摘要:

AbstractStudents of the Naval Academy Preparatory School (NAPS) class of 1978 to 1979 were randomly divided into three groups, one-third of the class receiving their correction for distant vision with a no. 1 pink tint to be used for reading (the placebo group); one-third of the class receiving +1.25 D added to their distance correction with 2A base-in each eye, in glasses to be used for reading; and one-third of the class receiving bifocals, incorporating their distance correction with a + 1.50 D near addition. The refractive error at distance for all 232 students was determined under cycloplegia. At the end of 5 months, a repeat cycloplegic refraction showed nonsignificant myopic shifts (Wilcoxon test) of −0.08 ± 0.29 D in the placebo group, −0.07 ± 0.25 D in the plus-with-prism group, and −0.06 ± 0.18 D in the bifocal group. This research note is preliminary to a followup at academic graduation of these same students from the Naval Academy in 1983.

ISSN:0093-7002    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

AbstractThe effect of base curve and diameter variation on the fit of DuraSoft lenses was evaluated in terms of eight clinical fitting criteria: refraction, lens position, centering ability, stability of vision, amount and direction of movement, subjective comfort, and corneal physiological response. The minimum or critical intervals of base curve and diameter change necessary to produce significant changes in these criteria were determined. The results are discussed in relation to the design of diagnostic sets of lenses and the changes necessary to produce effective variations in clinical fit.

ISSN:0093-7002    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

AbstractUsing double-masking procedures, the mydriatic and cycloplegic effects of 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1.0% tropicamide were studied. All doses produced clinically useful mydriasis of at least 6-mm pupils. Using testing conditions of both normal (35 ft-c) and bright (150 ft-c) illumination, no mydriatic dose-response differences for the four concentrations were found. Cycloplegic effects were dose related. A single drop of either 0.75 or 1.0% tropicamide reduced the amplitude of accommodation to about 1.5 D, which is adequate for a cycloplegic refraction.

ISSN:0093-7002    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

AbstractThe vessel deviation to disc ratio (VDR) of the optic nerve head can be defined for a given meridian as the ratio of the size of the cup as indicated by small blood vessel deviation in that meridian to the size of the disc. Thus, VDR is a relative measure similar to cup/disc ratio. The difference between VDR and other methods of measuring cup/disc ratio is that the former identifies the rim of the cup with the deviation or bending of the small blood vessels as they fan out over the disc, whereas the latter determine the location by the other criteria which vary from examiner to examiner. The purpose of this study is to quantify the variation in VDR and its relation to age, refractive error, and sex.

ISSN:0093-7002    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

AbstractSome of the data of Flom and that of Boucher are analyzed using binocular disparity analysis in order to show the resulting apparent changes in horopter disparities in patients with anomalous correspondence brought about by alternate monocular fixation, binocular fixation, surgery, and prism. The problem of eye movements during horopter determinations is discussed.

ISSN:0093-7002    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

AbstractThe aniseikonic ellipse is derived from the meridional magnification effects of the two eyes on a circular object and represents the aniseikonic ratio in all meridians. It facilitates the analysis and prediction of aniseikonic space distortions. This study shows how the concept can be applied not only to lens magnification but also to the distortion and nonuniform magnification produced by prisms. Since prism images of a circle are asymmetrical, the corresponding aniseikonic “ellipse” is also asymmetrical. Moreover, its dimensions will vary with the nonuniform magnification across the prism. However, for small portions of the prism field it can be used conventionally as for lenses. In addition, the nonlinear binocular distortions occurring over larger portions of the field can be derived from the aggregate effect of representative aniseikonic ellipses in the various portions of the prism.

ISSN:0093-7002    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

AbstractSeveral investigators have reported that significant corneal edema develops when daily wear hydrogel lenses are worn with the eyes closed. The amount of edema that develops when extended wear hydrogel lenses are worn with eye closure is not well documented. This study compared the amount of corneal edema that developed when subjects wore one daily wear lens with the edema that developed when they wore three lens types designed for extended wear. The daily wear lens was the U3 series Bausch & Lomb Soflens contact lens. The extended wear lenses were the Cooper Permalens, the Soft Lens Hydrocurve II 55 lens, and the Sauflon PW lens. The five subjects developed only small amounts of corneal edema when they wore the four lens types under opened-eye conditions but they developed significant amounts of corneal edema when they wore the four lens types for 3-hr periods with eye closure. The amount of corneal edema correlated well with the oxygen transmissibility (DK/ L) of the study lenses. The results can be used to predict the amount of corneal edema that the average patient will develop initially when wearing a hydrogel lens of known water content or oxygen permeability (DK) and thickness (L) under opened and closed-eye conditions.

ISSN:0093-7002    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

AbstractQuantification and retrieval of data in vision therapy is a difficult task for both the private practitioner and optometric educator. The problem-oriented record provides an organizational approach that readily identifies patient's problems, therapeutic objectives, and the results of administered therapy.A minimum data base and the resultant problem list for vision therapy has been designed by us. By combining these two through a system of coding, a ready computer data retrieval system was devised. This system provides a method to clearly define terms, objectives, and results. Utilization of this record system by optometric schools and practitioners should reduce much of the confusion existing in the specialty field of vision therapy.

ISSN:0093-7002    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

AbstractAs a general rule the near addition (add) for a presbyope is selected so that the range of clear vision is dioptrically and not linearly balanced. Implicit in such thinking is the assumption that the dioptric and linear range of clear vision cannot be simultaneously balanced. Assuming that the range of clear vision for the absolute presbyope is due to depth of field and assuming also that the blur circle theory adequately describes the limits of depth of field, I will show that the dioptric and linear range of clear vision can indeed be simultaneously balanced. The results are independent of the actual position of the reference plane from which the measurements are made.

ISSN:0093-7002    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

AbstractThe needs of the visually handicapped are, at times, neglected by our profession. This is partly due to the fact that inadequate guidelines exist to guide the occasional low vision practitioner. In an effort to shed more light on this problem, the characteristics of 84 low vision rehabilitants were studied.This group, as a whole, achieved a very high rate of success. Significant differences were found to exist between the successful and unsuccessful groups on measurements of amounts of money spent, number of devices prescribed, and best corrected visual acuity (conventional spectacles). A fourth variable, age, showed that substantial difference existed between the two groups.Possible explanations, implications, and the need for future research are discussed.

ISSN:0093-7002    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID