ISSN:0887-5367    

DOI:10.1111/j.1527-2001.1989.tb00568.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The field of ethics is enjoying a much‐needed renaissance. Traditional theories and approaches are appropriately coming under fire, although not every new idea will stand time's test. Feminist thinking suggests that we at least emphasize the importance of women and their interests, focus on issues specially affecting women, rethink fundamental assumptions, incorporate feminist insights and conclusions from other areas, and be consistent with respect to our concerns about equality by paying attention to race and clas

ISSN:0887-5367    

DOI:10.1111/j.1527-2001.1989.tb00569.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Work on representing women's voices in ethics has produced a vision of moral understanding profoundly subversive of the traditional philosophical conception of moral knowledge. 1 explicate this alternative moral “epistemology,” identify how it challenges the prevailing view, and indicate some of its resources for a liberatory feminist critique of philosophical eth

ISSN:0887-5367    

DOI:10.1111/j.1527-2001.1989.tb00570.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper claims that recent attempts to draw on the maternal experiences of women in order to articulate an ethic of care and compassion is a new romanticism. Like earlier romantic views, it is both attractive and potentially dangerous. The paper examines the basic claims of this new romanticism in order to identify both its strengths and weaknesses. I conclude that there are at least two versions of this new romanticism, one that relies primarily on the experiences of child‐bearing in grounding” an ethic of care and compassion, and a second that relies primarily on child‐rearing. I suggest that the former version of the new romanticism is deeply flawed be‐cause such a view ought to be unacceptable to women and will be inaccessible

ISSN:0887-5367    

DOI:10.1111/j.1527-2001.1989.tb00571.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Institutional ethics committees (lECs) in health care facilities now create moral policy, provide moral education, and consult with physicians and other health care workers. After sketching reasons for the development of IECs, this paper first examines the predominant moral standards it is often assumed lECs are now using, these standards being neo‐Kantian principles of justice and utilitarian principles of the greatest good. Then, it is argued that a feminine ethics of care, as posited by Carol Gilligan and Nel Noddings, is an unacknowledged basis for /EC discussions and decisions. Further, it is suggested that feminine ethics of care can and should provide underlying theoretical tools and standards for lEC

ISSN:0887-5367    

DOI:10.1111/j.1527-2001.1989.tb00572.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Feminist ethics and medical ethics are critical of contemporary moral theory in several similar respects. There is a shared sense of frustration with, the level of abstraction and generality that characterizes traditional philosophic work in ethics and a common commitment to including contextual details and allowing room for the personal aspects of relationships in ethical analysis. This paper explores the ways in which context is appealed to in feminist and medical ethics, the sort of details that should be included in the recommended narrative approaches to ethical problems, and the difference it makes to our ethical deliberations if we add an explicitly feminist political analysis to our discussion of context. It is claimed that an analysis of gender is needed for feminist medical ethics and that this requires a certain degree of gener‐ality, i. e. a political understanding of contex

ISSN:0887-5367    

DOI:10.1111/j.1527-2001.1989.tb00573.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

I explore some new directions—suggested by feminism—for medical ethics and for philosophical ethics generally. Moral philosophers need to confront two issues. The first is deciding which moral issues merit attention. Questions which incorporate the perspectives of women need to be posed—e. g., about the unequal treatment of women in health care, about the roles of physician and nurse, and about relationship issues other than power struggles. “Crisis issues” currently dominate medical ethics, to the neglect of what I call “housekeeping issues.” The second issue is how philosophical moral debates are conducted, especially how ulterior motives influence our beliefs and arguments. Both what we select—and neglect—to study as well as the “games” we play may be sending a message as loud as the words

ISSN:0887-5367    

DOI:10.1111/j.1527-2001.1989.tb00574.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The development of nursing ethics as a field of inquiry has largely relied on theories of medical ethics that use autonomy, beneficence, and/or justice as foundational ethical principles. Such theories espouse a masculine approach to moral decision “making and ethical analysis. This paper challenges the presumption of medical ethics and its associated system of moral justification as an appropriate model for nursing ethics. It argues that the value foundations of nursing ethics are located within the existential phenomenon of human caring within the nurse/patient relationship instead of in models of patient good or rights‐based notions of autonomy as articulated in prominent theories of medical ethics. Models of caring are analyzed and a moral‐point‐of‐view (MPV) theory with caring as a fundamental value is proposed for the development of a theory of nursing ethics. This type of theory is supportive to feminist medical ethics because it focuses on the subscription to, and not merely the acceptance of, a particular view of

ISSN:0887-5367    

DOI:10.1111/j.1527-2001.1989.tb00575.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We need a feminist theory of disability, both because 16 percent of women are disabled, and because the oppression of disabled people is closely linked to the cultural oppression of the body. Disability is not a biological given; like gender, it is socially constructed from biological reality. Our culture idealizes the body and demands that we control it. Thus, although most people will be disabled at some time in their lives, the disabled are made “the other,” who symbolize failure of control and the threat of pain, limitation, dependency, and death. If disabled people and their knowledge were fully integrated into society, everyone's relation to her/his real body would be libera

ISSN:0887-5367    

DOI:10.1111/j.1527-2001.1989.tb00576.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Since modern medicine is based substantially in clinical medical research, the flaws and ethical problems that arise in this research as it is conceived and practiced in the United States are likely to be reflected to some extent in current medicine and its practice. This paper explores some of the ways in which clinical research has suffered from an androcentric focus in its choice and definition of problems studied, approaches and methods used in design and interpretation of experiments, and theories and conclusions drawn from the research. Some examples of re‐visioned research hint at solutions to the ethical dilemmas created by this biased focus; an increased number of feminists involved in clinical research may provide avenues for additional changes that would lead to improved health care for al

ISSN:0887-5367    

DOI:10.1111/j.1527-2001.1989.tb00577.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY