摘要:

SummaryTo date, there have been few morphological investigations of the effect of electron radiation on the healing of skin wounds in rats. The present morphological study examines the wound repair process in electron‐irradiated rat skin by electron microscopy. Standardized, full‐thickness, incisional wounds were made in the lower dorsal skin of animals which had been locally irradiated with 9·6 Gy electron radiation 7 days previously. The irradiation dose was maximal at 3 mm depth. Twenty‐four rats were used in the investigation: 12 were irradiated and 12 sham‐irradiated. Three rats from each experimental group were killed at 1, 3, 7 and 14‐day time intervals after wounding. The morphological effect of electron irradiation on the repair of each wound was investigated by light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). New granulation tissue visualized by SEM was quantified using computerized image analysis. The results suggest that a single, partial‐body, controlled depth dose of electron irradiation delays wound repair. LM showed that there is a depression of the inflammatory cell and tissue exudate response, slowing of epithelial migration, and a decrease in fibroblast representation, together with a delay in the formation of collagen bundles. Granulation tissue formation was impaired up to 7 days post‐wounding, but was restored to around control values by day 14, indicating that healing was delayed. However, as the healing of normal tissue was not prevented, this study supports a preoperative role for the use of low‐dose electron irradiation therapy for the treatment of electron‐sensitive superficial pathologies in

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1994.tb13098.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryTwo hundred and forty patients with basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) on the head or neck were studied. Scrapings of the lesions were taken for cytological examination, and a 3‐mm punch biopsy was performed for histopathological study. The accuracy of diagnosis by each method was compared. Both methods confirmed the clinical diagnosis in 226 cases, and both were negative in 10 cases. Cytopathology gave one false negative result (0·42%), and histopathology gave two false negative results (0·83%). Cytopathology gave one false positive result (0·42%), and histopathology did not produce any false positive results. We conclude that cytological examination of skin scrapings from suspected BCCs is a rapid and reliable method of diagn

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1994.tb13099.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe distribution of three (recently discovered) extracellular matrix components (tenascin, biglycan and decorin) was studied in normal adult human skin and in a number of monogenic disorders of keratinization, using immunohistology. The expression of tenascin, which is sparsely distributed in normal human dermis, was found to be grossly increased in epidermolytic hyperkeratoses and in Darier's disease. Tenascin expression in three types of ichthyosis (X‐linked recessive ichthyosis. autosomal dominant ichthyosis vulgaris. non‐erythrodermic lamellar ichthyosis) was similar to that of normal skin. The presence of biglycan and decorin did not show a marked variation between the different disorders studied, suggesting that their expression is subject to regulatory mechanisms distinct from those of tenascin.The increased expression of tenascin in two disorders of keratinization with a hyperproliferative phenotype, lends further support to the hypothesis that dermal tenascin expression is increased as a result of epidermal hyperproliferat

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1994.tb13100.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryFor many years, benzoyl peroxide has been used as a topical treatment for acne. Although the drug has been shown to interfere with a variety of pathways, believed to be of importance in the aetiopathogenesis of acne, its mechanism of action is thought to be principally antibacterial. Recent circumstantial evidence suggests that protein kinase C might serve as an additional pharmacological target of benzoyl peroxide. In the present study, we investigated the effects of benzoyl peroxide on the release of reactive oxygen species, regulated by protein kinase C and calmodulin, from human neutrophils, a potentially important step in acne inflammation. Micromolar drug concentrations were found to inhibit the release of reactive oxygen species, but there was marked drug‐induced cytotoxicity in neutrophils. However, when tested in cell‐free assays, benzoyl peroxide displayed marginal inhibition of protein kinase C, but failed to antagonize calmodulin, further investigations on its mechanism of action revealed non‐specific interference with nucleotide binding sites. Therefore, the data presented here indicate that, in contrast with our previous findings with tetracycline derivatives, the clinical anti‐inflammatory activity of benzoyl peroxide is unlikely to be mediated by protein kinase C or calmodulin. The differential interaction of drugs with protein kinase C and calmodulin might help to explain their different clinical usefulness in various degrees of acne s

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1994.tb13101.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryTenascin and fibronectin are extracellular matrix glycoproteins which can interact with cells and alter their capacity to adhere, migrate and proliferate. In contrast with fibronectin, tenascin has a restricted distribution in normal skin, but is induced during epidermal proliferation, and in wound healing. Because acne involves hyperproliferation of ductal keratinocytes, and rupture of the duct may occur during inflammation, the distribution of tenascin and fibronectin was investigated in acne lesions, and also in acne keloids. Biopsies obtained from patients a ending the acne clinics were cryostat‐sectioned and stained with tenascin antiserum. The extent of tenascin staining in the dermis around the pilosebaceous unit was measured. Tenascin was continually expressed around normal control pilosebaceous ducts: it was maximal around the acroinfundibulum, extending 20·83±9·32 μm [n= 14) into the dermis, compared with staining around the infrainfundibulum (11·88± 3·70 μm. N = 14). This was not significantly different from staining around normal pilosebaceous ducts obtained from acne patients. In non‐inflamed lesions tenascin staining increased significantly around the infrainfundibulum to 76·88±29·97 μm (n= 12), compared with this region in the normal follicles. The staining around the acroinfundibulum did not change significantly. Around inflamed lesions the whole of the dermis was positive for tenascin. No changes were detected in the staining pattern for fibronectin, which stained the whole dermis in all the sections tested. The keloid samples stained strongly for both extracellular matrix glycoproteins. Thus, increased tenascin expression appears to be associated with the development of acne lesions. Tenascin production may be induced by hyperproliferation of ductal keratinocytes and localized loss of control in this process may contribute to the production

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1994.tb13102.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe aim of this study was to characterize cell‐cell and cell‐matrix interaction by evaluating the expression of different integrins in the nail matrix.Nail biopsies were obtained from two cadaver lingers, and eight patients with ingrowing toenails. Frozen sections were stained by indirect immunofluorescence using anti‐α, anti‐α2, anti‐α3 anti‐α4, anti‐α5, anti‐α6, anti‐αv, anti‐β. anti‐β4 and anti‐ICAM‐1 monoclonal antibodies. Biopsies from normal human foreskin were evaluated as controls, α. α4 and α5 subunits were absent from both nail matrix and normal human skin. α2, α3 and β1 subunits were expressed in the basal and suprabasal layers of nail matrix, but only in the basal layer of skin epidermis, α6 and β4 subunits were strongly expressed in the basement membrane zone and in the basal layer of both nail matrix and epidermis. The αv subunit was expressed in the basal layer of nail matrix. ICAM‐1 was not expressed in nail matrix epidermis.Our findings show that despite the distinctive features of the nail apparatus, compared with the epidermis, the pattern of integrin expression Is similar, although some differences in the distribution of α2. α3 and β1 subunits are detectable. These are probably related to the peculia

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1994.tb13103.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryEpithelium‐lining macrophages are spindle‐shaped cells which line the epidermis and hair follicles. We studied the distribution and phenotype of this hitherto neglected member of the dermal monocyte/macrophage system in 25 lesional psoriatic, and five normal skin biopsies. Epithelium‐lining macrophages were inconspicuous in normal skin, whereas their number was increased in almost two thirds of psoriatic cases; in nine out of 25 lesional skin biopsies, these flattened cells formed an almost continuous single‐cell row at the dermo‐epidermal junction.Immunophenotyping revealed that these cells expressed the leucocyte common antigen CD45. and the macrophage markers CD14, CD36 and CD4, but not CD11b. Epithelium‐lining macrophages strongly expressed HLA‐DR‐antigens and CD 11a, but lacked the Langerhans cell marker CD1, and CD34. The dermal dendrocyte marker factor XIIIa was expressed in only a minority of these cells.It is concluded that epithelium‐lining macrophages represent a separate subset of dermal monocytes/macrophages with a distinct tissue localizaton and immunophenotype. Their restricted distribution and close association with the epidermis may suggest a role in the regulation of epidermal growth. Alternatively, the expression of several immune‐associated molecules may indicate that epithelium‐lining macrophages are involved in the antigen‐dependent or‐indepen

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1994.tb13104.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryUsing a panel of seven commercially available monoclonal antibodies directed against specific sites of the T‐cell receptor variable region, we have studied the staining patterns in 15 biopsies from 11 patients with cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma (CTCL.). and in five patients with benign lymphocytic infiltrates. Eight of the 11 patients with CTCL showed staining of the majority of lymphocytes with either Vβ alone (n=2).Vβ12 alone (n=2) or with both Vβ8 and Vβ12 (n=3). None of the biopsies from patients with benign dermatoses showed staining of the majority of lymphocytes with any of the ant

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1994.tb13105.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryTo test the hypothesis that children living in subtropical and tropical environments have more naevi than those of similar ethnicity living in temperate countries, a comparative study of melanocytic naevi in 111 schoolchildren from Brisbane, Australia, and 222 from Glasgow, Scotland, was carried out. All children were aged 13–15 years, of European ancestry, and had spent most of their lives at latitudes of less than 30°S (Australia) or greater than 30°N (Scotland), Using an identical protocol, all naevi of 2 mm or more in diameter occurring on the right arm were counted by either a highly experienced research nurse in Brisbane, or a dermatologist in Glasgow, Hair and eye colour, and facial freckling, were assessed by the examiner, and axillary skin colour of children in both cities was measured using the same reflectance spectrophotometer. Children in Brisbane had significantly more naevi than those in Glasgow (P<0–05), after adjusting for complexion variables. The difference in the geometric mean number of naevi on the arm was much greater among boys (7.7 vs, 4.4, in Brisbane and Glasgow, respectively) than among girls (7.3 vs, 6.7). This has parallels with the sex differences in melanoma at later ages in the two countries. Besides country of residence, freckles and innate skin colour were the most significant predictors of large numbers of naevi, whereas red hair had a significant protective effect. Overall, these data on prevalence of naevi in children from contrasting environments provide some evidence in support of the theory that naevus development is related to the level of sun exposure in childhood and adoles

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1994.tb13106.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryIn an attempt to improve the prediction of PUVA erythemal sensitivity, we have examined, in 2 51 patients, the relationship between the minimal phototoxic dose (MPD) and a number of variables, including skin type, ingested dose of 8‐methoxypsoralen (8‐MOP) and history of previous PUVA treatment. The MPD was determined by phototesting 2 h after ingestion of crystalline 8‐MOP. given at a standard dose of 0–6 mg/kg (calculated to the nearest 10 mg).No reaction to the highest dose of UVA used for phototesting occurred in 16% of cases; the dose of 8‐ MOP was significantly associated with non‐response. In the patients in whom an erythemal response was obtained, a significant association was found between the MPD and the variables of skin type, ingested dose of 8‐MOP. and history of previous PUVA treatment. Thus, by taking these factors into account, a more accurate prediction can be made of an individual patient's erythemal sensitivity to PUVA than relying on skin type alone. That erythemal sensitivity is affected by the ingested dose of 8‐MOP (even when all patients received 0–6 mg/kg) suggests that conventional psoralen dosing according to body we

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1994.tb13107.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY