ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1985.tb12956.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYUsing electron microscopy, the immunological visualization of the membrane antigens of Langerhans cells (LC) can be performed by immunoperoxidase and immunogold techniques.The immunoperoxidase labelling permits the identification of only one antigen and the observation of qualitative variations of surface antigens.The immunogold method allows the identification of one antigen or simultaneously two or three surface antigens using gold particles of various sizes. This technique can be used to quantify the surface density of antigens on the cell membrane. The simultaneous identification of different surface antigens can be correlated with the ultrastructural characteristics of the cells. Using this technique we have recently demonstrated the existence of LC subsets in normal epidermis, and the presence of circulating T6‐positive cells in normal subjects. In addition, a very low density of T4 antigenic sites on the LC membrane surface was observed.Several problems of a double‐labelling immunogold technique related to steric hindrance and current artifacts are discus

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1985.tb15620.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1985.tb12957.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYHair follicle density, and definitive length, root status and rate of growth of hairs were determined for defined areas of the thigh and upper arm in 11 females and nine males aged 20–30 years. Hair follicle density did not differ between males and females. However, on the thigh the definitive length of hair was on average three times greater in males. This was attributable mainly to a longer duration of anagen (×2.46), but also to a greater rate of growth (×1.22). On the upper arm the hair was only 1.42 times longer and the duration of anagen only 1.27 times greater in males than in females. On the thigh the estimated average duration of anagen was 54 days in males and 22 days in females, with corresponding figures of 151 days and 84 days for the complete cycles. On the upper arms the duration of anagen was 28 days in males and 22 days in females, with corresponding figures of 108 and 106 days for the complete cycle. In females, oral contraceptives had no significant effects on any measurem

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1985.tb02038.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1985.tb15621.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Ten patients, eight female and two male, with Bazin's hydroa vacciniforme (HV) are reviewed. Onset occurred between the ages of 1 and 11 years and has persisted indefinitely in all but three cases where the disease gradually improved during adolescence. Recurrent episodes of itching occurred on light‐exposed areas within hours of sun exposure, leading to scattered erythematous papules followed by small tense vesicles. Gradual healing left pock‐like scars.Cutaneous phototesting by monochromator revealed reduced minimal erythema doses at 340 nm in three patients and also at 360 nm in one of these.Histology showed focal intraepidermal spongiotic vesiculation leading to epidermal and upper dermal necrosis with a chronic inflammatory cell infiltrate. One patient showed features of leukocytoclastic vasculitis. Direct immunofluorescence in one patient showed granular C3 and fibrin deposits below the basement membrane zone. Viral studies, assessment of DNA repair, antinuclear factor titre, urinary amino acid screen, porphyrin screen and routine haematology and biochemistry were all normal.High protection factor UV‐A‐filtering sunscreens in six patients, low dose UV‐B therapy in two patients and antimalarials in two patients were moderately helpful. β‐Carotene, thalidomide and low dose PUVA were ineffective.HV is therefore a distinct clinical and histological entity associated with demonstrable UV‐A sensitivity approximately: in 30% of patients. Sunscreens are the most effective therapeutic agents, but low‐dose UVTB or antimalarial therapy m

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1985.tb12959.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Direct measurements of skin oxygen tension on the lower leg have shown low values in the standing position (Dodd, Gaylarde&Sarkany, 1984). This is the result of reflex vasoconstriction stimulated by high venous pressure. Exercise reduces venous pressure in normal limbs and produces a rise in skin oxygen tension, whereas limbs affected by venous ulceration fail to show this response. Recumbency reduces venous pressure and produces a consequent rise in skin oxygen tension, a finding which accords well with the beneficial effect of bed rest on the healing of venous leg ulcers.Since reflex vasoconstriction appears to be the mechanism by which persistent venous hypertension leads to skin hypoxia and ulceration, an agent capable of reducing this vasoconstriction might be expected to produce a favourable effect on the healing of venous leg ulcers in ambulant patients. Preliminary observations with a number of drugs including glyceryl trinitrate, amyl nitrite, naftidofuryl oxalate, ethyl alcohol and aspirin have shown that they do not block the normal vasoconstrictor response to increased venous pressure and therefore have no beneficial effect on the skin oxygen tension of the lower limb. We have found that the effect of ultraviolet erythema (3 MED of UV‐B) is to reduce or abolish the fall in skin oxygen tension normally seen on changing from the recumbent to the standing position and the erythema is accompanied by an increase in oxygen tension in the recumbent position. This phenomenon lasts for approximately 48 h and judiciously repeated UV treatment may be of therapeutic value. Our findings suggest that there is a need to re‐examine the role of UV irradiation in the management of skin disorders resulting from venous insufficie

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1985.tb12961.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

It is now accepted that a fibrin diffusion barrier, secondary to chronically elevated peripheral venous pressure, is important in the pathogenesis of gravitational disease (Burnandet al., 1982). Other factors may be active, however, in determining which patients develop gravitational changes while others with chronic venous disease are spared.Platelet counts were obtained in age‐ and sex‐matched patients with gravitational ulcers, gravitational eczema, endogenous eczema and normal controls. Causes of secondary thrombocytosis were excluded. Platelet counts were higher in patients with gravitational ulcers (n= 50, mean = 429 ± 125) than normal controls (n= 50, mean = 254 ± 54,P<0.001). They were also higher in patients with gravitational eczema (n=50, mean = 379 ± 112) than in normal controls (P<0.001), and than in patients with endogenous eczema (n= 30, mean ‐ 273 ± 60,P<0.001). There was no significant difference between patients with endogenous eczema and normal controls. In the ulcer group, healing (10 cases) produced a small but not significant fall in platelet count.Platelet volume estimation in 20 patients with each diagnosis suggests differences between both ulceration (mean = 9.65 fl) and controls (mean = 9.45 fl,t=1.4) and gravitational eczema (mean = 9.79 fl) and controls (t=1.99).These findings suggest that two platelet parameters are elevated in gravitational disease, but not in another inflammatory dermatosis. In view of the effects of platelet aggregation on fibrin production, this may be of importance in the aetiology of this condition, and suggests alternative methods of

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1985.tb12962.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In most disorders of the nail in which the aromatic retinoid etretinate has been used, the results have been generally disappointing. The exception is its success in acropustulosis. In other dermatological conditions, the same therapeutic regime may induce a variety of unwanted effects on the nail apparatus, including chronic paronychia, onycholysis, onychomadesis, nail shedding, onychoschizia, fragility and periungual granulation tissue. Many of these changes resemble those found in psoriasis, particularly psoriatic paronychia.In this presentation, parallels will be drawn between psoriatic pathology and retinoid desquamative dermatitis which resembles it in producing similar discharge from beneath the proximal nail fold. This may be the basis for the nail signs induced by etretinate.

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1985.tb12964.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A series of five cases is reported of unusual papular skin lesions which had unique and previously undescribed histological appearances. Four of the five patients were female and their ages ranged from 47 to 66 years. The lesions developed slowly over many months, were multiple, reddish‐purple in colour, and individual papules measured 2–10 mm. In four of the patients the lesions were situated on acral sites, usually unilateral, and all were asymptomatic. Clinical diagnoses had included lichen planus, Kaposi's sarcoma, histiocytoma and granuloma annulare.The striking histological features of these lesions included the presence of numerous small blood vessels in the mid‐dermis associated with scattered inflammatory cells and larger bizarre histiocytoid cells. Many of these latter cells were multinucleate and had an irregular or angulated cell outline. The pattern of vascular proliferation was quite unlike that seen in venous stasis, Kaposi's sarcoma or histiocytoma, and we believe these lesions represent a previously unrecognized disorder.Full clinical and pathological details of these five cases will be summarized and the value of newer histochemical, immunological and monoclonal antibody labelling techniques in deter mining the histogenesis of such lesions will be empha

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1985.tb12966.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY