ISSN:0265-8240    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9930.1983.tb00293.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Even when federal authorities were legally empowered to impose a death sentence, the sanction was rarely carried out. Between 1930 and 1976, there were only 33 such executions. During the past decade, bills, both imposing and abolishing capital punishment, have been introduced repeatedly in the U.S. Congress. Furthermore, certain members of Congress have demonstrated intense interest in such efforts. The continued debate and interest is better explained by the symbolic rather than tangible components of such legislation. This article examines four aspects of the symbolic component of federal death penalty legislation: reassurance function, moral‐educative function, model for the states, and the deterrence debat

ISSN:0265-8240    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9930.1983.tb00294.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Upon entering the legal realm, the expert witness must begin to define his or her role and establish a working relationship with the attorneys. The authors recommend that relationships between the social scientist and the attorneys be subject to clear and explicit agreements and that the role of the expert witness be defined so that the social scientist maintains control of any needed research. Potential expert witnesses should be aware of the unique research problems they may encounter and be prepared to deal with these obstacles. Throughout the research, the expert should be cognizant of the adversarial setting in which the results will be presented, and must carefully document and substantiate the research accordingly. Finally, the social scientist should be aware of the potential consequences of participating as an expert witness.

ISSN:0265-8240    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9930.1983.tb00295.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This article is concerned with the transformation of private troubles into social and legal problems. It is argued that this transformation process involves a micro‐and macro‐politics of claims‐making. Data are presented on police certification and state compensation of sexual assault claims in a mid western state. The largest urban area in this state is distinguished by the collective claims‐making of antirape activists, and by the resulting presence of a sexual assault treatment center, which we expected would reduce the influence of racial characteristics on police certifications of innocence, while correspondingly increasing the influence of police certifications on the success of compensation claims. Our results confirm the above expectations. An implication of our findings is that black victims of intraracial sexual assaults are more likely to see their compensation claims succeed, and to see their troubles recognized as social and legal problems in those settings where macro‐level antirape efforts have been institutionalized in treatment and/or advocacy centers. More generally, our findings suggest that the transformation of private troubles into social and legal problems can be contingent on collective claims‐making in the context

ISSN:0265-8240    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9930.1983.tb00296.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This article explores the issues of professional decision‐making in legal resource allocation by examining theoretical models of professional decision‐making, and applying them in the provision of legal services for the poor. Data collected from time sheets completed by attorneys in an urban legal services program suggest the relative importance of bureaucratic, external, client‐centered, ideology, personal, and role concept factors in allocating time for practice routines. The implications of these findings for the rational (i.e., cost benefit) determination of the value of legal services are disc

ISSN:0265-8240    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9930.1983.tb00297.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY