摘要:

SUMMARYIn view of the presence of the polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) chemoattractant Leukotriene B4(LTB4) in the surface scale of the psoriatic lesion and the known therapeutic effect of phototherapy in psoriasis, the photostability of LTB4was investigated.LTB4was irradiated with dosages of UVB (290–320 nm) ranging from 100–1500 mJ cm−2and with dosages of UVA (320–400 nm) ranging from 5–40 J cm−2. Topical application of UVB irradiated LTB4to the forearm skin of normal volunteers showed a marked reduction in cutaneous erythema, paralleled histologically by reduced transepidermal PMN migration when compared with sites of application of unirradiated and UVA irradiated LTB4. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) demonstrated a dose‐dependent photodegradation of LTB4by UVB irradiation. UVA irradiation produced no such effect. The wavelengths responsible lie within the absorption spectrum of LTB4.In vitrochemotaxis studies, using an under agarose technique, showed a statistically significant reduction in the migration of PMN from both psoriatic and non‐psoriatic subjects to the UVB irradiated LTB4compared with the unirradiated LTB4, whilst UVA irradiated LTB4produced a normal PMN chemo

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1989.tb07778.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYIncubation of human recombinant IL‐1α (hrIL‐1α) with cultured human endothelial cells induced a dose‐and time‐dependent increase in the release of prostacyclin (PGI2). Above a dose of hrIL‐1α 0.05 units/ml and following a variable lag phase of between 2 and 4 h, PGI2release (measured as the stable hydrolysis product 6‐keto‐prostaglandin F1α) was detected in the culture supernatant and levels continued to rise throughout a 48‐h incubation. The release of PGI2required the continued presence of hrIL‐1α, did not demonstrate tachyphylaxis and was not reduced by pre‐incubation with the protein synthesis inhibitors cycloheximide, tunicamycin and actinomycin or by the calmodulin antagonist trifluoroperazine. The relationship of these results to ultraviolet radiation induc

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1989.tb07779.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYThe metabolism of benzo(a)pyrene (BP), a ubiquitous environmental carcinogen, and its subsequent binding to DNA, and the repair of UV‐induced DNA damage were studied in fibroblasts cultured from the skin of a 61‐year‐old male who had multiple BCC (>100) on his left upper trunk. Biopsies were obtained and fibroblasts cultured from clinically normal tumour‐free skin adjacent to tumour‐bearing sites (TBS) and from visibly uninvolved normal skin (UNS) at distant sites. The cultured cells were incubated with [3H]‐BP for 24 h and BP metabolism was assessed by HPLC and the formation of BP‐diols, quinones and phenols verified. Total BP metabolism was 45% lower in TBS fibroblasts than in UNS fibroblasts. The formation of BP‐7,8‐diol, the precursor of the carcinogenic end product of BP metabolism, was 53% lower in TBS cells than in UNS cells. Pretreatment of UNS cells with benz(a)anthracene (BA) (X 10−4M) did not significantly affect BP metabolite formation whereas BA‐treatment of TBS cells resulted in 55% and 76% increases in total BP metabolism and BP‐7,8‐diol formation, respectively. Treatment of TBS cells with BA also caused a substantial increase (95%) in BP‐DNA adduct formation. Whereas DNA‐binding in UNS cells was unaffected by this treatment. In response to irradiation with 2J/m2UVC, total DNA repair was similar in both cell types; on alkaline elution it appeared that the TBS cells were more efficient in repairing UV‐induced DNA strand breaks. These results suggest that BP metabolism and repair of DNA are altered in TBS cells and that patients with this type of metabolic profile may be at higher risk of the development of cutaneous neoplasms. It is also possible that fibroblasts from tumour bearing skin undergo some as yet unexplained alteration in carcinogen metabolism as a consequenc

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1989.tb07780.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYPolymorphic light eruption (PLE) papules were successfully induced on previously affected sites in 11 out of 14 patients with PLE 4–20 h after single exposures to suberythemogenic doses of solar simulated radiation. Histological examination of biopsies performed 1 h, 5 h, 24 h, 72 h and 144 h post‐irradiation revealted onset within 5 h of perivascular cellular infiltration. The infiltrate was dominated by lymphocytes in both early and established lesions, without evident epidermal pathology. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated a predominance of CD4 + cells in lesions up to 72 h post‐induction, but later biopsies were dominated by a CD8 + infiltrate. Significantly increased numbers of dermal macrophages and CD1b + cells were detected 1 h and 5 h post‐irradiation, respectively. These findings are consistent with a delayed type hypersensitivity response underlying the pathogenesis of polymorphic light e

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1989.tb07781.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYThis is a report of a previously undescribed type of histiocytoma distinguished clinically by its occurrence as a solitary elevated nodule often with a vascular appearance and cytologically by the presence of large angulated epithelioid cells. Nineteen lesions from 11 women and eight men have been studied. The lower limb was the commonest site for the nodules. The mean age at presentation was 42 years (range 23–63). Only one lesion recurred after attempted removal. This lesion in the past may, have been mistaken for a Spitz naevus.Immunohistochemical findings mirror those of ordinary histiocytomas. In particular approximately 50% of the constituent cells label with a polyclonal antibody directed against factor XIIIa‐an antibody that labels dermal fixed connective tissue cells (fibrocytes) and cells in ordinary histiocytoma, but not the cells of Spitz or common melanocytic na

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1989.tb07782.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYThe histogenesis of histiocytoma (dermatofibroma) was investigated using new antibodies that demonstrate factor XIIIa (FXIIIa) positive cells and the monocyte macrophage cell series (MAC 387), in formalin fixed tissue. The distribution of S100 protein, vimentin andUlex europaeusagglutinin 1 (UEA‐1) were also studied. The antibody against FXIIIa labelled the normal dermal population of fixed connective tissue cells (dermal dendrocytes) emphasizing their dendritic processes; cells that are widely distributed, but are most numerous in the papillary dermis. In contrast, the antibody, MAC 387 against monocyte derived macrophages, did not label this cell population.In 30 histiocytomas, intense labelling for FXIIIa was found peripherally, but labelling was rather weaker in cells situated centrally. Only a few cells labelled for S100 protein and with the monoclonal antibody MAC 387, but vimentin positivity was universal. UEA‐1 labelled only vessels in histiocytomas. However, FXIIIa labelling was negative in 16 dermatofibrosarcomas, three keloids and several other fibroproliferative lesions. These contrasting results with FXIIIa labelling have practical implications for diagnosis of benign and malignant spindle cell tumours of the skin. We conclude that histiocytomas (dermal dendrocytomas) take their origin from dermal fixed connective tissue cells, (dermal dendrocytes), but other spindle cell tumours may differ in histogene

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1989.tb07783.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYOn each of 10 patients with untreated plaque psoriasis, two symmetrical plaques were injected with cyclosporin A or placebo on six occasions over 12 days, in a double‐blind manner. Biopsies taken from these lesions at 14 days were examined for differences in cellular composition using a double‐labelling immunofluorescent technique.The cyclosporin‐injected plaques cleared significantly better than those injected with placebo(P<0.001).In the epidermis of the cyclosporin‐injected plaques, total and HLA‐DR+ CD4+ and CD8+ T cell numbers were significantly decreased compared to corresponding plaques treated with placebo (total CD4+, total CD8+, DR+ CD4+,P<0.001; DR+ CD8+,P<0.02). Similarly, T lymphocyte numbers in the dermis were decreased in the cyclosporin compared to placebo‐treated plaques; the reduction in total CD4+ and DR+ CD8+ T cell numbers was statistically significant (P<0.005).Although total numbers of epidermal dendritic cells were not significantly altered, the DR+CD1 ‐ dendritic cell subpopulation was markedly decreased (P<0.001) and DR‐CD1+ dendritic cells increased (P<0.05) in the plaques injected with cyclosporin compared to corresponding placebo‐treated plaques.These findings show that cyclosporin injectedin situis effective in clearing psoriasis and probably exerts this beneficial effect by its action on T lymphocytes. A suitable topical preparation that allows penetration of the drug should prove helpful in the treat

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1989.tb07784.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYWe document a study of 65 patients presenting to our clinics, over a 2‐year period, with livedo reticularis. All patients were screened for the presence of anti‐cardiolipin antibodies and assessed for the presence of central nervous system disease and features of the ‘antiphospholipid’ syndrome, including venous and arterial thromboses and foetal loss. Patients were also assessed for other clinical features such as Raynaud's phenomenon and valvular lesions. Twenty‐eight anti‐cardiolipin positive patients were compared with 37 anti‐cardiolipin negative patients. There was a statistically significant difference in the incidence of cerebrovascular disease (including strokes and transient ischaemic attacks) thrombocytopenia, valvular heart lesions and foetal loss in the anti‐cardiolipin positive patients as compared with the anti‐cardiolipi

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1989.tb07785.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYQuantitative analysis of Langerhans cells stained with OKT6 in the epithelium of 42 patients with oral mucosal lichen planus and 14 patients with oral mucosal leukoplakia showed significantly greater numbers of Langerhans cells in lichen planus. This may reflect the role of Langerhans cells in the pathogenesis of this condition and their identification could help in distinguishing lichen planus from leukoplakia.

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1989.tb07786.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYA survey was conducted to investigate the relationship between exogenous ochronosis and the use of skin lightening preparations amongst black individuals attending general outpatient departments in two South African hospitals. In the sample, 15% of males and 42% of females were found to have exogenous ochronosis. The prevalence amongst users of skin lighteners was 69%. The main demographic associations with ochronosis were an inverse relationship to education, and predominance of the female sex. Clinical and behavioural aspects were also recorded. Even products limited to 2% hydroquinone or less, and combined with a sunscreen, were found to cause ochronosis.

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1989.tb07787.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY