摘要:

Two complete optometric examinations conducted 3 months apart with 38 nonpregnant and 93 pregnant subjects (divided equally into three groups based on the trimester of pregnancy in which examinations were done) were conducted. Differences between the findings were compared by analyses of variance and t-tests. Refractive error, corneal curvature and thickness, accommodative amplitude, AC/A ratio, and fusion break ranges were not found to change significantly during pregnancy.

ISSN:0093-7002    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A simple method for judging the desiccation of a hydrophilic lens, while on the eye, is described. This involves subjective determination of the loss in “crispness” and “regularity” of the keratometer mire reflected off the anterior lens surface in between blinks. The time interval between a complete blink and the moment of loss of regularity of the reflex was monitored over a 6 month period for subjects wearing a commercially available 67% water content contact lens. This time interval appears to remain constant, and is, on average, comparable with the normal interblink period.

ISSN:0093-7002    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Ocular fundus photographs of the optic nerve head of 396 normal eyes were obtained. An ellipse was fitted to points digitized around the circumference of each nerve head. The length of the major and minor axes, and the orientation of the major axes were determined. This paper gives frequency distributions for the degree of ellipticalness of 396 nerve heads. The long axis is on average 11.5% longer than the short axis and the top of the long axis tends on average to be tilted toward the midline of the head by 10°. In addition, it appears that the population of Elschnig type III nerve heads includes higher elliptical values than that for the Elschnig type II nerve heads.

ISSN:0093-7002    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Different results obtained by different methods of retinal correspondence testing are generally accepted to be a sign of the depth of the anomalous sensory adaptation. The Bagolini striated lens test is considered a standard “natural” test to which others are compared. In this study, the Bagolini striated lens test was performed on 25 strabismic subjects using three target sizes in order to determine if target size might be a factor in response variability. Kappa Measure of Agreement, used to analyze the results statistically, showed a moderately high to high level of agreement among the three targets. This indicates that practitioners can feel confident of consistent test results on the striated lens test using any of the three readily available target sizes selected. A brief literature review has been provided as a guide to the theories of strabismus and correspondence and to emphasize the purpose of this research.

ISSN:0093-7002    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This study was designed to evaluate the reliability of the accommodative facility testing procedure. Sixty-six subjects, ages 8 to 12 years, were studied over 3 consecutive weeks. Monocular and binocular accommodative facility, using plus and minus 2 D lenses, was performed each week. Statistical analysis showed a significant mean increase in cycles per minute (cpm) between initial and subsequent testing periods, both monocular and binocular, for all subjects as a group. The most dramatic increases were observed among subjects who scored below established norms initially. To evaluate the effect of test-retest variability on the subject's pass/fail status the first test period results were used to categorize the subjects as pass or fail. Passing was ≥11 cpm monocularly, ≥8 cpm binocularly. Failing was <11 cpm monocularly, <8 cpm binocularly. Subsequent test results were compared to the initial testing results to determine the pass/fail reliability of the testing procedure. No significant differences were found to occur in either the monocular or binocular “pass” category. However, a significant increase in the passing rate from the initial to the subsequent testing periods for both the monocular and binocular facility rates was observed in the “fail” category. Dividing the fail group into “low-fails” (<6 cpm monocularly, <3 cpm binocularly) and “high-fails” (>6 < 11 cpm monocularly, >3 <8 cpm binocularly) indicated this significant increase was principally in the high-fail group.

ISSN:0093-7002    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The intertest pass/fail reliability of the Jordan left-right reversal test (JRT) and reversals frequency test (RFT) was compared on 510 “regular classroom” and 126 “learning handicapped” children. Children were divided into two age groups, 5 to 8 years and 9 to 13 years. Teachers completed a questionnaire assessing whether they felt a reversal problem existed. Statistical analysis showed low to moderate agreement between the pass/fail rate of the two tests (p < 0.001) for both age groups of normal children; however, no statistical agreement was found for either age group of learning handicapped children. There was only very low agreement between the teacher's assessment of reversals and the pass/fail rates for both age groups of normals and the 9− to 13-year-old learning handicapped group. No agreement was found for the 5− to 8-year-old learning handicapped group. The effect of test design and recommendations for the clinical investigation of reversals are discussed.

ISSN:0093-7002    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The purpose of this study was to determine the size and shape of infant eyes having a unilateral congenital cataract. Fourteen infants presenting consecutively with a unilateral congenital cataract were studied. Ages ranged from 1.3 to 6 months (mean 3.7 months). Corneal curvature ranged from 43.00 to 49.50 D (mean 45.6 D). Refractive error at the corneal plane ranged from +23.50 to +34.00 D (mean +28.07 D). The axial length ranged from 16.49 to 20.09 mm (mean 18.41 mm). Microcornea was found in eight infants. There was rapid growth in eye size from normal neonatal dimensions. No significant relation was found among the following: corneal curvature and age; refractive error and age; axial length and age or presence of microcornea; and corneal curvature and refractive error. Corneal vault may be an important factor in fitting contact lenses to aphakic infants. Contact lenses for infants should be designed based on the dimensions of the infant eye.

ISSN:0093-7002    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The Standard Pseudoisochromatic Plates (SPP) color vision test was compared to the Ishihara color vision test with respect to screening validity, digit confusion errors, and individual plate efficiency. Results from 315 1st and 3rd grade males confirmed previous reports that the SPP is an effective screening test. Moreover, the SPP test was superior to the Ishihara test with respect to digit confusion errors. Color normal children made about 5 to 7 times as many errors on the Ishihara test as on the SPP. Screening inefficiency values of individual plates of both tests were calculated. A high inefficiency value of a SPP plate was usually caused by its inability to detect color defective subjects.

ISSN:0093-7002    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Photographs of the corneal endothelium are taken usually with special purpose cameras or by using the Holden-Zantos technique with a conventional photo slitlamp. The latter method requires the camera back to be mounted on the photo slitlamp eyepiece and the resulting slide to be magnified by being rephotographed with a slide copier. This report describes another way of obtaining the requisite magnification using a teleconverter placed before the camera back mounted in its usual position and special darkroom techniques exploiting the properties of Kodak Technical Pan, a fine grain, variable contrast film.

ISSN:0093-7002    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0093-7002    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID