摘要:

SUMMARYHuman axillary apocrine glands are endowed with well developed myoepithelium, but its pharmacological responsiveness has remained unknown. The present study is part of our efforts in determining the role(s) played by exocrine myoepithelium in the overall secretory processes. Single human apocrine glands were isolated from biopsy skin specimens and were stimulated with various pharmacological agentsin vitro. Tubular contraction was recorded photomicrographically and was interpreted as being due to myoepithelial contraction. The tubular contraction was induced by stimulation with phenylephrine (5 × 10−6M) or adrenaline (5 × 10−6M) but not with isoproterenol (5 × 10−6M) or acetylcholine (5 × 10−6M). A higher concentration of acetylcholine (10−4M) produced a minor degree of contraction. The phenylephrine‐induced contraction was blocked by phentolamine (10−5M) or by EGTA (5 mM) but not by propranolol (10−5M) or by atropine (10−5M). It was concluded that the contractile response of the apocrine myoepithelium is selectively controlled by the alpha‐adrenergic stimulation. The possibility is discussed that the major function of the apocrine myoepithelium is not just the pumping out of the preformed sweat but is, as in the eccrine sweat gland myoepithelium, the provision of structural support for the apocrine secretory epithelium to withstand the increase, if any, in the luminal hydrostatic pressure during a

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1980.tb07239.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYSerum concentrations of pregnenolone sulphate, dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate and 5‐androstene‐3β, 17β‐diol sulphate were measured by radioimmunoassays in twelve patients with various types of ichthyosis. In X‐linked ichthyosis (n = 5), ichthyosis vulgaris (n = 5) and lamellar ichthyosis (n = 1), steroid sulphates were not significantly higher than in the control subjects. In one baby with ichthyosiform erythroderma and associated deafness serum 5 ‐androstene‐3β, 17β‐diol sulphate concentration was about 60 fold higher (31 μg/ml) than the mean of the control children. The other steroid sulphate levels were normal in this baby.These results indicate that it is not possible to demonstrate the steroid sulphatase deficiency in X‐linked ichthyosis by determining blood steroid sulphates. The cause of the high 5‐androstene‐3β, 17β‐diol sulphate concentration in the baby with ichthyosiform erythrode

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1980.tb07240.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYThe non‐eczematous but ‘dry’ skin of twelve patients with eczema has been studied and contrasted with skin from similar sites in control subjects of similar age and sex and with patients with autosomal dominant ichthyosis. The areas investigated were examined histologically and by techniques for assessment of the stratum corneum structure and function. The ‘dry’ skin sites demonstrated increased intracorneal cohesion, increased total epidermal thickness, patchy parakeratosis and in places slight hypergranulosis. It is concluded that the dry skin condition of patients with atopic eczema is not autosomal dominant ichthyosis and is probably eczematous

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1980.tb07241.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYMicrosomal preparations from petrolatum‐treated wound skin contained significantly less arachidonic acid‐dependent oxidative capacity when compared to activities in untreated wounded skin (t = 6.06,P<0.001). Microsomes from both untreated and petrolatum‐treated wounded skin produced similar quantities of PGE2and PGF2α; however, microsomal lipoxygenase activity in petrolatum‐treated wounded skin was depressed when compared to that in untreated wounded skin. Microsomal preparations from normal pig skin treated with petrolatum oxidized arachidonic acid at a similar rate to those from untreated control skin.Increasing quantities of petrolatum progressively inhibited the synthesis of PGE2and PGF2αby fetal calf skin microsomesin vitroas determined by both the oxidation of arachidonic acid and the quantification of radioactive product.Topical application of banal compounds that contain lipid substances may therefore alter the cutaneous inflammatory response by local suppression of pathways that generate hydroxy‐fatty acids, substances that are known to be chemotactic and pro

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1980.tb07242.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYThe wealing response of human skin to dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) has been quantified. Concentrations of 90%, 95%, and 100% were applied for 5 min to circular areas 8 mm in diameter. Wealing was scored on a five‐point scale after 10 min.Marked individual variations were found. Wealing was strongly influenced by body region and was dose‐dependent. The intensity of the reaction paralleled that to other irritants and was dependent mainly on thickness and integrity of the horny layer. The DMSO test is a simple, quick way to assess the barrier function of the stratum corn

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1980.tb07243.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYA sensitive electromagnetic movement detector has been developed to estimate itch by measuring scratch during sleep. The cumulative time of nocturnal limb movements of patients with itchy and non‐itchy liver diseases was estimated. Non‐itchy patients moved their arms for 24±9.3 min/8 h (mean ± s. d.) and their legs for 16 ± 7.0 min/8 h. The limb movements were not related to left or right handedness or the sex or age of the patient. Itchy patients had increased nocturnal limb movements; however, the increase in arm movement (up to five times control level) was much greater than the increase in leg movement (up to twice control level). The marked increase in arm movements in itchy patients supports the view that this movement is largely due to scratching. The reproducibility of the estimates of arm movements was reasonable (within‐person coefficient of variation 22%). In three studies, treatment resulted in a reduction of arm movements to normal levels. The measurement of cumulative nocturnal arm movement by these sensitive meters appears to be a valid estimate of scratch and superior to a subjective assessment of itch. The devices may also be applied to other studies, such as the effects of hypnotic drugs on sleep movement and the measurement of v

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1980.tb07244.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYOf 135 patients with scabies, forty‐seven (35%) had a positive (Classes 1–4) radioallergosorbent test (RAST) toDermatophagoides pteronyssinus(DP). Elevated serum IgE concentrations were found in sixty‐one (45%) of the patients. Atopic disease was confirmed in twenty‐eight (23%) of the 120 patients who completed a medical questionnaire satisfactorily.In a control group, well‐matched for age and sex, of 201 employees at a local bank, only four (2%) had a positive RAST to DP, and eight (4%) had raised serum IgE levels. Atopic disease was confirmed in eighteen (9%) of them.These observations indicate that scabies infection stimulates the production of IgE antibodies, even in non‐atopic individuals, and may suggest that IgE antibodies against the human pathogenic miteSarcoptes scabieicross‐react with DP. Scabies infection in addition often seems to be associated with a

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1980.tb07245.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYPlasma 25‐hydroxycalciferol levels were measured in ten normal subjects at approximately 6‐weekly intervals for 1 year. The mean annual level was 18.4 ng/ml with a seasonal variation from 14 to 26 ng/ml.These values correlated well with serial estimates of personal UV radiation dose previously measured by polysulphone film bad

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1980.tb07246.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYBlood was cultured and chromosome preparations were examined for sister chromatid exchanges and chromosome aberrations in eighteen patients receiving photochemotherapy with 8‐MOP and UV‐A for the treatment of psoriasis, both before starting treatment and again 6 months later. The UV‐A was administered both by means of low output (irradiance: 1.1–2.25 mW/cm2) and high output (irradiance: 6.1–7.6 mW/cm2) UV‐A radiation cubicles. Irrespective of the intensity of irradiation or the total dose of UV‐A administered there was no evidence of chromosome damage in lymphocytes follow

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1980.tb07247.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYThe historical background and the main clinical features of a specific paraneoplastic dermatosis, acrokeratosis paraneoplastica, are reviewed. Typical features are erythematous scaly lesions on the extremities, ears and bridge of the nose, associated with a malignancy, most frequently in the laryngo‐pharyngeal regio

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1980.tb07248.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY