摘要:

It is a curious thing, but the Dawn of Civilization coincides with the beginnings of Night Life. When our ancestors learned how to light their way to bed, they were able, for the first time, to come down out of the trees. The ability to build a fire was one of the early distinguishing marks of Homo sapiens. By reason of the light and heat from the fires he made, he was enabled to establish his career on the ground. The anthropoid ape remained in the trees.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3061329

出版商:AIP    

年代:1953

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

This evening I would direct our attention for a few moments toward a fundamental problem that is the mutual concern of both science and politics. It is the problem that arises from the growing power of the atom as an offensive weapon, and the lack of comparable progress in defensive measures. The continual improvement of nuclear weapons, the increasing potentialities of biological and chemical warfare, have strengthened the potentialities of the offense to such an extent that if it remains unchecked it may soon be capable of destroying our present civilization. To put it bluntly, the United States has acquired a terrific punch with which to meet an all‐out war; but it has at the same time acquired a “glass jaw,” because of its own vulnerability to atomic attack. The problem I would have you consider is this: How can the ideas emerging from science be employed to restore balance between the offensive and defensive capabilities that influence nations in their acts and policies, so that our choices of action are less brutally stark?

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3061330

出版商:AIP    

年代:1953

数据来源: AIP

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3061288

出版商:AIP    

年代:1953

数据来源: AIP

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3061291

出版商:AIP    

年代:1953

数据来源: AIP

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3061296

出版商:AIP    

年代:1953

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

A number of years ago, in a speech delivered before a Boston audience, David Lilienthal noted that if the Atomic Energy Commission's course “in putting the atom to work is to be sound and fruitful of the best results, we need council and criticism and discussion from the whole of American business and industry”. By that standard the future of atomic‐electric power development in the United States would now seem assured. An abundance of such council, criticism, and discussion has suddenly become available and it is freely predicted in Washington that legislative action will soon clear the way for private atomic power development by those industries willing to take the plunge

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3061297

出版商:AIP    

年代:1953

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

The Scientists' Committee on Loyalty Problems, formed by the Federation of American Scientists in the fall of 1948, has been succeeded by the Scientists' Committee on Loyalty and Security, centered in New Haven, Connecticut. Concerned “with security programs as they affect individual scientists, leaving to other groups the study of such programs with respect to civil liberties and democratic processes”, the Committee is maintaining a file of up‐to‐date information on loyalty and security regulations and slates that this information and informal advice is available to interested scientists on request, but that “the Committee does not attempt under any circumstances to judge the merits of individual cases”.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3061299

出版商:AIP    

年代:1953

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

The Office of International Relations of the National Academy of Sciences‐National Research Council has circulated a bulletin giving information on the interests and itineraries of foreign scientists and engineers visiting the United States. A number of the visitors listed in the first issue of this bulletin are in fields touching on physics: Dr. I. G. C. Dryden, head, Chemistry and Physics Section, British Coal Utilization Research Association, will be here from August 28 to September 30 and attend the Gordon Research Conference on Coal August 31‐September 3. His address is c/o U.K. Scientific Mission, 1800 K Street NW, Washington, D.C. Mr. J. W. Boag, Radiotherapeutic Research Unit, Medical Research Council, U.K., will spend a year working on physical problems in radiology with Dr. U. Fano at NBS. Miss E. J. Hanson, Biophysics Research Unit, Medical Research Council, U.K., is spending a year here under a Rockefeller Foundation fellowship and is to work with K. R. Porter of the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research from August 1953 to February 1954.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3061303

出版商:AIP    

年代:1953

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Constructionof a nuclear reactor by the West German chemical industries in cooperation with the Bonn Government has been urged by W. A. Menne, president of the Association of Chemical Industries, according to a dispatch toThe New York Timesdatelined April 29th. Claiming that more than two hundred United States industrial corporations are negotiating with the U.S. Government for the industrial utilization of atomic power, Menne maintained that West Germany must delay no longer in applying the results of nuclear research to industry if it wishes to remain a first‐class industrial power.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3061305

出版商:AIP    

年代:1953

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

A new low‐power nuclear reactor, measuring five feet on each side, has been constructed for research purposes at the Knolls Atomic Power Laboratory operated for the AEC by the General Electric Company at Schenectady. Using a graphite moderator and an enriched uranium fuel, the reactor is expected to be used primarily to detect trace amounts of elements from their effect on its operation when inserted inside the reactor.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3061306

出版商:AIP    

年代:1953

数据来源: AIP