ISSN:0265-8240    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9930.1986.tb00373.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper examines the hypothesis that crime rates and the availability of firearms form a “vicious circle,” so that increases in one lead to increases in the other. Two waves of panel data are used to estimate the relationship between rates of robbery and the relative availability of guns in a sample of large U.S. cities. The results indicate that total robbery rates and gun availability had no influence on each other, but that weapons choice in robbery and gun availability did form a mutually reinforcing cycle. Some implications of these findings are conside

ISSN:0265-8240    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9930.1986.tb00374.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This article explores the influence of local groups on the strategies employed by poverty lawyers in representing clients. Data collected from one suburban legal services program suggest that despite attitudinal predispositions to initiate law reform litigation, poverty lawyers are constrained in their use of social reform strategies by local organizations opposed to such activity. I argue that politics inevitably affect poverty lawyer behavior due to the nature of legal services work and programmatic features of the national Legal Services Corporation. I assess the implications of these findings for federal control of local programs.

ISSN:0265-8240    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9930.1986.tb00375.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Constitutional “equal protection” has a technical meaning that orients legal thinking. Its roots are in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) and the relationship between separation of the races in schools, theaters, and other public places and the guarantee of material or physical equality. Brown v. The Board of Education (1954), in eliminating separation from constitutional protection also eliminated the constitutional promise of material equality.The approach to this ideology turns away from outcomes in order to get to the meanings, standards and conceptual parameters that influence the application of constitutional discourse to discrimination against those with inadequate me

ISSN:0265-8240    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9930.1986.tb00376.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper reviews recent American proposals to reform the system for compensating victims of pollution and compares them with the Japanese approach. American proposals fall into three categories: balanced approaches that combine administrative relief with tort reform; proposals that would provide administrative relief but eliminate tort remedies; and proposals to reform tort law which have nothing to say about administrative relief. While American policy‐makers are still groping for a solution, in Japan tort law changes provided the rationale for a system of administrative relief that preserves the victims' right to sue. While the Japanese approach is not perfect, the early development of a policy reduced legal and political uncertainties and provided a stable environment for economic growt

ISSN:0265-8240    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9930.1986.tb00377.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Despite disruptive and costly impacts of imports, the U.S. maintains adherence to an ideal of free trade as the goal of trade policy. This article questions that axiomatic preference in arguing that goods from low‐wage and non‐market economies pose significant trade policy issues.It sets forth the costly effects of such imports on workers and producers and asks whether trade benefits are commensurate. It addresses the fairness of competition between American and non‐market producers as well as the viability of U. S. fair trade safeguards.The article ultimately observes that there is a basic conflict of interest between comparatively less developed low‐wage countries and high‐cost, high‐employment nations and that free trade theory does not produce an acceptable resolution of this conflict. At stake for the U.S. is its standard of living and its social values as well. Management of trade thus is not a vestige but an essential part of this nation's

ISSN:0265-8240    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9930.1986.tb00378.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY