摘要:

Fifty years ago H. Kamerlingh Onnes liquefied helium at Leiden University and to commemorate this the Netherlands Physical Society, together with Leiden University and certain Dutch industries, held a conference on low‐temperature physics (June 23–28, 1958). There were more than 30 nations represented and over 300 participants, of which 100 were from the USA and three from the USSR. It was quite clear that Kamerlingh Onnes had really started something, for there were some 165 papers ranging over the topics which are unique to very low temperatures. The much coveted scientific award, The Kamerlingh Onnes Medal of the “Nederlandse Vereniging voor Koeltechniek”, was presented to S. C. Collins of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He became the third recipient of this honor, the other two being Peter Kapitza and the late Sir Francis Simon

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3062221

出版商:AIP    

年代:1958

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

The electromagnetic wave nature of x rays was first firmly established in 1912 by the observation of diffraction of x rays by crystals in the famous investigations of Friedrich, Knipping, and von Laue. The application of x‐ray diffraction methods to the determination of the detailed structure of crystals was demonstrated within less than a year by W. L. Bragg and since that time literally thousands of papers have appeared describing either improvements in these methods or giving the results of their application to crystals, the natures of which have become increasingly complex as newer methods of increased power have been developed.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3062223

出版商:AIP    

年代:1958

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

One of the more difficult tasks a former Fulbright grantee can undertake is to convey to his professional colleagues in a meaningful way the most important aspects of his year abroad. Having been the first physicist in Finland under the Fulbright Program only underlines this responsibility, but having been in Finland for only a year (August 1956 to August 1957) tends to put one in the position of being a pseudoexpert. The proximity of Finland to Russia would make it very easy to fall in line with current journalistic trends in the United States and to pick a title such as “Physics in the Shadow of the Iron Curtain”. If the spirit of such a title were to permeate an entire article, it would lead to a rather gross distortion of what is presently occurring in physics in Finland although there has been a certain amount of intellectual isolation resulting from Finland's geographical position

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3062224

出版商:AIP    

年代:1958

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

The first international symposium on rarefied gas dynamics was held from the 2nd to the 5th of July under the chairmanship of J. Pe´re`s, dean of the Paris Faculty of Science. This symposium took place in Nice, a town of whose charm it is hardly necessary to boast, and the participants enjoyed magnificent weather. Fourteen countries were represented. The American delegation was particularly important for it included not only representatives from the Berkeley and Moffett Field groups but also numerous American university professors who have worked both experimentally and theoretically in the field of rarefied gases.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3062225

出版商:AIP    

年代:1958

数据来源: AIP

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3062227

出版商:AIP    

年代:1958

数据来源: AIP

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3062228

出版商:AIP    

年代:1958

数据来源: AIP

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3062231

出版商:AIP    

年代:1958

数据来源: AIP

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3062233

出版商:AIP    

年代:1958

数据来源: AIP

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3062240

出版商:AIP    

年代:1958

数据来源: AIP

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3062244

出版商:AIP    

年代:1958

数据来源: AIP