摘要:

SummaryExposure to ultraviolet radiation is associated with the development of cutaneous carcinomas, and with suppression of immune responses to a variety of antigens, including those of fungal, bacterial and parasitic origin, and contact sensitizers. UV irradiation also influences viral infections. It can affect viral mutation, the photolocalization of viral exanthems, viral oncogenesis, activation of viral genomes, and the suppression of immune responses to viruses. The evidence for, and mechanisms involved in, each of these categories is presented, and the effect of UV radiation on the virus‐host interaction, particularly during persistent infections, is discusse

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1994.tb03404.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryTumours of the nail apparatus are often the subject of diagnostic dilemma. Until now, no reliable imaging methods have been available to assess these lesions correctly. We report the results of high and very high‐resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which have been correlated with the anatomical findings in 14 cases of nail apparatus pathology, and discuss the possible contribution of MRI to diagnosis.With very high‐resolution MRI, accurate analysis of the anatomy of the nail apparatus is possible, and lesions as small as 1 mm can be detected. An expansive process can be excluded when results are negative. Glomus tumour, mucoid pseudocyst, fibrokeratoma, and exostosis can be differentiated because of their different MRI characteristics. This is of importance when the exact nature of a subungual tumour cannot be determined by clinical findings alone. Measurement, determination of the exact localization of the tumour, and the study of its relationship to the other structures, can provide guidance for subsequent surgical procedures. MRI is reliable and accurate in the delineation of lesions, and provides a new tool for the investigation of pathology of the nail appara

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1994.tb03405.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryA questionnaire was sent to 83 patients in the south Buckinghamshire area, in whom a primary diagnosis of keratosis pilaris (KP) had been made within the preceding 20 years. Of the 50 questionnaires returned, one was invalid, and 49 were evaluated. The age range of patients surveyed was 18 months‐25 years; 61% were female and 39% male. Age of onset of KP was within the first decade in 51%, second decade in 35%, third decade in 12%, and fourth decade in 2%. Body sites affected were the arms (92%), legs (59%), face (41%), buttocks (30%) and eyebrows (8%). Other family members were affected by KP in 39%; 55% had no family history of KP, and 6% did not know. There was a personal history of atopy in 37%, 16% had associated dry skin, and 47% had neither. A seasonal variation in the severity of KP was noted in 80% of patients; 49% of these improved in the summer and 47% worsened in the winter.Overall, KP had improved with age in 35% of patients, remained unchanged in 43%, and worsened in 22%. The mean age of improvement was 16 year

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1994.tb03406.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummarySeveral studies of Bowen's disease suggest that most lesions occur on the head and neck, a finding which does not concur with observations in clinical practice in the U.K. In order to test the hypothesis that this reported distribution is due to an increased tendency of physicians to submit lesions of Bowen's disease occurring at these sites for histopathological examination, in comparison with lesions at other body sites, 52 cases of Bowen's disease identified from out‐patient clinic diagnostic records were compared with 56 cases derived from pathology records. In both groups, the majority of lesions were on the lower leg; a greater number in the clinical cases group (45/52; 87%) than in the pathology cases (26/56; 46%). The lower leg lesions were almost exclusively in women (96% of lower leg lesions occurred in women in each group). The pathology group contained more men (29%) than the clinical group (12%), and also more upper limb lesions (23% compared with 8% in the clinical group). There was no evidence that these differences were due to incorrect clinical diagnosis, and the likely explanation is that lesions diagnosed as Bowen's disease in men, or at sites other than the lower leg, are more likely to be biopsied than clinically typical lesions on the female lower leg. This type of bias is likely to affect larger series in which only biopsied cases are included, and may explain the discrepancy between observations reported in previous publications and the situation in routine clinical practic

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1994.tb03407.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryLocal microwave hyperthermia in combination with local injections of interleukin 2 (IL‐2) was found to exert a remarkable suppressive effect on murine melanoma growth. Both of these therapeutic modalities caused marked tumour infiltration with natural killer cells. After microwave hyperthermia or IL‐2 injection alone there was minimal T‐cell infiltration, but T cells were more in evidence following combination th

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1994.tb03408.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryApplication of sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) on the skin of healthy volunteers was used as a model for acute chemical injury. The time course of the response with respect to cell proliferation was studied using ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity. Erythema, polymorphonuclear leucocyte (PMN) infiltration, and the induction of epidermal antiproteinase activity (SKALP/elafin) were used as markers for the inflammatory response. ODC induction was similar to that in other models of acute skin injury, such as tape‐stripping and ultraviolet light radiation. The amount of PMN infiltration correlated with erythema, but not with ODC induction. In contrast with findings in the tape‐stripping model, no induction of SKALP/elafin activity was found after SDS application.We conclude that cell proliferation as measured by ODC induction is a common feature in the various models for skin injury. Both the kinetics and the intensity of the inflammatory response, and the induction of epidermal antiproteinase activity, appear to vary, depending on the specific mo

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1994.tb03409.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryDesmosomes contribute towards adhesion beween adjacent keratinocytes. In acne vulgaris, increased intercellular adhesion is thought to contribute to the retention of keratinocytes within the follicular lumen during comedogenesis. Therefore, the distribution of different desmosomal components was investigated in normal and acne subjects. Biopsies were cryostat‐sectioned (6 μm), and stained with antibodies to different desmosomal components: desmoplakin 1/2, desmoglein 1, desmocollin 3a/3b, and a late desmosomal antigen, G36–19. Desmoplakin 1/2, desmoglein 1 and desmocollin 3a/3b shared a similar distribution in follicles from control skin, from acne‐affected skin, and in non‐ intlamed lesions. All three proteins were expressed around the periphery of keratinocytes of all the intrafollicular epidermis, except the basal lamina and the upper stratum corneum. In inflamed lesions, the expression of desmoglein 1 and desmocollin 3a/3b was diminished; in 12.5%, staining for these two proteins was completely abolished, and in 81.25% of the lesions investigated the staining was patchy. The antibody G36–19 bound to an antigen in the upper granular layer in the infundibular epidermis. No differences were noted in the staining pattern of the follicular epithelia of controls, non‐ inflamed, and inflamed lesions. This study, using monoclonal antibodies, did not identify any changes in the desmosomal components which might explain the increased adhesion between follicular keratinocytes during c

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1994.tb03410.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryAlthough there have been extensive studies of serum lipid levels in psoriasis, the data are conflicting. In the present study, 38 male psoriatic patients and 40 age‐matched male control subjects were studied. In addition, a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed in 28 patients and 28 age‐matched control subjects, in order to exclude subjects with abnormal OGTT values from the study. Twenty‐two patients and 26 control subjects had normal OGTT values. There was a tendency for psoriatic patients with normal glucose tolerance to have increased triglyceride levels, but this was not statistically significant. Total cholesterol and high‐density lipoprotein‐cholesterol levels in patients were normal. However, serum apo B (P<0.005), C‐II (P<0.005) and C‐III (P<0.005) levels in patients were significantly elevated compared with control subjects. When control subjects and patients with abnormal OGTT values were also included, a significant increase in triglyceride and apo E levels, and a significant decrease in the apo A‐I level were observed in psoriatic patients. These findings suggest that psoriasisper seis associated with increases in apo B, C‐II and C‐III levels, but that this does not profoundly affect lipid levels. The abnormal lipoprotein metabolism may be related to the high incidence of atheroscl

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1994.tb03411.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryEighty basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) in 21 patients, 10 lesions of Bowen's disease in three patients, and four lesions of cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma in two patients, were treated with photodynamic laser therapy (PDT), using topical application of the haem precursor δ‐amino levulinic acid (ALA). The diagnoses were confirmed histologically prior to treatment. Fifty‐five of the BCCs were superficial lesions, and 25 were nodular. Of the 80 BCCs, 39 (49%) were located on the trunk, 36 (45%) on the head and neck region, four (15%) on the leg and one on the arm. The two principal locations of the 10 Bowen's disease lesions were the leg (50%) and the trunk (40%). The T‐cell lymphoma lesions were located on the shoulder and on the arm. A water‐in‐oil based cream containing 20% ALA was applied to the lesions, with a margin of about 10–20 mm beyond the visible tumour border, 4–6 h before the laser procedure. During this period of time the highly fluorescent and photodynamically active substance protoporphyrin IX (Pp IX) is synthesized via the haem cycle. Laser‐induced fluorescence (LJF) was used for real‐time monitoring of the Pp IX distribution in the tumour and in the normal surrounding skin, before and after treatment in all patients. Before laser treatment the Pp IX distribution demonstrated by LJF showed a demarcation between tumour and normal skin of about 15:1 for BCC and Bowen's disease, and 5:1 for T‐cell lymphomas. Laser light from a pulsed frequency‐ doubled Nd: YAG laser pumping a dye laser with light emission at 630 nm was used for the therapy. The power density in the irradiation was kept below 110 mW/cm2, in order to avoid hyperthermal effects. A total energy of 60 J/cm2was delivered for 10–20 min, depending on the tumour size. A complete response rate of 100% in superficial BCCs and 64% in nodular BCCs occurred after a single laser treatment, and a response rate of 100% was achieved after one additional treatment in the nodular BCCs. In the Bowen's disease lesions a complete response of 90% was obtained with a single treatment. Two of the four T‐cell lymphomas resolved completely. The follow‐up ti

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1994.tb03412.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryIt has been demonstrated that patients with atopic disease have anomalies of fatty acid composition, as a result of altered metabolism or abnormal incorporation of fatty acids into the tissues. In the present study, in 57 newborns‘at risk’for atopic disease, the polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) levels were found to be lower in cord blood in infants who subsequently developed atopic disease than in nonatopics. In all babies, levels of arachidonic acid and dihomo‐gamma‐linolenic acid in sera at 1 and 3 months of age were lower than those in cord blood. These changes were more marked in children who subsequently developed atopic disease, and in those who, independently of signs and/or symptoms of atopic disease, were formula‐fed.A comparison between IgE and PUFA levels revealed no significant differences at any tested time interval.In conclusion, our data suggest that in children‘at risk’for atopy, PUFA levels may be predictive of a

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1994.tb03413.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY