摘要:

SummaryIntercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)‐3 is a recently described member of the immunoglobulin superfamily and, as such, is closely related to ICAM‐1 and ICAM‐2. All three ICAMS are cognate for the counter‐receptor lymphocyte function associated antigen‐1 (LFA‐L CD11a/CD18). Unlike ICAM‐1 and ICAM‐2. ICAM‐3 is constitutively expressed at high levels on resting leucocytes. We investigated the expression and function of ICAM‐3 in normal skin (n= 5), as well as its expression in psoriasis (n= 4). atopic eczema (n= 4), allergic (rhus) contact dermatitis (n=3). and cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma (CTCL.n=2).Five‐micrometre cryostat sections of skin were stained using monoclonal antibodies to ICAM‐3 and A well characterized immunoperoxidase technique. In normal skin. ICAM‐3 was expressed by all cutaneous leucocytes hut most striking was the strong expression of ICAM‐3 by Langerhans cells within both epidermis and dermis. This observation was confirmed by double‐labelling with CD1a and negative staining with an IgG1 isotype control. In psoriasis, atopic eczema, allergic contact dermatitis, and CTCL. ICAM‐3 was co‐expressed on all CD1a+cells, although, in psoriasis, the intensity of ICAM‐3 expression was reduced. Functional blocking experiments were performed to determine whether the observed ICAM‐3 expression on Langerhans cells was functionally important in antigen presentation. CD4+T cells were prepared from peripheral blood and 105CD4+T cells combined with 105epidermal cells harvested from keratome biopsies of normal skin of an individual allogeneic to the T‐cell donor. Addition of 50 μg anti‐ICAM‐3 to the co‐culture resulted in a consistent (50%) reduction in degree of alloantigen presentation by Langerhans cells to T cells. Inhibition was 77% of that produced by the addition of anti‐LFA‐1.These data indicate that ICAM‐3 is constitutively expressed by Langerhans cells and is a major ligand for LFA‐1 on CD4+T cells during their response to Langerhans cells. Because fresh Langerhans ceils constitutively express little ICAM‐1. whereas ICAM‐3 is constitutively expressed at high levels, it would appear that 1CAM‐3 is the dominant fun

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1995.tb06911.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe expression of cytokeratin polypeptides in regenerating human epidermis was immunohistochemically examined during re‐epithlization of suction blisters. The regenerating basal and suprabasal epidermis expressed keratin polypeptides K13, K14, K16 and K18, which are not present in normal suprabasal epidermis. On the contrary, K10, a normal constituent of terminally differentiated keratinocytes, was lacking from the epidermis until the ninth day of re‐epithelization. The findings indicate changes similar to other hyperproliferative states (expression of K16), basal‐like features (expression of K14), or properties reminiscent of fetal skin (K13 and K18) in the newly formed epidermis. Monoclonal antibodies for cytokeratins and a technique using suction blisters seemed to be suitable methodology for the study of epidermal regeneration in normal skin. The technique may also advantages in the investigation of keratin expression in diseased

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1995.tb06912.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe morphometric parameters of mid‐dermal elastic fibres from the skin of four patients with Marfan syndrome, four patients with Ehlers‐Danlos syndrome type IV (EDS IV), and two patients with pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) were determined, and compared with those of healthy individuals of a similar age range.The volume fraction occupied by elastic fibres was significantly reduced in Marfan patients compared with normal controls, and this was independent of age. In contrast, it was significantly increased in PXE patients, whereas the volume fraction occupied by skin elastic fibres varied within the EDS IV group.Dermal elastic fibres from patients with Marfan syndrome. EDS IV and PXE are hydrolysed by human neutrophil elastase in a qualitatively and quantitatively different fashion from those from healthy individuals. Marfan syndrome and EDS IV dermal elastic fibres were found to be more resistant to hydrolysis by human neutrophil elastase, but PXE elastic fibres were hydrolysed at a rate similar to elastic fibres from control s

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1995.tb06913.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryWe have previously shown that conditioned medium from cultured human keratinocytes stimulates proliferation of a variety of cell types involved in wound healing. as well as re‐epithelization of wounds in human skinin vitro. We now present evidence for an autocrine/paracrine control of the synthesis of type IV collagenases in human keratinocytes and fibroblasts. During wound healing, keratinocytes migrate over the wound bed, an activity coupled with lysis of basement membranes, and hence requiring the presence of collagenases. Collagenases are also needed for the production and remodelling of the granulation tissue. In order to study the autocrine/paracrine control of collagenase production in keratinocytes and fibroblasts, we stimulated these cells in culture with conditioned medium from cultured keratinocytes. Protease synthesis was determined by affinity labelling with3H‐diisopropylfluorophosphoridate (DFP) and by zymography. Keratinocyte‐conditioned medium was found to increase the expression of 72 and 92 kDa type IV collagenase in human keratinocytes, and the 72 kDa collagenase in human fibroblasts. indicating that an autocrine/paracrine control mechanism is involved in collagenase production in these cell types during wound healing. This increased expression of collagenases could he partly responsible for the stimulated healing seen in wounds treated with sheets of cultured keratino

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1995.tb06914.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe expression of thec‐crbB‐2protein was studied in the keratinocytes from patients with: (i) oral mucosal lichen planus (OLP) (n=2(S): (ii) oral mucosal squamous cell carcinoma (OMSCC) which had arisen in mucosa affected by OLP (n=5); and (iii) normal oral mucosa (n=5).C‐erbB‐2protein was expressed on the cell membranes of the keratinocytes of nucleated epithelium in the stratum spinosum. The antigenic determinant recognized represents the cytoplasmic domain of a cell surface receptor which binds an as yet uncharacterized heparin binding ligand of unknown function.1.2The specimens from the live normal subjects showed positive immunohistochemical staining with the monoclonalc‐erbB‐2protein antibody, the OMSCC specimens were negative, and 23 of 26 of the OLP specimens were positive. The lack ofc‐cerbB‐2expression in the three OLP and in the five OMSCC specimens may indicate a genetic alteration, or masking of the expression ofc‐cerbB‐2. The absence of expression in OLP specimens might be an indicator of the possibility of future neopla

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1995.tb06915.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryUrticarial dermographism and delayed pressure urticaria are two forms of physical urticaria which are well defined clinically and histologically. Previous studies have shown eosinophil granule protein deposition in urticarial reactions, including chronic urticaria, solar urticaria and delayed pressure urticaria. To evaluate and compare the involvement of granulated inflammatory cells in urticarial dermographism and delayed pressure urticaria, we studied sequential biopsies of induced lesions of urticarial dermographism and delayed pressure urticaria by indirect immunotluorescence, to detect eosinophil granule major basic protein (MBP) and neutrophil granule elastase. Biopsies from dermographic lesions at time 0.5 min, 15 min, 2h and 24 h, showed few infiltrating eosinophils, with minimal extracellular MBP deposition, and a few infiltrating neutrophils, with minimal neutrophil elastase deposition, throughout the evolution of the lesions. Sequential biopsies of delayed pressure urticaria at time 0. 20min. 6. 12 and 24h. showed eosinophil infiltration with extensive MBP deposition beginning at 20 min. and neutrophil infiltration with variable elastase deposition beginning at 20 min. Control tissue specimens from normal volunteers showed neutrophil infiltration and slight degranulation, but no eosinophil infiltrations or degranulation. Comparison of Urticaria dermographism with delayed pressure urticaria showed marked differences in the patterns of infiltration. Delayed pressure urticaria, with eosinophil and neutrophil degranulation, was strikingly similar to the IgE‐mediated late phase reaction. In contrast, eosinophil and neutrophil involvement in urticarial dermographism was minimal. Considering the extent of eosinophil granule protein deposition and the biological activities of the eosinophil granule proteins, the findings in delayed pressure urticaria point to an important pathophysiological role of eosinophils in the diseas

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1995.tb06916.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryIn order to understand the variety of HTLV‐1‐associated cutaneous diseases, we studied the cytological profile of HTLV‐1‐infected T‐cell lines established from patients with adult T‐cell leukaemia (ATL). Among four CD4+cell lines, termed 16T(−), 35T(−), MH‐1, and KS‐2, the 16T(−) cells secreted elevated quantities of IL‐4, IL‐b and IFN‐7, and expressed mRNA for each cytokine in the absence of exogenous stimulation. The 3ST(−) cells secreted IL‐6 and a small amount of IFN‐7, but not IL‐4. The MH‐1 and KS‐2 cells secreted only 1L‐6 in the absence of stimulation, hi response to stimulation with phorbol‐12‐myristate‐13 acetate (PMA), the 16T(−) cells produced more IL‐4 and IFN‐γ, whereas the 35T(−) and MH‐1 cells exhibited increased secretion of IFN‐γ, but still no IL‐4 or IL‐4 mRNA production. Although neither IL‐4 nor IFN‐γ were found in the culture supernatant of KS‐2 cells, the production of IL‐4 mRNA was detected by RT PCR. Culture supernatants from the 16T(−) and 35T(−) cells induced the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 (ICAM‐1) and HLA‐UR by cultured keratinocytes. This response was inhibited by pretreatment of the supernatant with anti‐IFN‐γ antibodies. These results indicate that some HTLV‐1‐infected T‐cell lines constitutively secrete various cytokines, including biologically active IFN‐γ. The diversity of immunobiological functi

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1995.tb06917.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryVerrucous carcinoma (VC) of the skin is a rare variety of well‐differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) characterized by aggressive local growth and a low metastatic potential. These tumours are known to have histological and virological features similar to classic warts or condylomata. The aim of the present study was to map the proliferative compartment in VC (n=7) in comparison with warts (n=10) and typical well‐differtntiated SCC (n=10). The proliferating cells were detected by immunostaining of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded tissue sections, using the commercially available anti‐PCNA monoclonal antibody PC10. Normal epidermis served as a positive control and reference. In VC and warts, the PCNA‐positive cells were principally located at the periphery of lesions, in the basal layer of the tumour islands. In some warts, however, stronger PCNA expressed was noted in the superficial layers, of the lesions corresponding to virus‐infected keratinocytes (koilocytotic cells). In contrast, in SCC, PCNA‐positive cells were randomly scattered throughout the tumours.Our findings suggest that, on the basis of mapping of PCNA distribution, VC resembles large warts or condylomata rather than typical SCC. Thus, VC appears to be a distinct clinical entity, intermediate between these two types of lesions, not only because of its clinical and virological features, but also with regard to its proliferati

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1995.tb06918.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryGB36, a mouse monoclonal antibody (mAb) raised against an epithelial antigen of the human trophoblast, reacts with the epithelial basement membrane of chorionic villi: It does not react with the invasive extravillous cytotrophoblast. Expression and characterization of the antigen of GB36 (designated GBA36) were investigated in normal keratinocytes by immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopic studies. Immunoprecipitation experiments demonstrated that the proteins identified on keratinocytes by mAb CB36 and a rat mAb anti‐integrin α6(GoH3) were the same. Using immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopic methods, GBA36 was localized on the cell membrane facing the epithelial basal lamina of basal keratinocytes. GBA36 distribution in benign and malignant skin tumours was evaluated by immunostaining methods (immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase). Analysis of tumours revealed that whereas benign epithelial tumours and intradermal naevi displayed high levels of GBA36, the expression of this antigen decreased progressively in spinocellular and basal cell carcinomas, and in cutaneous melanomas in relation to invasiveness. During cell transformation, GBA36 undergoes quantitative alterations, and expression is down‐regulated. Although the functional relevance of these changes remains unknown, the correlation of decreased GBA36 expression with tumour progression may indicate a role for altered integrin expression in tissue invasion by human skin carcinoma and mela

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1995.tb06919.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryWe have previously demonstrated that human fetal epidermal melanocytes are dopa‐negative. The present study was conducted to test the hypothesis that human fetal melanocytes can be activated to produce melanin under conditions differing from their naturalin uteroenvironment. To address this question, dopa staining activity of fetal epidermal sheets, obtained from seven aborted fetuses with estimated gestational ages of 13–20 Weeks. was evaluated before and after engraftment on to nude mice. Dopa staining became positive 7 days post‐engraftment. The intensity of the dopa reaction and the mean number of melanocytes increased by day 14 post‐engraftment, and these changes were even greater by day 30. These observations indicate that human fetal melanocytes, potentially capable of synthesizing melanin under conditions differing from their normalin uteroenvironment, are either inhibited, or not stimulated t

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1995.tb06920.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY