beam would split into two beams as it enters a chiral liquid—that is, one containing molecules that lack mirror symmetry. The splitting in a chiral liquid occurs because right‐handed circularly polarized light and left‐handed circularly polarized light travel at different speeds and hence see different indexes of refraction. Fresnel proposed an experiment to measure the angular splitting in a chiral solution, but the angle of splitting, on the order of microradians, is too small for Fresnel to have detected it. He did, however, observe the double image produced by light that had traversed a quartz crystal, which is birefringent because of its anisotropy. He used the effect to prove the existence of circularly polarized light.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.2435667

出版商:AIP    

年代:1906

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

When a superconductor'stemperature drops below its critical value, some of the most loosely bound electrons assemble into a single, Bose–Einstein ground state. Locked together, the electrons flow through the lattice with unimpeded ease.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.2435668

出版商:AIP    

年代:1906

数据来源: AIP

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.2435669

出版商:AIP    

年代:1906

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

In late September,just two days before the Department of Energy released its long‐awaited climate‐change technology strategic plan, officials from several of the corporate world's largest emitters of carbon dioxide gathered in Washington, DC, to endorse a new business framework that could significantly cut industrial greenhouse gas emissions.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.2435671

出版商:AIP    

年代:1906

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

The deadliest earthquakein modern times killed some 244 000 people in Tangshan, an industrial center about 150 km east of Beijing. Tangshan sits on what ought to be solid ground—the North China craton—but on 28 July 1976, a 7.6‐magnitude earthquake struck. Now, 30 years later, understanding intraplate earthquakes such as the one that devastated Tangshan is a key thrust within a set of new Earth sciences initiatives for northern China.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.2435672

出版商:AIP    

年代:1906

数据来源: AIP