ISSN:0265-8240    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9930.1984.tb00333.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Enforcement strategies that encourage “voluntary compliance” can improve regulatory efficiency by reducing unnecessary enforcement and compliance costs associated with legal confrontation between firms and agencies. This article analyzes the enforcement dilemma that causes confrontation and describes a “Tit for Tat” strategy capable of increasing socially beneficial cooperation. The strategy requires agencies to be reasonable toward cooperative firms, vengeful toward cheaters, unrelenting in pursuit of chronic evaders, but conciliatory toward repentant firms. Reforms in this neglected and poorly understood part of the regulatory process could yield considerable social b

ISSN:0265-8240    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9930.1984.tb00334.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Physicians who defraud and abuse medical benefit programs provide a unique group of lawbreakers for scientific study. They could be considered to epitomize white collar criminals given their exceedingly high socioeconomic status and power as a professional group. Using official reports and documents, as well as interviews with enforcement and program personnel at both state and federal levels, this study examines the problem of physician fraud and abuse in Medicare and Medicaid. Major areas relevant to understanding this phenomenon and its control are presented and policy implications of present knowledge in the area are discussed.

ISSN:0265-8240    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9930.1984.tb00335.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

As a case study of policy distortion in the legal and regulatory processes, this article first establishes the incongruities among the political, scientific, and legal issues surrounding OSHA's Cancer Policy and then examines the political consequences of ignoring these incongruities in judicial and administrative decisions about that policy. By delineating the political, scientific, and legal issues involved, we develop a basis for assessing the Supreme Court's difficulties in reviewing the Cancer Policy. These difficulties are related to the issue of regulatory reform, as indicated by the subsequent fate of OSHA's Cancer Policy under the Reagan administration. This article concludes with reflections upon regulatory reform in the light of the current status of OSHA's regulation of workplace carcinogens.

ISSN:0265-8240    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9930.1984.tb00336.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A common justification for the use of trial‐type procedures in administrative agency decisionmaking is the assertion that such procedures will help legitimize decisions or increase their acceptability. Writers who take this position often assume that members of affected interest groups have fixed attitudes toward decisionmaking procedures, that such attitudes are highly salient, and that perceptions of procedural acceptability will not be greatly influenced by the social setting. This article reports on the results of a survey administered to witnesses in federal agency rulemaking proceedings which indicate that procedural attitudes have low salience, are mobilizable rather than fixed, and are strongly influenced by the activities of intermediary organizations such as trade associations and public interest groups. These findings imply particular strategies for designing and implementing regulatory procedure

ISSN:0265-8240    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9930.1984.tb00337.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY