摘要:

SUMMARYA lymphocyte transformation test (LTT) was able to distinguish between nickel‐sensitive subjects and non‐nickel‐sensitive controls. Sixty‐one out of 66 (92%) nickel‐sensitive subjects had positive stimulation indices in 6‐ and/or 7‐day assays using 5 μg/ml of nickel sulphate, whereas none of the 43 controls gave positive results. Stimulation indices were not enhanced by the patch testing of subjects to nickel before performing the LTT. A weak correlation was seen between the results of the LTT and the macroscopic degree of patch‐test reactivity. The concentration of nickel sulphate used (5 μg/ml) did not have a significant non‐specif

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1990.tb08276.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYOral challenge with nickel sulphate indicated that vesicular hand eczema in nickel‐sensitive patients may be exacerbated by nickel occurring naturally in the diet. Twelve nickel‐sensitive females with vesicular hand eczema were challenged with a supplementary high nickel diet for 4 days in a single‐blind cross‐over study. The diet had about five times the average nickel content of the daily Danish diet. An aggravation of the hand eczema was observed in six out of 12 patients on day 4 after the start of the challenge. By day 11, the hand eczema was worse in 10 out of 12 patients, and remained unchanged

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1990.tb08277.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYThe relationship between HLA antigens (A, B, C and DR) and nickel contact sensitivity was examined in 54 patients with contact allergy, as confirmed by an unequivocal positive patch‐test reaction only to nickel. A control group was 320 healthy blood donors from the same geographical area as the patients. The HLA‐A, B, C and DR antigens were typed using standard serological methods. HLA typing revealed a significant increase of HLA‐DRw6 antigen in the patient group (correctedP<0middot;025) and the relative risk for patients with DRw6 to develop nickel sensitivity wa

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1990.tb08278.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYBouin‐fixed paraffin sections or acetone‐fixed cryostat sections were labelled with the avidinbiotin complex (ABC) or peroxidase‐antiperoxidase (PAP) method using three monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) and two polyclonal antisera to human recombinant interleukinibeta (IL‐iβ) and three polyclonal antisera to human recombinant interleukiniα (IL‐iα). In the secretory coil both IL‐α and β were detected in the clear, but not in the dark cells. Both luminal and basal cells of the coiled and straight ducts expressed IL‐iα and β, the IL‐ilabelling being more intense in the luminal cells. IL‐iwas not usually detected in the initial portion of the intraepidermal eccrine sweat duct, whereas intense labelling was seen in the upper part including through the stratum corneum. In skin biopsies of the palm, taken after exercise, there was only faint IL‐ilabelling of the secretory cells, whereas the luminal cells of the dermal ducts showed intense labelling for both IL‐iα and β. In the acrosyringium, exercise did not alter the pattern for IL‐iα and β, except that in the palm, some of the antibodies to IL‐iβ produced a more intense immunolabelling of the acrosyringeal cells. This study identifies a distinct and similar distribution of the two forms of IL‐ithroughout the eccrine sweat‐gland apparatus and indicates that part of the IL

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1990.tb08279.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYThe mononuclear infiltrate found in a variety of inflammatory dermatoses was characterized by a predominance of T helper‐inducer lymphocytes (THi), CD4+/CD45RA−/CD45RO+, a population of cells responsible for maintaining and promoting immune reactions. Only small numbers of T‐suppressor‐inducer lymphocytes (TSi), CD4+/CD45RA+/CD45RO−, cells responsible for inducing CD8 suppressor‐effector cells to ‘down regulate’ immune reactions, were seen. The predominance of CD4+THi lymphocytes was common to all dermatoses studied and suggests a common final pathway in chronic cutaneous inflammation, irrespective of initial ca

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1990.tb08280.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYThere is growing evidence that keratinocytc (KC) intercellular adhesion molecule‐i(ICAM‐i) expression is involved in the epidermal trafficking øf T lymphocytes. To further characterize the molecular basis of KC ICAM‐iexpression, the detailed kinetics of induction by gamma interferon (IFN‐γ)) as well as the phorbol ester, 12‐O tetradecanoylphorbol‐13‐acetate (TPA), were studied. This study reports that KCs express both the class II major histocompatibility antigen (HLA‐DR) and ICAM‐iin response to IFN‐γ, although the response is distinctive for each molecule. Also, TPA induces ICAM‐i, but not HLA‐DR expression, whilst the protein kinase inhibitor, H7, blocks the TPA, but not the IFN‐γ‐mediated response. The results provide a molecular basis whereby non‐cytokine‐mediated stimuli (e.g. TPA) alter KC signal transduction events involving protein kinase‐C (PK‐C) and thereby generate such immunologically relevant events as ICAM‐iexpression. Thus, KCs may be targets for both T‐cell derived cytokines (e.g. IFN‐γ), and non‐cytokine TPA‐like molecules which stimulate PK‐C. Induction of ICAM‐iby either mechanism would be ca

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1990.tb08281.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYThe flare and weal reactions to intradermal injections of histamine and the peptide substance P were measured in a group of patients with atopic dermatitis and compared to reactions in a non‐atopic control group. There was no significant difference in the flare areas between the controls and atopies with either reagent. The weal volumes after injection of substance P and histamine were significantly larger in the atopic group. As substance P causes mast cell histamine release, the increased weal volumes produced by substance P in the atopies may be entirely due to the exaggerated atopic weal reaction to histamin

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1990.tb08282.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYInfra‐red thermography was used to quantify, at patch test sites, the allergic responses to experimental preparations of nickel sulphate and primary irritant responses to sodium lauryl sulphate in small groups of volunteers. The technique was also used to assess the patch‐test responses in a much larger group of patients who had undergone routine patch testing for contact allergy with a wide range of test substances and among which there were large numbers of allergic, irritant and equivocal reactions. Thermographically, when compared to the surrounding normal skin surface, the sites of allergic reactions appeared as hot areas, the temperature and area of which were apparently dependent on the severity of the response. For allergic responses, there was a good correlation between the clinical assessment and either of two thermographic parameters, temperature and area of involvement. Compared with an aqueous solution of nickel sulphate, ‘poor’ formulations of the allergen, such as a suspension in soft paraffin base, elicited smaller and cooler reactions. Irritant reaction sites were not ‘hot’ and the temperature at such sites was no different from that of the surrounding normal skin. Infra‐red thermography is a convenient non‐invasive technique which apparently can be used to discriminate between irritant and allergic responses and to quantify the latter t

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1990.tb08283.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYIt has been alleged that the exposure of a transdermal delivery system to leakage of microwave radiation from a domestic microwave oven can result in the user receiving a second‐degree burn in the area of the patch. Several transdermal delivery systems were exposed to microwave radiation from an Electro Medical Supplies Microtron 200 microwave diathermy unit. Temperature rises of up to 2·2°C were recorded at a maximum power density of 800 W/m2. These temperature rises were considered insignificant compared to that required to produce a burn. The exposure of transdermal delivery systems to a microwave diathermy field or lower level leakage radiation from a microwave oven is unlikely to cause direct thermal injury to the wea

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1990.tb08284.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYCatalytic and immunoreactive erythrocyte uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase was measured in a woman with hepatoerythropoietic porphyria (HEP). The uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase activity was 24% of the mean value for normal controls and the concentration of the immunoreactive enzyme (106 ng/mgHb), measured with the rocket immunoelectrophoresis technique, did not differ from that of healthy controls. Consequently, catalytically inactive, cross‐reactive immunological material (CRIM) was present, and the patient was CRIM‐positive. This enzyme activity and immunoreactive enzyme concentration differs from those for previously known HEP patients, and represents a new mutation, evidence for heterogeneity in inherited uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase deficie

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1990.tb08285.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY