ISSN:0023-8333    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-1770.1992.tb01040.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study examined differences in the self‐reports of men and women regarding their attitudes, beliefs, strategies, and experience in language learning. Nine hundred and thirtyeight students of Spanish at two large institutions responded to a questionnaire that had previously yielded 11 stable factors (Bacon&Finnemann, 1990). Through discriminant analysis, we could distinguish between the responses of men and women on two language‐learning factors (LL), two dealing with authentic input (AI), and two exposure variables. The discussion includes a justification for using discriminant analysis as a statistical tool in second‐language attitude and belief res

ISSN:0023-8333    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-1770.1992.tb01041.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The purpose of this study was to examine how subtitled video programs could enhance foreign language learning. Three viewing methods were compared in a pilot study: French audio only, standard subtitling (English subtitles) and reversed subtitling (English dialogue with French titles). In two subsequent experiments, standard subtitling was replaced with bimodal input (French audio with French titles). The beginning and intermediate French college students selected for the study were tested on vocabulary recall after watching a five‐minute video excerpt ofFrench in Action.The success of reversed subtitling, which proved to be the most beneficial condition, can be explained by the way translation facilitates foreign language encoding. Retrieval is also enhanced by the multiple memory paths created by the visual and bilingual input (Paivio's bilingual dual coding model, 1986). Dual processing in the bimodal input condition also gave positive results. Based on the results of this study, a model integrating both reversed subtitling and bimodal input into a complete curriculum is advocate

ISSN:0023-8333    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-1770.1992.tb01042.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study investigated the relationship between experienced SPEAK Test raters' judgments of nonnative pronunciation and actual deviance in segmentals, prosody, and syllable structure. Sixty reading passage speech samples from SPEAK Test tapes of speakers from 11 language groups were rated impressionistically on pronunciation and later analyzed for deviance in segmentals, prosody, and syllable structure. The deviance found in each area of pronunciation was then correlated with the pronunciation ratings using Pearson correlations and multiple regression. An analysis of the 60 speakers showed that whereas deviance in segmentals, prosody, and syllable structure all showed a significant influence on the pronunciation ratings, the prosodic variable proved to have the strongest effect. When separate analyses were done on two language subgroups within the sample, prosody was always found to be significantly related to the global ratings, whereas this was not always true for the other variables investigated.

ISSN:0023-8333    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-1770.1992.tb01043.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The termmulticompetencedescribes “the compound state of a mind with two grammars” (Cook, 1991a, p. 112). This paper reviews evidence addressing two questions:1. Do people who know two languages differ from people who know only one in other respects than simply knowledge of an L2? L2 users differ from monolinguals in L1 knowledge; advanced L2 users differ from monolinguals in L2 knowledge; L2 usershave a different metalinguistic awareness from monolinguals; L2 users have different cognitive processes. These subtle differences consistently suggest that people with multicompetence are not simply equivalent to two monolinguals but are a unique combination.2. Do people who know two languages have a merged language system rather than two separate systems? The L1 and L2 share the same mentallexicon; L2 users codeswitch readily; L2 processing cannot be cut off from LI; both languages are stored in the same areas of the brain; L2 proficiency relates to L1 proficiency. This evidence suggests merged systems at some level in some areas, even if some of it is open to other interpretations.A final section discusses more general issues. Much SLA research is biased by adopting the monolingual as a norm rather than the multicompetent speaker. Multicompetence distinguishes diachronic transfer during the learner's acquisition from synchronic transfer between the two languages at a single moment of time. Multicompetence starts when there is systematic knowledge of an L2 that is not assimilated to the L1. Holistic multicompetence is seen as an offshoot of polylectal grammar theory applied to monolinguals. Language teaching should try to produce multicompetent individuals not ersatz native speak

ISSN:0023-8333    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-1770.1992.tb01044.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper examines the kinds of cultural messages a second language teacher displays through classroom interaction. The study analyzes teacher/student interaction in two beginning ESL classes in light of the language socialization perspective articulated by Ochs and Schieffelin, (1984; cf., Schieffelin&Ochs, 1986a; 1986b; Ochs 1988). This approach views the acquisition of linguistic and sociocultural knowledge as integral to one another, and points to the pervasive influence of cultural norms and ideologies on various forms of expert‐novice communication. The data demonstrate that routine interactional sequences in these classrooms are consistent with a number of Ochs and Schieffelin's interpretations of middle class American caregiver language and suggest that a teacher's language behavior is culturally motivated to an extent not generally acknowledged in most L2 literature. Discussion will focus specifically on how classroom discourse features encode cultural norms and beliefs with respect to (a) expert accommodation of novice incompetence, (b) task accomplishment, and (c) the display of asymmetr

ISSN:0023-8333    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-1770.1992.tb01045.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Variation in Interlanguage Morphology.Richard Young.Foreign Workers' German: A Concise Glossary of Verbal Phrases.Carol A. Blackshire‐Belay.New Sounds 90.Jonathan Leather and Allan James (Eds.

ISSN:0023-8333    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-1770.1992.tb01046.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0023-8333    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-1770.1992.tb01047.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY