摘要:

SummaryIn an open trial, long courses (6‐12 months) of terbinaflne at a dosage of 500mg/day were administered orally to 43 patients with a diagnosis of chromomycosis. Sixteen patients (37·2%) had previously relapsed after one or two courses of thiabendazole. A spectacular improvement in the lesions, including disappearance of bacterial superinfections and of associated oedema and elephantiasis, was observed as soon as 2‐4 months after the beginning of treatment. The mean number of fungal cells in skin scrapings fell by about 70% in 4 months. Mycological cure, as judged by skin scrapings, was observed in 41·4, 74·1 and 82·5% of patients infected withFonsecaea pedrosoiafter 4, 8 and 12 months of therapy, respectively. For the first time with this disease, total cure was observed even in imidazole‐refractory patients or chronic cases (47·2% with a lesion present for longer than 10 years). The efficacy of terbinafine inCladosporium carnonii‐infected patients seemed higher, as indicated by the examination

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1996.tb15658.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1996.tb15659.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryDNA‐ploidy in primary cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas which had developed from different preceding clinical lesions was examined by flow cytometry using paraffin‐embedded blocks. DNA‐aneuploidy was detected in none of 15 squamous cell carcinomas arising from a burn scar. On the other hand. 12 of 26 squamous cell carcinomas arising from sun‐damaged skin in the elderly, and two of four arising from chronic radiodermatitis, showed aneuploid patterns. A significantly higher incidence of DNA‐aneuploidy was observed in squamous cell carcinomas arising from sun‐damaged skin than those from a burn scar (P<0.01): the mean diameter size of the former was significantly smaller than that of the latter (P<0.0001). The mean age of patients with aneuploid tumours (74·2 ± 9·2: years ± standard deviation (SD)) was significantly higher than that with diploid tumours (64·1

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2133.1996.d01-746.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe differential diagnosis between Kaposi's sarcoma and the so‐called ‘pseudo‐Kaposi's sarcoma’ or acroangiodermatitis of the feet is often fraught with difficulty, not only on clinical but also on histological grounds. The aim of this study was to assess whether immunolabelling for the CD34 antigen, a marker of Kaposi's sarcoma cells, could be of value in the distinction between these two angioproliferative disorders. We comparatively examined 16 biopsy specimens from cases of Kaposi's sarcoma and seven biopsies from patients with pseudo‐Kaposi's sarcoma, by a streptavidin‐biotinperoxidase method, using a monoclonal antibody to the CD34 antigen. All cases of Kaposi's sarcoma showed CD34 labelling both on endothelial cells and on the characteristic spindle‐shaped, perivascular cells. Biopsies of pseudo‐Kaposi's sarcoma showed a strong labelling of endothelial cells of hyperplastic vessels. However, in sharp contrast with Kaposi's sarcoma, a complete absence of perivascular CD34 expression was noted. It seems therefore that immunolabelling for the CD34 antigen appears to be a valuable tool in the differential diagnosis between Kaposi's sarcoma and pseudo

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2133.1996.d01-736.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryTen men, with or without alopecia, were observed for a period of between 8 and 14 years using phototrichograms on a precisely located zone on the vertex of the scalp. Among the various parameters observed, we chose the percentage of hairs in telogen as the criterion for assessment of hair shedding. Mathematical analysis of the variations in this telogen percentage was carried out for each individual subject and for the whole group, as represented by the population mean (or the ‘average subject’). This analysis demonstrated the existence of overall annual periodicity, manifested by a maximal proportion of telogen hairs at the end of summer and the beginning of autumn. Some subjects also exhibited a periodicity approximately corresponding to two annual peaks. In those subjects with a very low proportion of hairs in telogen, no periodicity was demonstrated.In another group of subjects, it has been shown that the variations in telogen percentage reflect those observed in hair shedding, assessed in a standardized manner. Periodicity of the telogen percentage, and hence of hair fall, is not independent of climatic factors (sunshine hours), and these must be taken into account when assessing the treatment or prevention of hair l

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2133.1996.d01-748.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryMany attempts have been made to implicate hair follicle‐specific autoantibodies in the pathogenesis of alopecia areata (AA), a suspected autoimmune disease. Using the DEBR rat model for AA, we developed a refined indirect immunofluorescent technique to examine the sera from individual rats for the presence of autoantibodies to the hair follicle and to other tissues. Sera were tested on cryostat sections from normal PVG/Ola rats and DEBR rats.We found that DEBR sera contained IgG autoantibodies specific for hair follicle epidermal differentia. While individual sera revealed detailed differences, the target tissues identified were hair cortex and cuticle and the inner root sheath, especially the Henle's layer. Some sera also contained autoantibodies specific for skeletal muscle and nuclear components. Of 10 youngprelesional rats with apparently normal coats of hair, three had hair follicle autoantibodies andseven had skeletal muscle autoantibodies. Nine of 10 active lesional rats with progressing hair loss had follicle autoantibodies and four had skeletal muscle autoantibodies. All 10 established lesional rats had follicle autoantibodies and one had muscle autoantibodies. Control sera from eight PVG/Ola rats showed no specific positive staining for hair follicle components or other tissues.Autoantibodies to intracellular hair follicle differentiation products were readily detected in DEBR rat sera. As these antibodies appeared to be generated after the appearance of the mononuclearfollicular infiltrate, such autoantibodies may be a secondaryeffect. We conclude that, while the presence of autoantibodies in the DEBR rat model is associated with autoimmune activity, their role in the pathogenic progression of AA has yet to be ascertaine

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2133.1996.d01-737.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe skin of the Mexican hairless dog is covered with comedones, and this animal therefore provides a potentially useful model to assess the comedolytic activity of topical anti‐acne drugs.We treated an animal with three different formulations of tretinoin for a 14‐week period, and all produced a similar clinical response. There was a striking reduction in the number of comedones, and the skin became lighter and more uniform in colour. Histological changes were similar to those reported in humans treated with tretinoin, but a novel linding was incomplete neogenesis of hair follicles.We suggest that the Mexican hairless dog may be a useful model for screening novel molecules for retinoid activ

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2133.1996.d01-747.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryIt is generally accepted that the spine is the site of predilection for retinoid‐induced skeletal abnormalities. However, the reported prevalence of skeletal problems varies widely. To investigate the frequency and severity of retinoid‐induced spinal abnormalities, all records of patients who underwent spinal radiographs at the request of the department of dermatology between 1983 and 1993 were reviewed. This group of 135 patients comprised the total population of retinoid‐treated patients and those patients who were investigated for possible future retinoid treatment. The mean treatment period in the total group was 30 months and the mean cumulative dose of retinoid was 31 g. In 50 patients the treatment period was 24 months with 30 patients being treated for more than 48 months. Baseline radiographs were available from 26 patients and these were compared with the most recent X‐rays during treatment. The mean treatment period in this ‘prospective group’ was 25 months and the mean cumulative dose of retinoid was 25 g.The prevalence of diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH), degenerative changes and osteoporosis in the total group was respectively 16%, 53% and 29%. There was no statistically significant relation between the duration of treatment or the cumulative dose and the prevalence or severity of DISH, degenerative changes and osteoporosis. Only the age of the patients was significantly related to the frequency and severity of skeletal abnormalities. In the ‘prospective group’, again, no important changes were observed between the radiographs at baseline and during treatment.In this study no relation whatsoever between spinal abnormalities and prolonged oral retinoid treatment could be established. The performance of annual routine spinal radiographs during retinoid treatment is not necessary in our opinion. Additional controlled and prospective studies on spinal and extraspinal skeletal abnormalities are required to develop definitive screening guidelines for patients submitted to long‐term r

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2133.1996.d01-742.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryUVA (320–400nm) radiation damage to membranes, proteins, DNA and other cellular targets is predominantly related to oxidative processes. In the present study, we demonstrated that cutaneous UVA‐induced immunosuppression can be related, at least in part, to the appearance of these oxidative processes. The UVA‐induced oxidative processes in freshly isolated epidermal cells were monitored by measuring the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) as an index of peroxidation. Thein vitroimmunosuppressive effects of UVA were demonstrated by measuring the allogeneic lymphocyte proliferation induced by epidermal cells or purified Langerhans cells in the mixed epidermal cell–lymphocyte reaction (MECLR). In addition, the effects of a potent antioxidant (vitamin E) on these two UVA‐induced processes were analysed. Our results showed that the antigen‐presenting function of Langerhans cells measured in the MECLR is dose‐dependently decreased by UVA radiation (up to 20 J/cm2). Overnight incubation of epidermal cells with vitamin E (400 μmol/1) before irradiation partially protected epidermal cells from the immunosuppressive effects of UVA radiation, and decreased TBARS release into the supernatant (a decrease of 35% compared with a control without vitamin E). Our results suggest that UVA radiation may alter cellpresenting antigen function partly via the generation of reactive oxygen species which trigger peroxidative processes, and these data contribute to the understanding of the role of oxidative mechanisms in immune suppression induced by UVA radiation. Ourin vitromodel can be used to quantify UV‐mediated epidermal cell damage and the degree of immune photoprotection provided b

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2133.1996.d01-732.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThis study examines the role of immune defence mechanisms in herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections in atopic eczema and whether impairment of these mechanisms explains the susceptibility of some children with atopic eczema to cutaneous HSV infections. Ten children with eczema herpeticum and 13 with atopic eczema and recurrent HSV infection affecting multiple skin sites were studied, together with relevant control groups. In all children with atopic eczema,in vitrolymphoproliferation in response to stimulation with concanavalin A (Con A) was significantly decreased and natural killer (NK) cells (CD16 + 56) were reduced compared with non‐atopic controls. IL‐2 receptors, a marker for lymphocyte activation, were decreased during the acute phase of eczema herpeticum, and for 1 month thereafter. A positive stimulation index (>3) to HSV antigen, and high HSV lgG antibody titres measured by ELISA. Western blotting and neutralization assay, were seen in children with eczema herpeticum by 6 weeks, and also in children with atopic eczema and recurrent HSV infections. No evidence of an HSV‐specific immune defect (either cell‐mediated or humoral) was found in atopic eczema. Impairment of cell‐mediated immunity in atopic eczema and recurrent HSV infections. No evidence of an HSV‐specific immune defect (either cell‐mediated or humoral) was found in atopic eczema. Imairment of cell‐mediated immunity in atopic eczema was suggested by the reduced response to Con A. It is likely that reduced numbers of circulating NK cells and a decrease in IL‐2 receptors during early eczema herpeticum contribute to the susceptibility of children with atopic eczema to cutaneo

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2133.1996.d01-731.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY