摘要:

The chromosomal locus of the human corticotropin releasing hormone (hCRH) gene was assigned to chromosome 8 using Southern blot analysis of human × rodent cell hybrids and was localized to band 8q 13 using in situ hybridization to metaphase chromosomes. The absence of secondary hybridization strongly suggests that hypothalamic and placental CRH are transcribed from the same gene

ISSN:1424-8581    

DOI:10.1159/000132525

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Electron microscopy (EM) provides much higher resolution than that obtained with light microscopy (LM). Until now, however, no chromosome banding procedure specifically adapted for EM was available. To produce an easy and reproducible banding method that would allow accurate chromosome identification, we investigated the applicability of an immunochemical method. BrdU-substituted chromosomal regions can be accurately visualized by applying a monoclonal antibody against BrdU, followed by a gold-tagged secondary antibody. Since BrdU is incorporated during the last part of the S-phase, regions of darkly stained G- and C-bands are substituted. A characteristic C-banding pattern is revealed, and the G-banding obtained is sharp and allows discrimination between subbands. Its similarity with the classical G-banding observed by LM makes it easy to interpret and facilitates karyotyping.

ISSN:1424-8581    

DOI:10.1159/000132526

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

We have localized a cDNA fragment that codes for human DNA polymerase-β. Using somatic cell and in situ hybridization techniques, this cDNA was cloned by screening a human KM-3 cell cDNA library in λgt 11 for expression of fused β-galactosidase-human DNA polymerase-β proteins. We have mapped this human polymerase-β gene to the short arm of chromosome 8 in the subregion 8p11

ISSN:1424-8581    

DOI:10.1159/000132527

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Mo use phenylalanine hydroxylase has been localized on chromosome 10C2→D1 by in situ hybridization using a mouse phenylalanine hydroxylase cDNA clone. This locus is distinct from the hyperphenylalaninemia locus on chromosome 14 and the locus for tyrosine hydroxylase on chromosome

ISSN:1424-8581    

DOI:10.1159/000132528

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Four probes known to allow DNA fingerprinting in the human (M13, Jeffreys’ core sequence, the human α globin hypervariable region [HVR], and a mouse probe related to the Drosophila Per gene) were checked for their ability to reveal “genetic bar codes” in cattle, horses, pigs, dogs, chickens, and a European cyprinid fish, the barbel (Barbus barbus L.). Individual-specific patterns were obtained in cattle using M13, Jeffreys’ core sequence, and the α globin HVR, in horses, dogs, and pigs using M13, Jeffreys’ core sequence, and the Per probe, and in chicken and fish using the four different probes. Although we observed a considerable heterogeneity in the extent of interindividual variation, depending on the particular probe-species combination, the fingerprints are polymorphic enough to be used efficiently in animal identification, paternity testing, and as a source of genetic markers for linkage analysis. These markers should substantially accelerate the mapping of genes affecting economically impor

ISSN:1424-8581    

DOI:10.1159/000132529

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Pyruvate kinase (PK) is an important enzyme for ATP production in the glycolytic pathway. Deficiency of this enzyme in erythrocytes is characterized by hemolytic anemia. Using in situ hybridization, we have mapped the human liver-type pyruvate kinase gene (PKL) to band q21 of chromosome 1.

ISSN:1424-8581    

DOI:10.1159/000132530

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Anecdotal reports of fertility in female mules (jack donkey × mare) and hinnies (stallion × jenny donkey) have appeared in the literature over the years, but scientists have generally regarded them with scepticism. The fact that some of these hybrids can come into estrous and ovulate makes fertility conceivable, given that opportunity for mating arises. In China, where mules are bred extensively for work on the farms, a fertile female mule and a fertile female hinny have now been verified by chromosomal investigation. Each had mated with a donkey and produced a filly foal. The foals show unique hybrid karyotypes different from the mule’s or hinny’s and different from each other’s. The studies make it clear that mule and hinny fertility, at least for the female hybrid, is a real poss

ISSN:1424-8581    

DOI:10.1159/000132531

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Cases of gonadal dysgenesis, both Turner syndrome and mixed, were studied with Y centromeric and short-arm probes. The Y-centromeric alphoid repeat clone, Y97, allowed sensitive detection of Y-chromosomal material in marker chromosomes or mosaics by in situ analysis or Southern hybridization with purified DNA. The Y short-arm probe, p75/79, allowed detection of sequences normally associated with proximal Yp by Southern analysis. The presence of DNA fragments characteristic of Yp correlates well with partial male sexual differentiation in the cases of mixed gonadal dysgenesis. Thus, the combined use of molecular and cytogenetic techniques has proven to be a powerful approach to the analysis of chromosomal sex disorders.

ISSN:1424-8581    

DOI:10.1159/000132532

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

We have cloned and characterized two distinct types of alphoid DNA elements. Probe pG-Xbal 1/340 was obtained by random cloning of human satellite DNA and contains two basic units with overall 88% homology to the 171 -bp consensus alphoid sequence. pG-Xball/340-like elements are represented about 2,000-4,000 times in the haploid genome and, by in situ hybridization, are found exclusively at the primary constrictions of chromosomes 4 and 9. Probe pG-A16 was cloned from a chromosome 19-specific cosmid library and represents a 2.25-kb higher-order DNA element which is present at roughly 75-150 copies per haploid genome and which hybridizes to the centromeres of chromosomes 5 and 19. Using the pG-A16 probe, further genetic and physical dissection of the central area of chromosome 19 can be envisaged.

ISSN:1424-8581    

DOI:10.1159/000132533

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Using a cDNA for glycophorin A (MN), we screened 10 unrelated Caucasians using 22 restriction enzymes for RFLPs. A common Stul RFLP was identified and shown to be in marked linkage disequilibrium with both the MN and Ss blood-group antigens in a larger group of unrelated Caucasians. This provides a DNA marker for a locus that has been of major importance in genetic and population studies. The demonstrated disequilibrium will prove useful in localizing the gene for glycophorin B and in studies of genetic and physical distances on human chromosomes.

ISSN:1424-8581    

DOI:10.1159/000132534

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger