摘要:

The amounts of nuclear DNA and the AT and GC content of four Eulemur (Prosimii, Lemuridae) species and of an E. coronatus × E. macaco hybrid were measured by flow cytometry in peripheral blood leukocytes, following propidium iodide, Hoechst 33258, and mithramycin staining. Hoechst 33258 and mithramycin were also used to evaluate the base composition of genomic DNA in the chromosomes. The amount of DNA resisting C-banding pretreatment (C-heterochromatic DNA) was measured in metaphase chromosomes by static fiuorometry. The genome of E. coronatus was significantly larger than the genomes of all other species examined, due to a higher content of pericentromeric, mainly GC-rich, heterochromatic DNA. The restriction banding patterns produced by BamRl digestion and ethidium bromide staining on extracted DNA were studied in the hybrid and its parental species (E. coronatus and E. macaco). The restriction banding pattern of the sole E. coronatus individual showed two bands which were repeated in the restriction banding pattern of the hybrid. The qualitative and quantitative differences of C-heterochromatic DNA in E. coronatus confirm the “splitting” processes and the phylogenetic relationships in the genus Eulemur suggested by Jung et al. (1992) on the basis of the restriction banding patterns produced by endonuclease diges

ISSN:1424-8581    

DOI:10.1159/000133490

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Bovine omega (IFNW) and trophoblast (IFNT) interferon genes were assigned to bovine syntenic group U18 by somatic cell genetics. Fluorescent in situ hybridization subsequently localized these genes to bovine chromosome 8 band 15. This assignment conflicts with a previous assignment of U17 genes to the same chromosome.

ISSN:1424-8581    

DOI:10.1159/000133491

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Azacytidine (ACR) is known to induce uncoiling and somatic association involving the constitutive heterochromatin of human chromosomes 1, 9, 15, and 16 and the Y. These regions are composed of alphoid and classical satellite DNA sequences. Using specific probes for chromosomes 1 and 16, we have performed two-color fluorescence in situ hybridization on human lymphocytes cultured in the presence of ACR. We demonstrate that for these two chromosomes (1) uncoiling and association specifically occur in classical satellite-containing regions at the first cell generation, (2) breakages also affect these regions, and (3) somatic recombinations occur between these regions and lead to translocations at the next cell generation. These results suggest that changes in methylation of repetitive DNA sequences are related to chromosomal instability occurring during cell transformation and tumorigenesis.

ISSN:1424-8581    

DOI:10.1159/000133492

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In this study we have used a testicular biopsy from a human male with a 46, XY, t(1;11)(p36.3;q13.1) karyotype. Fluorescence in situ hybridisation with whole chromosome libraries and paracentromeric probes were applied to identify normal and derived chromosomes 1 and 11 in both first metaphase (MI) and second metaphase (MII) cells. The chiasma frequency distribution was established in the quadrivalent. A large proportion of MI cells was found to have at least one interstitial chiasma, resulting at MII in dimorphic chromosomes bearing one normal and one translocated chromatid. Alternate, adjacent I, adjacent II, and 3:1 products were all identified at MII. More than half of the cells analysed could not be assigned to a single segregation category because of the presence of interstitial chiasmata. Such MII cells could have arisen from either alternate or adjacent I segregation. We also calculated the proportion of sperm expected to be normal, balanced, and unbalanced. The latter data are in agreement with the results reported by Spriggs et al. (1992), who karyotyped sperm from the same individual.

ISSN:1424-8581    

DOI:10.1159/000133493

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The development and application of a highly sensitive double-target fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) method in combination with immunohistochemistry for detection of chromosome 1 abnormalities in interphase nuclei of neuroblastoma samples is reported. An α-satellite probe specific for chromosome 1 and a VNTR probe that hybridizes to chromosome band lp36.3 were hybridized to GD2 prestained neuroblastoma cells in double-target FISH experiments. The ratio of intact to deleted chromosome 1 homologs in the neuroblastoma cells was assessed. To demonstrate the reliability of the method described, four selected samples derived from different neuroblastoma stages are presented. FISH results correlated well with data obtained by conventional cytogenetic procedures. The technique described allows sensitive detection of chromosome 1 abnormalities in interphase nuclei and enables partial cytogenetic analysis of nondividing cells with a defined immunological phenotype

ISSN:1424-8581    

DOI:10.1159/000133494

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Multilocus linkage analysis has suggested that the Waardenburg syndrome type 1 (WS1) locus is flanked by placental alkaline phosphatase (ALPP) and fibronectin 1 (FNl). We used fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to map ALPI (intestinal alkaline phosphatase) to 2q36.3-q37.1 and FNl to 2q34. FISH also showed that a WS1 patient with a de novo interstitial deletion of 2q35-q36.1 retained both ALPI and FNl on the deleted chromosome. The human PAX3 gene has been shown previously to be mutated in at least two WS1 patients. We mapped a PCR product from the PAX3 gene to 2q35 and found it was absent in the deleted chromosome. Thus, our FISH mapping results confirm the conclusions from previous linkage analysis and support the conclusion that mutation of the PAX3 gene can cause Waardenburg sydrome.

ISSN:1424-8581    

DOI:10.1159/000133495

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The FES oncogene was previously localized to human chromosome 15 by analysis of mouse × human somatic cell hybrids and to 15q26 by in situ hybridization of a radioacively labeled probe. In the present study, using fluorescence in situ hybridization, we have determined the precise map position of FES at 15q26.1

ISSN:1424-8581    

DOI:10.1159/000133496

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The gene for the α isoform of the catalytic subunit of human protein phosphatase 2A (PPP2CA) was localized to chromosome 5 using somatic cell hybrids, and then more finely mapped to chromosome region 5q23→q31 by in situ hybridization using a tritiated cDNA probe. The gene for the β isoform of the catalytic subunit of this enzyme (PPP2CB) was mapped by the polymerase chain reaction to human chromosome 8 using somatic cell hybrids. Fluorescence in situ hybridization was then used to localize the PPP2CB gene to 8p12→p11.2, using a mixture of three genomic probes that ranged from 3.5 to 8 kb in size. Finally, Southern blot analysis of somatic cell hybrid DNA suggested that a PPP2CB catalytic subunit pseudogene (PPP2CBP) is on chromoso

ISSN:1424-8581    

DOI:10.1159/000133497

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The human gene B2-1 has significant homology to the yeast gene SEC7. By PCR analysis of a human × rodent hybrid panel, the B2-1 gene was assigned to chromosome 17. Fluorescence in situ hybridization localized the gene to 17qter

ISSN:1424-8581    

DOI:10.1159/000133498

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The lipoprotein lipase gene (LPL) was mapped to chromosome band 8p22 by in situ hybridization to human chromosomes. This confirms the status of this assignment, which was still provisional.

ISSN:1424-8581    

DOI:10.1159/000133499

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger