ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1991.tb14786.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThis study demonstrated thatin‐situhybridization using digoxigenin‐labelled oligonucleotide poIy‐T probes and digoxigenin‐labelled riboprobes for keratin 14 is possible on routinely fixed paraffin‐embedded sections. The resolution and time course of the detection system compared favourably with isotopically labelled probes. Major differences were shown in keratinocyte messenger RNA content with differentiating cells expressing high levels when compared with the basal layers. Previous work on the distribution of keratin 14 messenger RNA was confirmed and we were able to show that using non‐isotopicin‐situhybridization, sensitive and accurate cellular localization was feasible in

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1991.tb14787.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe expression of MHC class II (Ia) antigens on mouse keratinocytes was studied following both the induction and elicitation of contact sensitivity and after primary irritant reactions IA+and IE+Keratinocytes were detected. using an indirect immunofluorescence assay on epidermal sheets, only after the induction and elicitation of contact sensitivity with the sensitizers oxazalone. picryl chloride and 2.4‐dinnitrochlorobenzene but not with formaldehyde. Ia+keratinocytes were not detected after application of the non‐sensitizing irritants enoton oil, SDS and anthralin, or following attempted sensitization of nude mice. suggesting that the expression of la antigen on keratinocytes during contact sensitivity reactions is T‐cell mediated. Because Ia antigen expression on keratinocytes could be detected only several days after induction or elicitation of contact sensitivity. and contact sensitization could also be demonstrated to occur independently of aberrant Ia expression. Ia+keratinocytes cannot be involved in the initiation of these reactions. However, they might be important in exerting an immunomodulatory influence during the later stages of the responses to certain sensit

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1991.tb14788.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryWe have previously characterized the kinetics of prostaglandin D2(PGD2) production at cutaneous sites of allergic inflammation employing a blister‐chamber model. In this study, a more complete profile of prostaglandins releasedin vivowas obtained, PGD2release, as measured by radioimmunoassay and by combined gas chromatographymass spectrometry, was evident within 1h after antigen challenge with maximal levels occurring 3–4 h post‐challenge. The 11‐ketoreductase metabolite of PGD2, 9α, 11β‐prostaglandin F2was present in blister fluid from three of six patients at the time of maximal levels of PGD2. The stable non‐enzymatic hydrolysis product of prostacyclin, 6‐keto‐prostaglandin F1αwas significantly elevated in blister fluids from five of six patients following antigen challenge In these subjects the levels of 6κ‐PGF1αwere highest in samples obtained 1 and 2 h after antigen challenge and remained significantly elevated until 5 h post‐challenge. Levels of prostaglandin E2, prostaglandin F1α, and thromboxane B2did not vary significantly.These studies suggest that following antigen challenge two fatty‐acid cyclo‐oxygenase products of arachidonic acid are released, PGD2and prostacyclin. The 11‐ketoreductase metabolism of PGD2to 9α, 11β‐PGF2 could represent a mechanism by which the biological effects of PGD2are prolonged in cutaneous tissue. The presence of 6κ‐PGF1αin the blister fluid suggests that significant prostacyclin release occures as the results of antigen challenge and could represent a mechanism by which the prologed microvascular

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1991.tb14789.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe destribution of Merkel cells (MCs) in normal human skin and mucosa was studied using the mouse monoclonal antibody Troma‐1, reacting specifically with component 8 of the moll cytokeratin catalogue. The specificily of this antibody for MCs in human skin was assesed by double indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) and immunoelectron microscopy. Two‐hundred and thirty 6‐mm punch biopsies were obtained from 44 different sites from six human cadavers Within 48 h post‐mortem. IIF was performed with Troma‐1 on EDTA‐split epithelial sheets and the MCs were counted and the mean values per mm2calculated for each site. regions with>50MC/mm2were the lips, hard palate, palms, finger pads, proximal nail fold, and dorsum of the feet. Three different patterns were observed in the epidermis or mucosa: MCs grouped in clumps, linear and arciform arrangements, and scattered MCs. In the hair follicles grouped MCs were observed in the bulb and scattered MCs were seen in the outer

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1991.tb14790.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThere is an increase in the number of CD23+cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in atopic dermatitis (AD). We analysed the subpopulation of CD23+PBMC in 11 patients with AD and in 10 healthy controls and found that B Cells (CD20+) and non‐T, non‐B cells (CD3–CD20–) (mainly monocytes) were responsible for the elevation of CD23+CD23+T Cells (CD3–) comprised only 4.6% of total CD23+cells in AD. The percentage of CD23+cells did not correlate with the serum log IgE level nor with clinical severity of AD. Interleukin 4 (IL‐4) induced the expression of CD23 antigen in PBMC both in AD and in healthy controls in a dose‐dependent mannerin vitro. This enhancing effect of IL‐4 was completely abrogated by the addition of anti‐IL‐4 monoclonal antibody. Other cytokines such as IL‐1, IL‐2, IL‐3, IFN‐α, IFN‐γ and TNF‐α had no sign

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1991.tb14791.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryElectron microscopic and immunocytochemical studies were performed on sequential biopsies following the tape‐stripping of the uninvolved skin in 12 patients with psoriasis. In the biopsies taken after 5 min for up to 7 days during the pre‐psoriatic phase, there were initial lymphocyte‐Langerhans cell interactions as well as interactions between lymphocytes and keratinocytes. In biopsies taken after 6–8 weeks during the proliferative phase there were lymphocyte‐macrophage interactions. In the 24‐h and 7‐day biopsies there were close contacts between epidermal lymphocytes and keratinocytes via microvilli, with blebbing of the keratinocyte plasma membranes and granular cytoplasmic changes around these microvilli. Few basal keratinocyte herniations were noted during this phase. The 6–8‐week biopsies of Köbner‐positive patients were characterized by a marked increase in lymphocyte‐macrophage interactions via similar microvillous processes with associated electron‐lucent areas su

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1991.tb14792.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe three‐dimensional ultrastructure of molluscum contagiosum virus (MCV) in human skin was visualized using scanning‐electron microscopy with the osmium‐dimethyl sulphoxide‐osmium method. There were spherical, ellipsoidal, brick‐shaped, miniature and incomplete forms of MCV. In all the forms the surface had densely distributed small protrusions and all had the same ultrastructure. All the forms had one or two long cord‐like substances that appeared to be linked together, but became short, vestigial or absent on the surface of the mature virus. The cord‐like substances were connected to the core of the MCV. In the matrix between the viruses, the cord‐like substances formed an intrica

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1991.tb14793.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe major bullous pemphigoid (BP) antigen is a 220–240‐kDa polypeptide, although some BP sera recognize hands of 180–200 kDa or lower molecular weight. We have investigated to what extent this heterogeneity of the target antigen accounts for the clinical diversity of BP. Immunoblotting studies against extracts of salt‐separated epidermis were performed on sera from 39 patients with BP. The blotting patterns obtained were correlated with the clinical findings, with particular reference to prodromal itching, lesion morphology and severity, mucosal involvement, presence of milia, dapsone responsiveness and disease duration. The results confirm that the major BP antigen is a 220‐kDa polypeptide, and that the 180‐kDa polypeptide is a second and sometimes the sole BP antigen identified in immunoblots. Rarely, multiple bands of lower molecular weight were found. There was no correlation between the pattern of BP antigens detected in immunoblots and the clinical presentation and course of BP. There was considerable clinical diversity even among the nine patients showing specificity for a single 220‐kDa target antigen. Although two patients with a single 180‐kDa antigen specificity had a disease of unusually long duration, factors other than antigen specificity must determine the clinical e

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1991.tb14794.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryTransforming growth factor‐α (TGF‐α) is a growth‐promoting cytokine which enhances epithelial proliferation and is secreted by a wide variety of tumour cells. It is also present in normal human epidermis and its overproduction may be responsible for epidermal hyperproliferation in psoriasis. Ultraviolet (UV) B irradiation of human skin leads to epidermal damage and significant subsequent hyperplasia after approximately 24 h. whereas UVA irradiation has little such effect and predominantly damages the dermis. The relative efficacies of UVB and UVA in releasing TGF‐α were studied in 10 subjects of skin types I and II using a skin‐chamber technique and a specific TGF‐α radioimmunoassay. Significantly elevated concentrations of immunoreactive TGF‐α were detected in samples after 24 h in UVB‐irradiated compared with unirradiated skin. Samples at earlier time points from UVB‐ and UVA‐exposed skin contained measurable levels of TGF‐α but these were not significantly elevated above the levels found in samples from unirradiated areas. These results, which suggest that UVB irradiation increases release of TGF‐α from human skin at 24 h, indicate that TGF‐α may be implicated in

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1991.tb14795.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY