摘要:

SUMMARYThe Dundee experimental bald rat (DEBR) has been proposed as an animal model of human alopecia areata, which is suspected of being an autoimmune disease. This study was carried out to establish whether the immunological changes observed in the lesional DEBR rat correlated with studies of human alopecia areata. The immune infiltrate was characterized using immunoperoxidase techniques on cryostat sections of vibrissa follicles. Indirect immunofluorescence was used to quantify the perpheral blood leucocytes. Some parallels were observed in the infiltration of human and DEBR rat follicles by T lymphocytes. In contrast, pre‐lesional DEBR rat follicles, which are not available for investigation in human alopecia areata, were not penetrated by leucocytes and MHC class II antigens were experessed in the precortical region of the epidermal component of these follicles. Quantification of peripheral blood leucocytes showed singnificant increases in both T‐lymphocyte subsets during lessional expression. We consider that the pre‐lesional form of the rat may provide important information as a model for the pre‐lesional and uninvestigated form of alopecia areata

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1990.tb01471.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYCorticosteroids may mediate some of their anti‐inflammatory effects via induction of a specific 38 kDa protein, lipocortin‐I. Anti‐lipocortin‐I antibodies (ALA) were measured by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 23 patients with plaque‐type psoriasis alone (NAP), in 21 patients with psoriasis and arthritis (PA), and in 67 healthy controls. Only two of 23 NAP patients had elevated ALA, whereas six of 21 PA patients had raised levels of ALA (P= 0.2). Sero‐negative polyarthritis was the most common pattern of joint disease in those PA patients with elevated ALA (4/6). ALA levels did not correlate with the extent or severity of cutaneous involvement, and are unlikely to be involved in the pathogenesis of cutaneou

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1990.tb01472.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYThe naevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome is described in a 43‐year‐old male. The response of dividing fibroblasts from this patient to the lethal effects of ionizing radiation was indistinguishable from that of a normal control: mean inactivation dose (D)=1.74 Gy and 1.68 Gy, respectively. However, these cells were defective in the repair of potentially lethal damage (D̄=2.36 Gy and 3.26 Gy, respectively). The response to radiation of GoT lymphocytes derived from the patient was similar to that of the control. The frequency of mutant circulating T lymphocytes resistant to 6‐thioguanine was 17 × 10−6which was elevated when compared with age‐matched controls. These results suggest an abnormality in the response of the fibroblasts to ionizing radia

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1990.tb01473.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYOrnithine decarboxylase (ODC) was measured in the epidermis of healthy volunteers and the uninvolved skin of psoriatic patients at various times after sellotape stripping. Basal levels were less than I pmol/min/mg protein. Activity peaked to a maximum of 86 pmol/min/mg protein after 8 h; this was followed by an abrupt decline to a lower level which remained relatively constant for at least 36 h. No difference was seen between the response of controls and psoriatic patients. Pretreatment with topical corticosteroids reduced peak ODC levels to about one‐half, but oral indomethacin had no effec

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1990.tb01474.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYThe expression of Leu 8 was studied on skin biopsies from a large group of patients with benign and malignant skin disorders and correlated with the expression of T‐cell differentiation antigens and activation markers. The effect ofin vitrostimulation of peripheral blood T cells and T‐cell subsets on the expression of Leu 8 antigen was also determined. In all the skin diseases studied an inverse relationship was found between the proportions of cells expressing Leu 8 and HLA‐DR. A deficiency of Leu 8 positive cells was not specific for mycosis fungoides, but was also found in several reactive dermatoses. Stimulation of peripheral blood cells with phytohaemagglutinin (PHA), concanavalin A (Con A), and anti‐CD3‐PMA resulted in a considerable decrease of Leu 8 antigen expression on day 3 in both CD4+and CD8+T cells. These data suggest that the low proportion of Leu 8+T cells in mycosis fungoides and several reactive skin disorders is not related to malignant transformation or selective homing of Leu 8‐T cells, but probably results from local T‐ce

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1990.tb01475.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYIn this study, the nature of non‐immune immediate contact reactions (NIICR) produced by cinnamic aldehyde, benzoic acid and sorbic acid were investigated, with particular interest in the ‘quenching’ ability of eugenol. Three groups of human subjects were studied, and the guinea‐pig ear was also used as a model of NIICR. Cinnamic aldehyde, benzoic acid and sorbic acid were all able to produce NIICR in the majority of subjects studied. There was a strong correlation between the susceptibility of each subject to each urticant, but no correlation between the susceptibility to NIICR and age, atopic status or tanning ability. Eugenol caused a reduction in NIICR induced by all three urticants. This ‘quenching’ effect was apparent even when the eugenol was applied up to 60 min prior to application of cinnamic aldehyde, and its effect was not eliminated by washing. In the guinea‐pig‐ear model, ear thickening was induceed by all three urticants, and this response was inhib

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1990.tb01476.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYTo investigate differences in response to irritation according to age and site seven young‐adult and eight elderly females were exposed to 0.25% sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS) under patch‐test occlusion for 24 h. Ten anatomical regions were tested: forehead, upper arm, volar and dorsal forearm, postauricular, palm, abdomen, upper back, thigh, and ankle. The skin responses were evaluated 24 h post‐patch removal by visual scoring and by transepidermal water loss measurements (TEWL). Non‐treated symmetrical anatomical regions served as controls. SLS induced a mild erythematous reaction on most anatomical regions except the palm and TEWL was significantly increased as compared with controls. The elderly group demonstrated significantly less susceptibility to SLS‐induced irritation for most regions of the body as indicated by visual scores and TEWL measurements. In addition, evaluation of the stratum corneum water content following SLS irritation demonstrated lower responses in the old age group for most regions. The thigh had the highest reactivity and the palm the lowest, in both age groups. These data suggest that young adult skin is more sensitive to SLS than old skin and that SLS irritation varies considerably with respect to region. Moreover, objective TEWL measurements seem to be a better indicator of irritant susceptibility, especially in the elderly, than clinical evaluation by visua

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1990.tb01477.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYEleven patients with pemphigus vulgaris and with eye complaints had histopathological and direct immunofluorescence (DIF) studies on biopsies of their conjunctivae. In eight of the patients the ocular symptoms preceded the other manifestations of pemphigus. None of the 11 patients had any detectable conjunctival blisters or erosions. The conjunctivitis in three of the patients proved on histopathology and DIF to be a manifestation of pemphigus vulgaris. In the remaining patients, conjunctival hyperaemia with or without a mucoid discharge was observed, but there were no specific histopathological features, although one of them had a positive DIF.

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1990.tb01478.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYThe proliferation rate, collagen metabolism and collagen and elastin messenger‐RNA levels were studied in fibroblasts derived from patients who had received many courses of either systemic 8‐methoxypsoralen or topical trioxsalen PUVA treatment. The proliferation rate of fibroblasts as measured by the incorporation of3H‐thymidine or by cellular division was decreased in those obtained from patients who had PUVA treatment as compared with controls. Collagen synthesis was slightly increased in the cells from PUVA‐treated patients, but the relative collagen synthesis and the ratio between types I and III collagen were unchanged. The levels of collagen and elastin mRNAs were increased in fibroblasts derived from the PUVA‐treated patients. No significant differences in histology or immunochemistry could be found in the biopsies taken from topical and systemic PUVA‐treat

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1990.tb01479.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYNo clinically successful topical cyclosporin A (CyA) formulation has been produced, mainly due to the apparent lack of drug penetration. This study has produced the firstin vitrokinetic data on CyA penetration across human cadavar stratum corneum and has shown that addition of the penetration enhancers (PE) Azone and propylene glycol to the CyA vehicle significantly enhanced drug permeation across the skin barrier. Using flow‐through permeability cells with 5% w/v CyA (Sandimmun®) alone (CyA) or with PE (CyA+PE) in olive oil in the donor chamber, the penetration rate (mean ± SD μg/cm2/h) into receptor fluid was 53 ± 43 (n=13) for CyA and 660±175 (n=7) for CyA+PE.Thein vivoefficacy of this formulation was assessed in guinea‐pigs undergoing delayed‐type hypersensitivity (DTH) reactions to dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB). CyA was applied topically at the time of challenge and twice daily thereafter. At 24 h, skin reactions revealed that compared with appropriate drug vehicles, concentrations of 0.25, 0.5 and 5% CyA±PE had a significant inhibitory effect upon the erythema response and this corresponded with significant reductions in T‐cell infiltrates (0.5 and 5% CyA). No statistically significant reductions in erythema were demonstrated with 0.05% CyA±PE, but there was a reduction in the number of infiltrating lymphocytes in sites receiving 0.05% CyA+PE compared with vehicle‐treated sites (P<0.01). This suggests that PE permitted some penetration of an otherwise non‐immunosuppressive concentration of Cy

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1990.tb01480.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY