ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.881269

出版商:AIP    

年代:1991

数据来源: AIP

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.2810199

出版商:AIP    

年代:1991

数据来源: AIP

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.2810202

出版商:AIP    

年代:1991

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Brookhaven has finally been allowed to start building RHIC, the relativistic heavy‐ion collider designed to occupy the 4‐km‐circumference tunnel left vacant eight years ago by the cancellation of the Colliding Beam Accelerator project. CBA, ne´e Isabelle, was to have been a200×200‐GeVproton‐proton collider, but construction never got beyond the civil engineering stage.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.2810203

出版商:AIP    

年代:1991

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Glasnostnotwithstanding, the Soviet Union has faced a credibility gap regarding its public pronouncements about the health effects from the explosion of a nuclear reactor at the Chernobyl atomic power station in 1986. While rumors have abounded in the affected republics of excess cancers or thyroid abnormalities, the central government has not found any clear evidence for maladies attributable to the accident. (SeePHYSICS TODAY, July 1990, page 62.) In October 1989, the Soviets asked the International Atomic Energy Agency to review government assessments of the radiological and health situation in the areas affected by the accident and to evaluate measures to protect the population. The resulting report, released at the end of May, largely validates the Soviet assessments to date. The study team did not find any significant health abnormalities that might be associated with radiological exposures except for high levels of stress and anxiety caused by concern over the radiation. Because of the limited scope of the study and the long latency period of cancers, the team could not determine whether there are any excess cancers in the populations examined. The report contains some recommendations for improvements in the ongoing assessments.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.2810204

出版商:AIP    

年代:1991

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

It is with shock, and with new respect for the subtleties of condensed matter physics, that the noninitiate (such as I was) first realizes that at low temperatures a microscopic energy—like that associated with a single atom—can be enough to seriously affect the state of a macroscopic body.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.881266

出版商:AIP    

年代:1991

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

The effects of ionizing radiation have received greater study than those of any other environmental agent. Within months after Wilhelm Roentgen's discovery of the x ray in 1895, early radiation workers experienced injurious effects of overexposure to radiation. In the century since, the study of such effects has received continuing impetus from the expanding use of radiation in medicine, science and industry and from the peaceful and military applications of nuclear energy.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.881267

出版商:AIP    

年代:1991

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Among all the terms that we use casually in talking about physics, without feeling the need to define or explicate them, the winner of the Citation Derby is probably the word “system.” Explicitly or by implication, the “physical system” defines the context in every class we teach, every seminar we give, every paper we write. Talking about physics without specifying the system is a vacuous exercise, and we exhort our students from the first day to think clearly about the system under consideration—what it includes and what it does not include, its relevant characteristics, its observable aspects, its degrees of freedom and its response to external influences and perturbations.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.881268

出版商:AIP    

年代:1991

数据来源: AIP

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.2810205

出版商:AIP    

年代:1991

数据来源: AIP

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.2810206

出版商:AIP    

年代:1991

数据来源: AIP