摘要:

Objective. A recent theory of motivation (PRIME theory) has proposed that the formation of a ‘non‐smoker’ identity is necessary for long‐term abstinence. This study aimed to explore how a smoker's sense of identity changes following smoking cessation.Design. This was a qualitative, semi‐structured interview study with a purposive sample of individuals who had quit smoking. An interpretative phenomenological approach was taken to elicit in‐depth accounts of the participants’ understanding of smoking, stopping, and maintaining abstinence.Methods. Ten participants who quit smoking with the support of a National Health Service (NHS) stop‐smoking service in England and were still abstinent a year later were interviewed. An interpretative phenomenological analysis of the interview transcripts was conducted. Prospective contextual detail of motivational and other variables pre‐quit were also obtained from the clinic assessment form that participants completed at the first group session.Results. A process of identity change was observed towards that of a ‘non‐smoker’, assisted initially by a transient identity of ‘team stop‐smoker’ accompanied by a sense of achievement. All participants retained a residual attraction to smoking suggesting that the process was not complete and reflecting an ‘ex‐smoker’ identity. Participants labelled themselves as non‐smokers regardless of how much transition had occurred.Conclusions. It appears useful to distinguish two levels of ‘non‐smoker’ identity: a surface level comprising the simple label and a deep level made up of often conflicting thoughts and feelings about oneself in relation to smoking. A total coherent ‘non‐smoker’ identi

ISSN:1359-107X    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8287.2011.02031.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:2012

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Objectives. This study aims to identify the role of self‐efficacy, recovery self‐efficacy, and preparatory planning with regard to short‐term smoking relapse. We also assessed whether the importance of these variables differed for smokers quitting individually and without help (self‐quitters) and smokers quitting with the help of a smoking cessation course (group quitters).Design. A longitudinal quasi‐experimental study with follow‐ups at 1 and 3 months after the quit attempt was conducted in order to assess the role of baseline self‐efficacy, recovery self‐efficacy, and preparatory planning on short‐term relapse.Methods. The recruitment included adult daily smokers (N= 121), quitting in a smoking cessation course (N= 57) and self‐quitters (N= 64). Respondents received internet‐based questionnaires 2 weeks before quitting (baseline) and 1 and 3 months after the quit attempt. Predictors of relapse were analysed using logistic regression analyses.Results. Relapse at 1 and 3 months after the quit attempt was predicted by low levels of baseline self‐efficacy. Simple slope analyses revealed that less preparatory planning significantly predicted relapse at 1 month after the quit attempt among group quitters, but not among self‐quitters. Recovery self‐efficacy was only predictive of relapse after 1 month when self‐efficacy was excluded from the analyses. Moreover, among group quitters, the results indicated a borderline significant curved relation between recovery self‐efficacy and relapse after 1 month.Conclusions. Our results suggest that more research is needed on the role of preparatory planning and recovery self‐efficacy. Moreover, we recommend incorporating self‐efficacy increasing t

ISSN:1359-107X    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8287.2011.02032.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:2012

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Objectives.  A conceptual model of the psychological factors underpinning adherence to anti‐hypertensive medication is proposed and tested. The model suggests that adherence is influenced by three sets of variables: demography, health status, and perceived effects of medication; cognitions and motivation; and intention to adhere.Methods and Design.  Patients with known hypertension were recruited from three primary care practices in South‐East England and were asked to complete a postal questionnaire. A total of 1,070 responses were received. The questionnaire asked about the three sets of predictor variables, and adherence. Eight weeks after the first questionnaire, a second was posted to all respondents, this time asking about adherence over the intervening period.Results.  The three sets of predictor variables were treated as blocks in a hierarchical model, so that each successive block added to the variance in adherence explained by the previous blocks. The data were analysed by hierarchical multiple regression. The predictors accounted for 19% of the variance in adherence at Time 1, and 34% at Time 2. The leading individual predictors at Time 1 were age, gender, conscientiousness, hypertensive identity, perceived behavioural control, and intention. At Time 2, they were the same, except that gender made way for adherence at Time 1.Conclusions.  The model offers a parsimonious account, and the findings suggest a number of approaches to designing interventions to modif

ISSN:1359-107X    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8287.2011.02034.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:2012

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1359-107X    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8287.2011.02062.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:2012

数据来源: WILEY