ISSN:0947-076X    

DOI:10.1002/vipr.19930050402

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0947-076X    

DOI:10.1002/vipr.19930050403

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe report shows that the development, construction and later successful operation of UHV facilities in the pressure range of ≤10−10mbar is not possible without a highly sensitive nondestructive testing technique. The example of the large technical research facility COSY is used to demonstrate that the leakage rates (≤10−10mbar · I · s−1) and surface purities required can only be achieved by strict compliance with fundamental UHV production conditions and by the rigorous application of helium leak detection techniques and mass‐spectrometric residual

ISSN:0947-076X    

DOI:10.1002/vipr.19930050404

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe aim of nuclear fusion research is to reproduce on earth the energy generating process of the sun and derive energy from the fusion of atomic nuclei. This is to be done by confining the fuel, a low‐density hydrogen plasma, in magnetic fields and heating it to high temperatures of over 100 million degrees.Research has made major progress on the way to a burning plasma. JET, the joint European experiment, is just a factor of 6 short of achieving plasma ignition. ITER, the test reactor now being planned in international cooperation, is intended to produce the first burning plasma providing energy over a long perio

ISSN:0947-076X    

DOI:10.1002/vipr.19930050405

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThere are no spectacular and innovative changes with regard to the vacuum process control technique. It is rather about minor improvements and modifications produced by developments, standards, improvements in process etc. This statement applies for all pressure respectively working ranges between atmospheric pressure and XHV.

ISSN:0947-076X    

DOI:10.1002/vipr.19930050406

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe demand for dry running vacuum‐pumps from industry, research and development is increased steadily over the last years. Specially the fact of not having oil or pump sealing fluids in the swept volume is important for many sensitive applications in semiconductor and chemical industry. The article describes the most common construction principles which are used frequently. The question why drypumps is discussed as well as the diaphragm pump, piston pump, dry rotary vane pump, roots pump and claw and claw/roots combinations with their advantages and disadvantages. The very new scroll pump gives a new way on dry pumping in the futur

ISSN:0947-076X    

DOI:10.1002/vipr.19930050407

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0947-076X    

DOI:10.1002/vipr.19930050408

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA novel plasma based radio frequency method for low energy charge compensated ion bombardment of dielectric surfaces is described. As a practical example, this technique is applied for a controlled removal of undefined leached surface layers on glass samples.

ISSN:0947-076X    

DOI:10.1002/vipr.19930050409

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA newly developed apparatus for Temperature Programmed Desorption spectroscopy (TPD) in the temperature range between 10 and 100 K is presented. It is provided for the investigation of porous solids especially for use in vacuum engineering, for instance activated charcoal and zeolithe. Favoured working regime is a linear temperature schedule with some parts of a Kelvin per minute, but all other schedules and a variation of the heating rate over the factor 10 are also available. The whole measuring process takes place automatically and under computer control – so a simultaneous registration of a large number of measured gases is possibl

ISSN:0947-076X    

DOI:10.1002/vipr.19930050410

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0947-076X    

DOI:10.1002/vipr.19930050411

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY